HomeMy WebLinkAbout01 PUBLIC HEARING - PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS 2010-2012 REPORTAgenda Item 1
_ AGENDA REPORT Reviewed:
` City Manager
Finance Director VIA
MEETING DATE: JULY 2, 2013
TO: JEFFREY C. PARKER, CITY MANAGER
FROM: DOUGLAS S. STACK, DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS /CITY ENGINEER
SUBJECT: PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS (PHGs) 2010 -2012 REPORT
SUMMARY
The California Health and Safety Code requires that operators of large water utility systems
periodically prepare a report and conduct a public hearing regarding the health of the water
supplied to customers. For the 2010 -2012 reporting period, the drinking water quality of the City of
Tustin Water Services complied with all California Department of Public Health and USEPA
drinking water standards. While Tustin's water system exceeded the public health goals (PHG) for
arsenic, uranium, coliform bacteria, lead, and copper, these levels remained below the EPA's
action levels and the City remains in overall compliance with all regulatory water quality standards
and no additional treatment programs are required.
RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the City Council take the following actions:
Conduct a public hearing to accept and respond to public comments on the 2010 -2012 Public
Health Goals Report; and
2. At the conclusion of the public hearing, approve the 2010 -2012 Public Health Goals Report.
FISCAL IMPACT
There is no fiscal impact associated with this item.
DISCUSSION
Provisions of the California Health and Safety Code specify that California water utility systems
with more than 10,000 service connections periodically prepare a report and conduct a public
hearing if contaminants are detected above the PHGs adopted by the California Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) or above the
maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) adopted by the United States Environmental Agency
( USEPA).
Overall, the City is in compliance with all regulatory water quality standards. However, for the 2010-
2012 reporting period, Tustin's water system exceeded the PHGs for arsenic, uranium, coliform
bacteria, lead, and copper, but still remained below the EPA's level's for mandatory action. All
other water quality monitoring results are less than the state PHG or federal MCLG.
The PHG for arsenic is 0.004 parts per billion and MCL is 10 parts per billion. Low levels of arsenic
have been found in Tustin's groundwater source less than 2.0 parts per billion. Tustin also
purchases some treated surface water from Metropolitan Water District (MWD). This source has
Public Health Goals Report for 2010 -2012
July 2, 2013
Page 2
detection as high as 3.2 parts per billion from 2010 -2012. Arsenic is naturally occurring element
found throughout the earth's crust and the levels were below the MCL at all times.
For uranium, the PHG is 0.43 pico curies /liter and MCL is 20 pico curies /liter. Lab studies detected
low levels of uranium in the City's groundwater wells averaging less than 2.0 pico curies /liter from
2010 -2012. In the water purchased from MWD, uranium was detected in average of 2.4 pico
curies /liter. The levels from both sources were below the MCL at all times.
Coliform bacteria is an indicator organism that is used to determine the effectiveness of water
disinfection efforts. It is not unusual for a public water system to have an occasional positive
sample. The MCL for coliform is 5% positive samples in any month and the MCLG is zero. For
this reporting period, Tustin's water system had a highest monthly positive sample of 2% and the
levels were below the MCL at all times.
While there is no drinking water MCL for lead and copper, the California Department of Public
Health (CDPH) has adopted a not be exceed action level for lead and copper at the g0`h percentile
value of all samples from household taps. Based on 2012 sampling data from Tustin's water
system, the g0`h percentile values for lead and copper were no more than 7 parts per billion and
0.38 parts per million, respectively. This value exceeds the PHG level of 2 parts per billion for lead
and 0.17 parts per million for copper, but is lower than the regulatory action level of 15 parts per
billion for lead and 1.3 parts per million for copper.
The drinking water quality of the City of Tustin Water Services meets all CDPH and USEPA
drinking water standards set to protect public health. Consequently, no further action is required by
the City and staff is requesting the City Council to approve the report upon the conclusion of the
public hearing. /
Stack, P.E.
Public Works /City Engineer
Attachment(s): 1. Public Health Goals (PHGs) 2010 -2012 Report
2. Consumer Confidence Reports 2011, 2012, 2013
ATTACHMENT 1
TUSTIN
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BUILDING OUR Furuftt
HONORING OUR PAST
CITY OF TUSTIN
2013 PUBLIC HEALTH GOAL REPORT
June 2013
861 Village Oaks Drive,Suite 100 •Covina,California 91724
Phone:(626)967-6202 • FAX:(626)331-7065 • Web site:www.stetsonengineers.com
Northern California • Southern California • New Mexico • Arizona • Nevada • Colorado
STETSON
ENGINEERS INC.
2013 Public Health Goal Report
City of Tustin
1.0 Introduction
Under the Calderon-Sher Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996 public water systems in
California serving greater than 10,000 service connections must prepare a report
containing information on 1) detection of any contaminant in drinking water at a level
exceeding a Public Health Goal (PHG) 2) estimate of costs to remove detected
contaminants to below the PHG using Best Available Technology (BAT), and 3) health
risks for each contaminant exceeding a PHG. This report must be made available to
the public every three years. The initial report was due on July 1, 1998, and
subsequent reports are due every three years thereafter.
This report has been prepared to address the requirements set forth in Section 116470
of the California Health and Safety Code. It is based on water quality analyses during
calendar years 2010, 2011, and 2012 or, if certain analyses were not performed during
those years, the most recent data available. The report has been designed to be as
informative as possible, without unnecessary duplication of information contained in the
Consumer Confidence Reports, which are mailed to customers by July 1st of each year.
There are no regulations explaining requirements for the preparation of PHG reports. A
workgroup of the Association of California Water Agencies (ACWA) Water Quality
Committee has prepared suggested guidelines for water utilities to use in preparing
PHG reports. The ACWA guidelines were used in the preparation of this report. These
guidelines include tables of cost estimates for BAT. The State of California (State)
provides ACWA with numerical health risks and category of health risk information for
contaminants with PHGs. This health risk information is appended to the ACWA
guidelines.
2.0 California Drinking Water Regulatory Process
California Health and Safety Code Section 116365 requires the State to develop a PHG
for every contaminant with a primary drinking water standard or for any contaminant the
State is proposing to regulate with a primary drinking water standard. A PHG is the
level which poses no significant health risk if consumed for a lifetime. The process of
establishing a PHG is a risk assessment based strictly on human health considerations.
PHGs are recommended targets and are not required to be met by any public water
system.
The State office designated to develop PHGs is the California Environmental Protection
Agency's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). The PHG is
then forwarded to the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) Division of
Drinking Water and Environmental Management for use in revising or developing a
Stetson Engineers Inc. 1 City of Tustin, 2013 PHG Report
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) in drinking water. The MCL is the highest level of a
contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. California MCLs cannot be less stringent
than federal MCLs and must be as close as is technically and economically feasible to
the PHGs. CDPH is required to take treatment technologies and cost of compliance into
account when setting an MCL. Each MCL is reviewed at least once every five years.
Total chromium and two radiological contaminants (gross alpha particle and gross beta
particle) have MCLs but do not yet have designated PHGs. For these contaminants,
the Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG), the federal U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA) equivalent of PHGs, is used in the PHG Report.
N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) has a PHG of 3 nanograms per liter and 1,2,3-
trichloropropane (1 ,2,3-TCP) has a PHG of 0.7 nanogram per liter but both are not
regulated in drinking water with a primary drinking water standard.
Bromodichloromethane, bromoform, and dichloroacetic acid are three disinfection
byproducts that have federal MCLGs of zero but are not individually regulated with
primary drinking water standards. According to the ACWA guidance and instructions
from CDPH, these five chemicals do not have to be included in the PHG Report
because they do not have an existing MCL.
3.0 Identification of Contaminants
Section 116470(b)(1) of the Health and Safety Code requires public water systems
serving more than 10,000 service connections to identify each contaminant detected in
drinking water that exceeded the applicable PHG. Section 116470(f) requires the
MCLG to be used for comparison if there is no applicable PHG.
The City of Tustin water system has approximately 14,000 service connections. The
following constituents were detected at one or more locations within the drinking water
system at levels that exceeded the applicable PHGs or MCLGs:
• Arsenic — naturally-occurring in local groundwater and in surface water
purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD)
• Copper— corrosion of residential plumbing
• Gross alpha particle activity (gross alpha) — naturally-occurring in surface
water purchased from MWD
• Gross beta particle activity (gross beta) — naturally-occurring in surface water
purchased from MWD; not required to be tested in groundwater
• Lead — corrosion of residential plumbing
• Total Coliform Bacteria — naturally-occurring in local groundwater and can also
be an indicator of the presence of other pathogenic organisms originating from
sewage, livestock or other wildlife.
• Uranium — naturally-occurring in surface water purchased from MWD.
The accompanying chart shows the applicable PHG or MCLG and MCL or Action Level
(AL) for each contaminant identified above. The chart includes the minimum, maximum,
Stetson Engineers Inc. 2 City of Tustin, 2013 PHG Report
and average concentrations of each contaminant in drinking water supplied by the City
of Tustin in calendar years 2010 through 2012. Copper and lead are regulated by an
AL, not an MCL, and is tested from samples collected at selected customers' indoor
faucets or taps. The AL is the concentration of copper or lead, which if exceeded in
more than 10 percent of the tap samples, triggers treatment or other requirements that a
water system must follow. The chart shows the 90th percentile concentration of copper
and lead observed during the most recent round of at-the-tap sampling.
4.0 Numerical Public Health Risks
Section 116470(b)(2) of the Health and Safety Code requires disclosure of the
numerical public health risk, determined by OEHHA, associated with the MCLs, ALs,
PHGs and MCLGs. Available numerical health risks developed by OEHHA for the
contaminants identified above are shown on the accompany chart. Only numerical risks
associated with cancer-causing chemicals have been quantified by OEHHA.
Arsenic — OEHHA has determined that the theoretical health risk associated with the
PHG is one excess case of cancer in a million people and the risk associated with the
MCL is 2 excess cases of cancer in 1,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime.
Copper — OEHHA has not established a numerical health risk for copper because
PHGs for non-carcinogenic chemicals in drinking water are set at a concentration at
which no known or anticipated adverse health risks will occur, with an adequate margin
of safety.
Gross Alpha — USEPA has determined that the theoretical health risk associated with
the MCLG is 0 and the risk associated with the MCL is 1 excess case of cancer in 1,000
people over a lifetime exposure.
Gross Beta — USEPA has determined that the health risk associated with the MCLG is
0 and the risk associated with the MCL is 2 excess cases of cancer in 1,000 people
over a lifetime exposure.
Lead — OEHHA has determined that the theoretical health risk associated with the PHG
is three excess case of cancer in 100 million people and the risk associated with the AL
is 2 excess cases of cancer in a million people exposed over a 70-year lifetime.
Total Coliform Bacteria — USEPA has determined that the health risk associated with
the MCLG is 0.
Uranium — OEHHA has determined that the theoretical health risk associated with the
PHG is one excess case of cancer in a million people and the risk associated with the
MCL is 5 excess cases of cancer in 100,000 people exposed over a 70-year lifetime.
Stetson Engineers Inc. 3 City of Tustin, 2013 PHG Report
5.0 Identification of Risk Categories
Section 116470(b)(3) of the Health and Safety Code requires identification of the
category of risk to public health associated with exposure to the contaminant in drinking
water, including a brief, plainly worded description of those terms. The risk categories
and definitions for the contaminants identified above are shown on the accompanying
chart.
6.0 Description of Best Available Technology
Section 116470(b)(4) of the Health and Safety Code requires a description of the BAT, if
any is available on a commercial basis, to remove or reduce the concentrations of the
contaminants identified above. The BATs are shown on the accompanying chart.
7.0 Costs of Using Best Available Technologies and Intended Actions
Section 116470(b)(5) of the Health and Safety Code requires an estimate of the
aggregate cost and cost per customer of utilizing the BATs identified to reduce the
concentration of a contaminant to a level at or below the PHG or MCLG. In addition,
Section 116470(b)(6) requires a brief description of any actions the water purveyor
intends to take to reduce the concentration of the contaminant and the basis for that
decision.
The City of Tustin operates two existing treatment facilities (Main Street Treatment Plant
and 17th Street Desalter) that treat nitrate and perchlorate in groundwater from five
wells, using ion exchange and reverse osmosis.
Arsenic — The BATs for removal of arsenic in water for large water systems are:
activated alumina, coagulation/filtration, electrodialysis, ion exchange, lime softening,
oxidation/filtration, and reverse osmosis. Arsenic was detected above the PHG in one
of the City of Tustin's groundwater wells (Vandenberg Well). The City of Tustin is in
compliance with the MCL for arsenic. The estimated cost to reduce arsenic levels in
groundwater to below the PHG of 0.004 microgram per liter (pg/I) using ion exchange
was calculated. Because the CDPH detection limit for purposes of reporting (DLR) for
arsenic is 2 pg/I, treating arsenic to below the PHG level means treating arsenic to
below the DLR of 2 pg/I. There are numerous factors that may influence the actual cost
of reducing arsenic levels to the PHG. Achieving the water quality goal for arsenic
could range from $716,000 to $10,233,000 per year, or between $51 and $727 per
household per year. (Note: The existing ion exchange treatment system at the Main
Street Treatment Plant does not process water from the Vandenberg Well.)
Copper — USEPA has determined the BAT to reduce copper in drinking water to be
corrosion control optimization. This method is capable of bringing a water system into
compliance with the AL of copper at 1,300 pg/I. The City of Tustin water system is
already in compliance with the copper AL, meets all State and federal requirements,
and is therefore deemed by CDPH to have optimized corrosion control. Further
Stetson Engineers Inc. 4 City of Tustin, 2013 PHG Report
corrosion control optimization would be incapable of achieving the PHG; therefore, the
cost of reducing copper to the PHG level cannot be estimated.
The principal reason for this is that the largest source of copper in tap water is the pipe
and fixtures in the customer's own household plumbing. Copper has not been detected
in the City of Tustin's source waters. Factors that increase the amount of copper in the
water include:
• Household faucets or fittings made of brass;
• Copper plumbing materials;
• Homes less than five years old or constructed before 1980;
• Water supplied to the home is naturally soft or corrosive; or
• Water often sits in the household plumbing for several hours.
The City of Tustin collected extensive lead and copper tap samples in 2012. The
copper levels in over 90 percent of the most recent samples were below the AL. The
City of Tustin will continue to monitor the water quality parameters that relate to
corrosivity, such as pH, hardness, alkalinity and total dissolved solids, and will take
action if necessary to maintain the water system in an optimized corrosion control
condition.
Gross Alpha, Gross Beta, and Uranium — The only BAT for the removal of gross
alpha in water for large water systems is reverse osmosis, which can also remove gross
beta and uranium, if detected. Gross alpha and gross beta were detected above the
MCLG in the surface water supplied by MWD. Uranium was detected above the PHG in
five of the City of Tustin's groundwater wells (17th Street Well 4, Newport Well 3,
Pasadena Well, Prospect Well, and Yorba Street Well) and in water supplied by MWD.
The cost of providing treatment using reverse osmosis to reduce gross alpha levels in
MWD water to the MCLG of 0 picoCurie per liter (pCi/I) (and consequently gross beta in
MWD water and uranium in groundwater and MWD water below the MCLG and PHG,
respectively) was calculated. Because the DLR for gross alpha is 3 pCi/I, treating gross
alpha to 0 pCi/I means treating it to below the DLR of 3 pCi/I. Achieving the water
quality goal for gross alpha could range from $1,571,000 to $13,463,000 per year, or
between $112 and $957 per household per year. (Note: The existing reverse osmosis
system at the 17th Street Desalter also processes water from 17th Street Well 4 and
Newport Well 3; therefore, the costs calculated above for providing treatment using
reverse osmosis do not include water from these two wells.)
Lead — USEPA has determined the BAT to reduce lead in drinking water to be corrosion
control optimization. This method is capable of bringing a water system into compliance
with the AL of lead at 15 pg/I. The City of Tustin water system is already in compliance
with the lead AL, meets all State and federal requirements, and is therefore deemed by
CDPH to have optimized corrosion control. Further corrosion control optimization would
be incapable of achieving the PHG; therefore, the cost of reducing lead to the PHG level
cannot be estimated.
Stetson Engineers Inc. 5 City of Tustin, 2013 PHG Report
The principal reason for this is that the largest source of lead in tap water is the pipe
and fixtures in the customer's own household plumbing. Lead has not been detected in
the City of Tustin's source waters. Factors that increase the amount of lead in the water
include:
• Household faucets or fittings made of brass;
• Lead plumbing materials;
• Homes less than five years old or constructed before 1980;
• Water supplied to the home is naturally soft or corrosive; or
• Water often sits in the household plumbing for several hours.
The City of Tustin collected extensive lead and copper tap samples in 2012. The lead
levels in over 90 percent of the most recent samples were below the AL. The City of
Tustin will continue to monitor the water quality parameters that relate to corrosivity,
such as pH, hardness, alkalinity and total dissolved solids, and will take action if
necessary to maintain the water system in an optimized corrosion control condition.
Total Coliform Bacteria — The BAT for removal of coliform bacteria in drinking water
has been determined by USEPA to be disinfection. The City of Tustin already disinfects
all water served to the public. Chlorine is used to disinfect the water because it is an
effective disinfectant and residual concentrations can be maintained to guard against
biological contamination in the water distribution system.
Coliform bacteria are indicator organisms that are ubiquitous in nature. They are a
useful tool because of the ease in monitoring and analysis. The City of Tustin collects
weekly samples for total coliforms at various locations in the distribution system and
monthly at each well. If coliform bacteria are detected in the drinking water sample, it
indicates a potential problem that needs to be investigated and followed up with
additional sampling. It is not unusual for a system to have an occasional positive
sample. Although USEPA set the MCLG for total coliforms at zero percent positive,
there is no commercially available technology that will guarantee zero percent positive
every single month; therefore, the cost of achieving the PHG cannot be estimated.
The City of Tustin will continue several programs that are now in place to prevent
contamination of the water supply with microorganisms. These include:
• Disinfection using chlorine and maintenance of a chlorine residual at every point
in the distribution system
• Monitoring throughout the distribution system to verify the absence of total
coliforms and the presence of a protective chlorine residual
• Flushing program in which water pipelines known to have little use are flushed to
remove stagnant water and bring in fresh water with residual disinfectant
• Cross-connection control program that prevents the accidental entry of non-
disinfected water into the drinking water system.
Stetson Engineers Inc. 6 City of Tustin, 2013 PHG Report
All Contaminants — In addition, a cost estimate to treat all water produced or
purchased by the City of Tustin using reverse osmosis to remove all the contaminants
detected above the PHGs or MCLGs was calculated (excluding the 17th Street Well 4
and Newport Well 3 water which is currently processed by the reverse osmosis system
at the 17th Street Desalter). All the contaminants listed in the attached table may be
removed to non-detectable levels by reverse osmosis, except copper and lead. As
shown on the attached table, achieving the water quality goals for all contaminant,
except for copper and lead, using reverse osmosis could range from $1,980,000 to
$16,965,000 per year, or between $141 and $1,206 per household per year.
For additional information, please contact Mr. Art Valenzuela at (714) 573-3382, or
write to the City of Tustin Water Services, 300 Centennial Way, Tustin, California
90780.
Stetson Engineers Inc. 7 City of Tustin, 2013 PHG Report
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ATTACHMENT 2
Your 2011
Water Quality Report
Drinking Water Quality
ince 1990, California public water utilities have been
providing an annual Water Quality Report to their customers.
This year's report covers calendar year 2010 drinking water
quality testing and reporting. The City of Tustin Water Services
Division vigilantly safeguards its water supply and, as in years
past, the water delivered to your home meets the quality
standards required by federal and state regulatory agencies. The
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ( USEPA) and the
California Department of Public Health (CDPH) are the agencies
responsible for establishing and enforcing drinking water quality
standards.
In some cases, the City goes beyond what is required by
testing for unregulated chemicals that may have known health
risks but do not have drinking water standards. For example, the
Orange County Water District (OCWD), which manages the
groundwater basin, and the Metropolitan Water District of
Southern California ( MWDSC), which supplies imported treated
surface water to the City, test for unregulated chemicals in our
water supply. Unregulated chemical monitoring helps USEPA and
CDPH determine where certain chemicals occur and whether
new standards need to be established for those chemicals.
Through drinking water quality testing programs carried out
by OCWD for groundwater, MWDSC for treated surface water
and the Tustin Water Services Division for the distribution
system, your drinking water is constantly monitored from source
to tap for regulated and unregulated constituents.
The State allows us to monitor for some contaminants less
than once per year because the concentrations of these
contaminants do not change frequently. Some of our data,
though representative, are more than one year old.
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The Quality of Your
Water is Our
Primary Concern
Nitrate Advisory
At times, nitrate in your tap water may have exceed-
ed one -half the MCL, but it was never greater than the
MCL of 45 milligrams per liter (mg/L). Nitrate in your
drinking water in 2010 ranged from non - detect to 38
mg/L. The following advisory is issued because in 2010
we recorded nitrate measurements in the drinking
water supply which exceeded one -half the nitrate MCL.
Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 45 mg/L is
a health risk for infants of less than six months of age.
Such nitrate levels in drinking water can
interfere with the capacity of the infant's
blood to carry oxygen, resulting in a
serious illness; symptoms include shortness
of breath and blueness of the skin. Nitrate
What are Water Quality Standards?
Drinking water standards established by USEPA and CDPH set
limits for substances that may affect consumer health or
aesthetic qualities of drinking water. The chart in this report
shows the following types of water quality standards:
0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level
of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. Primary
MCLs are set as close to the PIEGs (or MCLGs) as is
economically and technologically feasible.
0 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL): The
highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.
There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant
is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
0 Secondary MCLs are set to protect the odor, taste, and
appearance of drinking water.
0 Primary Drinking Water Standard: MCLs for contami-
nants that affect health along with their monitoring and
reporting requirements and water treatment requirements.
0 Regulatory Action Level (AL): The concentration of a
contaminant, which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other
requirements that a water system must follow.
How are Contaminants Measured?
Water is sampled and tested throughout the year.
Contaminants are measured in:
0 parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/L)
0 parts per billion (ppb) or micrograms per liter µg/L)
0 parts per trillion (ppt) or nanograms per liter mg/L)
What is a Water Quality Goal?
In addition to mandatory water quality standards, USEPA and
CDPH have set voluntary water quality goals for some con-
taminants. Water quality goals are often set at such low levels
that they are not achievable in practice and are not directly
measurable. Nevertheless, these goals provide useful guide-
posts and direction for water management practices. The
chart in this report includes three types of water quality goals:
0 Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level
of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no
known or expected risk to health. MCLGs are set by USEPA.
0 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG):
The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there
is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not
reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control
microbial contaminants.
0 Public Health Goal (PHG): The level of a contaminant in
drinking water below which there is no (mown or expected
risk to health. PIEGs are set by the California Environmental
Protection Agency.
levels above 45 mg/L may also
affect the ability of the blood to carry
oxygen in other individuals, such as
pregnant women and those with
certain specific enzyme deficiencies.
If you are caring for an infant, or you
are pregnant, you should ask advice
from your health care provider.
Drinking Water Fluoridation
Fluoride has been added to U.S. drinking water
supplies since 1945. Of the 50 largest cities in the
U.S., 43 fluoridate their drinking water. In December
2007, MWDSC joined a majority of the nation's public
water suppliers in adding fluoride to drinking water in
order to prevent tooth decay. In line with recommen-
dations from the CDPH, as
well as the U.S. Centers for
up T
Disease Control and
Prevention, MWDSC
adjusted the natural fluoride
level in imported treated
water from the Colorado
River and State Project water
to the optimal range for
dental health of 0.7 to 1.3 parts per million. Our local
water is not supplemented with fluoride. Fluoride
levels in drinking water are limited under California
state regulations at a maximum dosage of 2 parts per
million.
There are many places to go for additional informa-
tion about the fluoridation of drinking water:
Alpha Radiation (pCi /L) 15 (0) ND 5.6 ND -9.3 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
Beta Radiation (pCi /L)
50
(0)
ND
4.3
ND -6.4
No
Decay of Man -made or Natural Deposits
Combined Radium (pCi /L) 5
Uranium (pCi /L) 20
Inorganic Chemicals - Tested in 2010
Aluminum (ppm) 1
(0)
0.43
0.6
<1
2.0
ND
ND
3.3
0.17
ND -1.1
ND -4.4
ND-
2.3
No
No
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Treatment Process Residue, Natural Deposits
Arsenic(ppb)
10 0.004
<2
2.3
ND -3.2
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Barium (ppm)
1
2
ND
0.11
ND -0.12
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Fluoride (ppm)
treatment- related*
Control Range 0.7 -1.3 ppm NR
Optimal Level 0.8 ppm
0.8
0.4-1.0
No
Erosion of natural deposits
Fluoride (ppm)
2
1
0.15
NR
ND -0.21
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Nitrate (ppm as NO3)
45
45
21
ND
ND
-38
No
Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
Nitrate +Nitrite (ppm as N)
10
10
4.7
ND
ND-
8.6
No
Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
Selenium (ppb)
50
30
<5
ND
ND
-11
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Secondary Standards* -Tested in 2010
Aluminum (ppb)
200*
600
ND
170
ND-
230
No
Treatment Process Residue, Natural Deposits
Chloride (ppm)
500*
n/a
127
93
54-323
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Color (color units)
15*
n/a
ND
1
ND-
2
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Odor (threshold odor number)
3*
n/a
ND
2
ND-
2
No
Naturally- occurring Organic Materials
Specific Conductance(pmho /cm)
1,600*
n/a
1,076
970
460 -2,050
No
Substances that Form Ions in Water
Sulfate (ppm)
500*
n/a
155
230
80.6
-276
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Total Dissolved Solids (ppm)
1,000*
n/a
654
590
372 -
1,270
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Turbidity (mu) 5* n/a 0.26
Unregulated Contaminants Requiring Monitoring - Tested in 2010
Alkalldrty, total (ppm as CaCO3) Not Regulated n/a 192
0.04
110
ND -0.70
67-
260
No
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Boron (ppb)
Not Regulated
n/a
<100
120
ND-
210
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Calcium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
110
66
39-
216
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Hardness, total (ppm as CaCO3)
Not Regulated
n/a
387
270
117 -805
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Magnesium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
27
27
4.8
-65
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
pH (pH units)
Not Regulated
n/a
7.7
7.9
7.3-8.0
n/a
Acidity, hydrogen ions
Potassium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
2.2
4.7
1.7 -
4.8
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Sodium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
80
95
50-
156
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Total Organic Carbon (ppm)
Not Regulated
TT
<03
2.2
ND-
2.3
n/a
Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
Vanadium (ppb)
Not Regulated
n/a
<3
3.4
ND -6.5
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
ppb = parts - per -billion, ppm = parts - per -million, ppt = parts - per - trillion; pCi /L = picoCuries per liter, ntu
NR = Not Required to be analyzed, ND =not detected, <= average is lessthan the detection limit for reporting
PHG = California Public Health Goal, n/a =not applicable, TT= treatment technique *Contaminant
Turbidity - combined filter effluent Treatment
Metropolitan Water District Diemen Filtration Plant Technique
1) Highest single turbidity measurement 0.3 NTU
2) Percentage of samples less than 0.3 NTU 95%
= nephelometric turbidity units, pmho /cm = mlcromhos
purposes, MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level,
is regulated by a secondary standard.
Turbidity TIF
Measurements Violation?
0.08 No
100% No
per centimeter,
(MCLG) = federal MCL Goal,
Typical Source
of Contaminant
Soil run -off
Soil run -off
Turbidity Is a measure of the cloudiness of the water, an indication of particulate matter, some of which might include harmful microorganisms.
Lowturbidity in Metropolitan's treated water is a good indicator of effective filtration. Filtration is called a'treatment technique" (TT).
A treatment technique Is a required process Intended to reduce the level of contaminants In drinking water that are difficult and sometimes Impossible to measure directly
U.S. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention
1- 800 - 232 -4636
www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/
American Water Works Association
www.awwa.org
California Department of Public Health
www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/drinkingwater/
Pages /Fluoridation.aspx
For more information about Metropolitan's
fluoridation program, please contact Edgar G. Dymally
at (213) 217 -5709 or at edymally @mwdh2o.com.
Entrained Air
If your tap water has a slightly
"milky" appearance, you're probably
experiencing an interesting but
harmless phenomenon known as
"entrained air." The milky color in
the water caused by tiny air bubbles
is harmless and is related to the
operation of City wells. The air is
dissolved under pressure in the
groundwater, much like carbon
dioxide in a bottle of soda. If your tap water is milky -
colored and you want to confirm you are experiencing
entrained air, rinse out a clear glass twice and then fill
it with cold tap water. After a few moments, the water
should begin to clear from the bottom of the glass to
the top as the bubbles rise to the surface. If the water
does not clear, please contact us.
About Lead in Tap Water
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious
health problems, especially for pregnant women and
young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily
from materials and
components associated with
service lines and home
plumbing. The City of Tustin
Water Services is responsible
for providing high quality
drinking water, but cannot
control the variety of materials
used in plumbing components.
When your water has been
sitting for several hours, you
can minimize the potential for
lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to
2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking.
If you are concerned about lead in your water,
you may wish to have your water tested. Information
on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps
you can take to minimize exposure is available from
the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at (800) 426 -4791,
or on the web at www.epa.gov /safewater /lead.
Source Water Assessments
Imported (MWDSC) Water Assessment
Every five years, MWDSC is required by CDPH to
examine possible sources of drinking water contami-
nation in its State Water Project and Colorado River
source waters.
MWDSC's most recent Watershed Sanitary Surveys
were completed in December 2006 (Colorado River)
and June 2007 (State Water Project). Both source
waters are exposed to stormwater runoff, recreational
activities, wastewater discharges, wildlife, fires, and
other watershed - related factors that could affect
water quality.
Want Additional Information? There's a wealth of information on the internet about Drinking Water Quality and
water issues in general. Some good sites both local and national to begin your own research are:
City of Tustin: www.tustinca.org • Municipal Water District of Orange County: www.mwdoc.com
Orange County Water District: www.ocwd.com • Water Education Foundation: www.watereducation.org
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California: www.mwdh2o.com
California Department of Public Health, Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management:
www. cdph .ca.gov /certlic /drinkingwater
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: www.epa.gov /safewater/
California Department of Water Resources: www.water.ca.gov
Water Conservation Tips: www.bewatervrise.com • www.wateruseitwisely.com
Total Trihalomethanes (ppb) 80 12 ND— 53 No Byproducts of Chlorine Disinfection
HaloaceticAcids (ppb) 60 5 ND— 29 No Byproducts of Chlorine Disinfection
Chlorine Residual pp 0.9 r No Disinfectant Added forTreatment
r 0.02-0.18 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
Sixteen locations in the distribution system are tested quarterly for total trilhalomethanes and haloacedc acids; t�enty locations are tested morthlyfor color, odor and turbidity
C olor and osl not detected in 2010 MRDL — Maximum Residual Disinfectant
Contaminant is regulated by a secondary standard to maintain aesthetic qualities (taste, odor, color)
Highest Monthly MCL Typical Source
Bacterial Quality MCL MCLG Positive Samples Violation? of Contaminant
Total r 3.2% No Naturally present
No more than 5% ofthe monthly samples may be positive fortotal coliform bacteria
The occurrence of2 consecutive total coliform positive samples, one of4ich contains fecal coliform/E. coh, constitutes an acute MCL violation
Lead and Copper Action Levels at Residential Taps
Action Level Health 90th Percentile Sites Exceeding AL / AL Typical Source
(AL) Goal Value Number of Sites Violation? of Contaminant
Lead p r 2134 No Corrosion of Household Plumbing
Copper pp r r 0/34 No Corrosion of Household Plumbing
Lead and copper at- the -tap samples were collected from 34 residences In 2009.
Lead was detected above the regulatory Action Level In two homes. Copperwas not detected above the Action Level.
A regulatory action level Isthe concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded in more than 10 percent of the samples, triggers treatment or other requirements that a water system must follow
■
Water from the Colorado River is
considered to be most vulnerable to
contamination from recreation, urban/
stormwater runoff, increasing urbanization
in the watershed, and wastewater. Water
supplies from Northern California's State
Water Project are most vulnerable to
contamination from urban/ stormwater
runoff, wildlife, agriculture, recreation, and
wastewater.
A copy of the summary of either Water-
shed Sanitary Survey can be obtained by
calling MWDSC at (213) 217 -6850.
Groundwater Assessment
An assessment of the drinking water
sources for the City of Tustin Water
Services was completed in December 2002.
The groundwater sources are considered
most vulnerable to the following activities
not associated with detected contaminants:
Confirmed leaking underground storage
tanks, dry cleaners, and gas stations. The
groundwater sources are considered most
vulnerable to the following activities
associated with contaminants detected in
the water supply: Known contaminant
plumes, historic agricultural activities and
application of fertilizers, and sewer
collection systems.
A copy of the complete assessment is
available at Department of Public Health
Office of Drinking Water, Santa Ana
District, 28 Civic Center Plaza Room 325,
Santa Ana, California 92701. You may
request a summary of the assessment by
contacting the City of Tustin Water Services
at (714) 573 -3382.
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2o12
QMATER
UALITY
REPORT
I ;�
CITY
of TUSTIN
WAXER SERVICES
Your 2012
Water Quality Report
Drinking Water Quality
Jnce 1990, California public water utilities have been
providing an annual Water Quality Report to their customers.
This year's report covers calendar year 2011 drinking water
quality testing and reporting. The City of Tustin Water Services
Division (City) vigilantly safeguards its water supply and, as in
years past, the water delivered to your home meets the quality
standards required by federal and state regulatory agencies.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ( USEPA) and the
California Department of Public Health (CDPH) are the agencies
responsible for establishing and enforcing drinking water quality
standards.
In some cases, the City goes beyond what is required by
testing for unregulated chemicals that may have known health
risks but do not have drinking water standards. For example, the
Orange County Water District (OCWD), which manages the
groundwater basin, and the Metropolitan Water District of
Southern California ( MWDSC), which supplies imported treated
surface water to the City, test for unregulated chemicals in our
water supply. Unregulated chemical monitoring helps USEPA and
CDPH determine where certain chemicals occur and whether
new standards need to be established for those chemicals.
Through drinking water quality testing programs carried out
by OCWD for groundwater, MWDSC for treated surface water
and the City for the distribution system, your drinking water is
constantly monitored from source to tap for regulated and
unregulated constituents.
The State allows us to monitor for some contaminants less
than once per year because the concentrations of these
contaminants do not change frequently. Some of our data,
though representative, are more than one year old.
Imported water from the Colorado River travels over 240 miles to get to Orange County.
Along the way, it is lifted over 1,600 feet by a series of five pumping plants. Shown here,
the Gene Pumping Station near the Colorado River boosts the water over 300 feet. From
there, it flows through a series of canals, pipes, and tunnels, across the Mojave Desert and
beneath the San Jacinto Mountains, on its way to meet the needs
of the people of southern California.
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The Quality of Your
Water is Our
Primary Concern
Drinking Water Fluoridation
Fluoride has been added to U.S. drinking water
supplies since 1945. Of the 50 largest cities in the
U.S., 43 fluoridate their drinking water. In December
2007, MWDSC joined a majority of the nation's public
water suppliers in adding fluoride to drinking water in
order to prevent tooth decay. In line with recommen-
dations from the CDPH, as well as the U.S. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, MWDSC adjusted the
natural fluoride level in imported treated water from
the Colorado River and State Project water
to the optimal range for dental health of
0.7 to 1.3 parts per million. Our local water
is not supplemented with fluoride. Fluoride
levels in drinking water are limited under
What are Water Quality Standards?
Drinking water standards established by USEPA and CDPH set
limits for substances that may affect consumer health or
aesthetic qualities of drinking water. The chart in this report
shows the following types of water quality standards:
0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level
of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. Primary
MCLs are set as close to the PIEGs (or MCLGs) as is
economically and technologically feasible.
0 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL): The
highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.
There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant
is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
0 Secondary MCLs are set to protect the odor, taste, and
appearance of drinking water.
0 Primary Drinking Water Standard: MCLs for contami-
nants that affect health along with their monitoring and
reporting requirements and water treatment requirements.
0 Regulatory Action Level (AL): The concentration of a
contaminant, which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other
requirements that a water system must follow.
How are Contaminants Measured?
Water is sampled and tested throughout the year.
Contaminants are measured in:
0 parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/L)
0 parts per billion (ppb) or micrograms per liter µg/L)
0 parts per trillion hpt) or nanograms per liter mg/L)
What is a Water Quality Goal?
In addition to mandatory water quality standards, USEPA and
CDPH have set voluntary water quality goals for some con-
taminants. Water quality goals are often set at such low levels
that they are not achievable in practice and are not directly
measurable. Nevertheless, these goals provide useful guide-
posts and direction for water management practices. The
chart in this report includes three types of water quality goals:
0 Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level
of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no
known or expected risk to health. MCLGs are set by USEPA.
0 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG):
The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there
is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not
reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control
microbial contaminants.
0 Public Health Goal (PHG): The level of a contaminant in
drinking water below which there is no (mown or expected
risk to health. PIEGs are set by the California Environmental
Protection Agency.
California state regulations at a maximum dosage of
2 parts per million.
There are many places to go for additional informa-
tion about the fluoridation of drinking water:
U.S. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention
1- 800 - 232 -4636
www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/
American Water Works Association
www.awwa.org
California Department of Public Health
www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/drinkingwater/
Pages/Fluoridation.aspx
For more information about MWDSC's fluoridation
program, please contact Edgar G. Dymally at
(213) 217 -5709 or at edymally @mwdh2o.com.
About Lead in Tap Water
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious
health problems, especially for pregnant women and
voung children. Lead in drinking water is
Drimarily from materials and components
associated with service lines and home
plumbing. The City is responsible for
providing high quality drinking water,
but cannot control the variety of
materials used in plumbing components.
/Vhen your water has been sitting for
ral hours, you can minimize the
potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for
30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for
drinking or cooking.
If you are concerned about lead in your water,
Radiologicals -Tested in 2009 and 2011
Alpha Radiation (pCi /L)
15
(0)
ND
3
ND
-3
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Beta Radiation (pCi /L)
50
(0)
NR
<4
ND
-4
No
Decay of Man -made or Natural Deposits
Uranium (pCi /L)
20
0.43
2.0
2
ND-
4.4
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Inorganic Chemicals - Tested in 2010 and
2011
Aluminum (ppm)
1
0.6
ND
0.14
ND-
0.24
No
Treatment Process Residue, Natural Deposits
Arsenic (ppb)
10
0.004
<2
ND
ND-
2.7
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Fluoride (ppm)
treatment- related*
Control Range 0.7 - 1.3 ppm
Optimal Level 0.8 ppm
NR
0.8
0.5 -1.0
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Fluoride (ppm)
2
1
0.14
NR
ND -0.21
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Nltrate (ppm asNO3)
45
45
22
<2
15 -36
No
Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
Nitrate +Nitrite (ppm as N)
10
10
4.9
<0.4
3.3-8.2
No
Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
Perchlorate(ppb)
6
6
<4
ND
ND -8.1
No
Industrial Waste Discharge
Selenium (ppb)
50
30
<5
ND
ND-
11
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Secondary Standards* - Tested in 2010 and 2011
Aluminum (ppb)
200*
600
ND
140
ND-
240
No
Treatment Process Residue, Natural Deposits
Chloride (ppm)
500*
n/a
130
72
54 -320
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Color (color units)
15*
n/a
ND
1
ND
-1
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Odor (threshold odor number)
3*
n/a
ND
2
ND-
2
No
Naturally- occurring Organic Materials
Specific Conductance(pmho /cm)
1,600*
n/a
1,100
690
320 -2,100
No
Substances that Form Ions in Water
Sulfate (ppm)
500*
n/a
160
160
81 -
280
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Total Dissolved Solids (ppm)
1,000*
n/a
670
470
370 -1,300
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Turbidity (mu)
5*
n/a
0.21
0.05
ND -0.70
No
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Unregulated Contaminants Requiring Monitoring - Tested in 2010 and 2011
Alkahoty, total (ppm as CaCO3)
Not Regulated
n/a
190
90
48 -260
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Boron (ppb)
Not Regulated
n/a
100
130
ND-
210
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Calcium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
110
51
39-220
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Hardness, total (ppm as CaCO3)
Not Regulated
n/a
380
190
57 -810
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Magnesium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
27
20
4.8
-65
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
pH (pH units)
Not Regulated
n/a
7.7
8.0
7.0 -8.6
n/a
Acidity, Hydrogen Ions
Potassium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
2.3
3.8
1.7-4.0
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Sodium (ppm)
Not Regulated
n/a
87
72
50 -160
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
Total Organic Carbon (ppm)
Not Regulated
TT
<03
2.4
ND-
3.0
n/a
Runoff or Leaching from Natural Deposits
Vanadium (ppb)
Not Regulated
n/a
3.7
ND
ND-
6.5
n/a
Erosion of Natural Deposits
ppb = parts - per - billion; ppm = parts - per - million; pCi /L = picoCuries per liter, ntu = nephelometric turbidity units, pmho /cm = micromhos per centimeter; NR = Not Required to be analyzed,
ND = not detected, <= average Is less than the detection limit for reporting purposes, MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level, (MCLG) = federal MCL Goal; PHG = California Public Health Goal,
NL= Notification Level, n/a =not applicable, TT= treatment technique *Contaminant is regulated by a secondary standard.
Turbidity - combined filter effluent Treatment Turbidity TIF Typical Source
Metropolitan Water District Diemen Filtration Plant Technique Measurements Violation? of Contaminant
1) Highest single turbidity measurement 0.3 NTU 0.08 No Soil run -off
2) Percentage of samples less than
0.3 NTU
95%
100%
No
Soil run -off
Turbidity Is a measure of the cloudiness ofthe water, an indication of particulate matter, some of which might include harmful microorganisms.
Lowturbidityin Metropolitan's treated water is a good indicator of effective filtration. Filtration is called a'treatment technique' (7)
A treatment technique Is a required process Intended to reduce the level of contaminants In drinking water that are difficult and sometimes Impossible to measure directly
a
you may wish to have your water tested. Information
on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps
you can take to minimize exposure is available from
the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at (800) 426 -4791,
or on the web at www.epa.gov /safewater /lead.
Nitrate Advisory
At times, nitrate in your tap water may have exceed-
ed one -half the MCL, but it was never greater than the
MCL of 45 milligrams per liter (nil Nitrate in your
drinking water in 2011 ranged from 15 mg/L to 36 mg/L.
The following advisory is issued
because in 2011 we recorded nitrate
measurements in the drinking water
supply which exceeded one -half the
nitrate MCL.
Nitrate in drinking water at levels
above 45 mg/L is a health risk for
infants of less than six months of age.
Such nitrate levels in drinking water can interfere with
the capacity of the infant's blood to carry oxygen,
resulting in a serious illness; symptoms include
shortness of breath and blueness of the skin. Nitrate
levels above 45 mg/L may also affect the ability of the
blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as
pregnant women and those with certain specific
enzyme deficiencies. If you are caring for an infant, or
you are pregnant, you should ask advice from your
health care provider.
Entrained Air
If your tap water has a slightly "milky" appearance,
you're probably experiencing an interesting but
harmless phenomenon known as "entrained air." The
milky color in the water caused by tiny air bubbles is
harmless and is related to the
operation of City wells. The air
is dissolved under pressure in
the groundwater, much like
carbon dioxide in a bottle of
soda. If your tap water is milky -
colored and you want to confirm
you are experiencing entrained
air, rinse out a clear glass twice and then fill it with
cold tap water. After a few moments, the water should
begin to clear from the bottom of the glass to the top
as the bubbles rise to the surface. If the water does not
clear, please contact us.
Source Water Assessments
Imported (MWDSC) Water Assessment
Every five years, MWDSC is required by CDPH to
examine possible sources of drinking water
contamination in its State Water Project and Colorado
River source waters.
MWDSC has submitted to CDPH its 2010 updates to
the Watershed Sanitary Surveys for the Colorado River
and State Water Project, which include suggestions for
how to better protect these source waters. Both source
waters are exposed to stormwater runoff, recreational
activities, wastewater discharges, wildlife, fires, and
other watershed - related factors that could affect
water quality.
Water from the Colorado River is considered to be
most vulnerable to contamination from recreation,
urban/stormwater runoff, increasing urbanization in
the watershed, and wastewater. Water supplies from
Northern California's State Water Project are most
vulnerable to contamination from urban /stormwater
runoff, wildlife, agriculture, recreation, and
wastewater.
USEPA also requires MWDSC to complete one Source
Water Assessment (SWA) that utilizes
information collected in the watershed
sanitary surveys. MWDSC completed its
SWA in December 2002. The SWA is used
to evaluate the vulnerability of water sources
to contamination and helps determine
whether more protective measures are
needed.
A copy of the most recent summary of
either Watershed Sanitary Survey or the
SWA can be obtained by calling MWDSC at
(213) 217 -6850.
Want Additional Information? There's a wealth of information on the internet about Drinking Water Quality and
water issues in general. Some good sites both local and national to begin your own research are:
City of Tustin: www.tustinca.org • Municipal Water District of Orange County: www.mwdoc.com
Orange County Water District: www.ocwd.com • Water Education Foundation: www.watereducation.org
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California: www.mwdh2o.com
California Department of Public Health, Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management:
www.cdph .ca.gov /certlic /drinkingwater
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: www.epa.gov /safewater/
California Department of Water Resources: www.water.ca.gov
Water Conservation Tips: www.bewatervrise.com • www.wateruseitwisely.com
Total Trihalomethanes(ppb) 80 18 0.0 -63 No Byp rod Lots ofChIorineDisirlion
H a I o a cet i c Ad d s (ppb) 60 8.70 0.0 -41 No Byproducts of Chlorine Disinfection
Chlorine Residual (ppm) (4/4) 1.1 0.57 -2.0 No Disinfectant Added for Treatment
Aesthetic Quality
0.08 0.01-0.11 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
Sixteen locations in the distribution system are tested quarterly for total trilhalomethanes and haloacedc acids; t�enty locations are tested morthlyfor color, odor and turbidity
C 0 lor and osl not detected in 2011 ARDL — Maximum Residual Disinfectant
ntu — nephelometric turbidity units; IND — not detected *Contaminant is regulated by a secondary standard to maintain aesthetic qualities (taste, osdo� color)
Highest Monthly MCL Typical Source
Bacterial Quality MCL MCLG Positive Samples Violation? of Contaminant
Total r 1.2% No Naturally present
No more than 5% ofthe monthly samples may be positive fortotal coliform bacteria
The occurrence of2 consecutive total coliform positive samples, one of4ich contains fecal colifonm/Ecol� constitutes an acute MCLvioladon
Lead and Copper Action Levels at Residential Taps
Action Level Health 90th Percentile Sites Exceeding AL Typical Source
(AL) Goal Value Number of Sites of Contaminant
Lead p r r 2134 No Corrosion of Household Plumbing
Copper pp r r 0/34 No Corrosion of Household Plumbing
Lead and copper at- the -tap samples were collected from 34 residences In 2009. Lead was detected above the regulatory Action Level In two homes. Copper was not detected above the Action Love
A regulatory action level is the concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded in more than 10 percent of the samples, triggers treatment or other requirements that a water system must follow.
Groundwater Assessment
An assessment of the drinking water
sources for the City was completed in
December 2002. The groundwater sources
are considered most vulnerable to the
following activities not associated with
detected contaminants: confirmed leaking
underground storage tanks, dry cleaners,
and gas stations. The groundwater sources
are considered most vulnerable to the
following activities associated with
contaminants detected in the water supply:
known contaminant plumes, historic
agricultural activities and application of
fertilizers, and sewer collection systems.
A copy of the complete assessment is
available at Department of Public Health
Office of Drinking Water, Santa Ana
District, 28 Civic Center Plaza, Room 325,
Santa Ana, California 92701. You may
request a summary of the assessment by
contacting the City of Tustin Water Services
at (714) 573 -3382.
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Your 2013
Water Quality Report
Drinking Water Quality
ince 1990, California public water utilities have been
providing an annual Water Quality Report to their customers.
This year's report covers calendar year 2012 drinking water
quality testing and reporting. The City of Tustin Water Services
Division (City) vigilantly safeguards its water supply and, as in
years past, the water delivered to your home meets the quality
standards required by federal and state regulatory agencies.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ( USEPA) and the
California Department of Public Health (CDPH) are the agencies
responsible for establishing and enforcing drinking water quality
standards.
In some cases, the City goes beyond what is required by
testing for unregulated chemicals that may have known health
risks but do not have drinking water standards. For example, the
Orange County Water District (OCWD), which manages the
groundwater basin, and the Metropolitan Water District of
Southern California ( MWDSC), which supplies imported treated
surface water to the City, test for unregulated chemicals in our
water supply. Unregulated chemical monitoring helps USEPA and
CDPH determine where certain chemicals occur and whether
new standards need to be established for those chemicals.
Through drinking water quality testing programs carried out
by OCWD for groundwater, MWDSC for treated surface water
and the City for the distribution system, your drinking water is
constantly monitored from source to tap for regulated and
unregulated constituents.
The State allows us to monitor for some contaminants less
than once per year because the concentrations of these
contaminants do not change frequently. Some of our data,
though representative, are more than one year old.
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The Quality of
Your Water is Our
Primary Concern
Drinking Water Fluoridation
Fluoride has been added to U.S. drinking water
supplies since 1945. Of the 50 largest cities in the
U.S., 43 fluoridate their drinking water. In December
2007, MWDSC joined a majority of the nation's public
water suppliers in adding fluoride to drinking water in
order to prevent tooth decay. In line with recommen-
dations from the CDPH, as well as the U.S. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, MWDSC adjusted the
natural fluoride level in imported treated water from
the Colorado River and State Pro'ect water
California state regulations at a maximum dosage of
2 parts per million.
There are many places to go for additional informa-
tion about the fluoridation of drinking water:
U.S. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention
1- 800 - 232 -4636
www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/
American Water Works Association
www.awwa.org
California Department of Public Health
www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/drinkingwater/
Pages/Fluoridation.aspx
For more information about MWDSC's fluoridation
program, please contact Edgar G. Dymally at
(213) 217 -5709 or at edymally @mwdh2o.com.
About Lead in Tap Water
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious
health problems, especially for pregnant women and
young children. Lead in drinking water is
primarily from materials and components
associated with service lines and home
plumbing. The City is responsible for
providing high quality drinking water,
but cannot control the variety of
materials used in plumbing components.
i
When your water has been sitting for
several hours, you can minimize the
potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for
30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for
drinking or cooking.
If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may
to the optimal range for dental health of
0.7 to 1.3 parts per million. Our local water
is not supplemented with fluoride. Fluoride
levels in drinking water are limited under
What are Water Quality Stan dards?
Alpha Radiation (pCi /L) 15 (0) ND 3 ND -3 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
Drinking water standards established by USEPA and CDPH set
limits for substances that may affect consumer health or Beta Radiation (pCi /L) 50 (0) NR ND ND -4 No Decay of Man -made or Natural Deposits
aesthetic qualities of drinking water. The chart in this report Uranium (pCi /L) 20 0.43 2 2 ND- 4.4 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
shows the following types of water quality standards: Inorganic Chemicals - Tested in 2012
0 Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The highest level
of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. Primary Aluminum (ppm) 1 0.6 ND 0.15 ND -0.34 No Treatment Process Residue, Natural Deposits
MCLs are set as close to the PIEGs (or MCLGs) as is Fluoride (ppm) treatment - related* Control Range 0.7 -1.3 ppm NR 0.8 0.7-0.8 No Erosion of Natural Deposlts
economically and technologically feasible. Optimal Level 0.8 ppm
0 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL): The Fluoride (ppm) 2 1 0.16 NR ND- 0.23 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. Nitrate (ppm as NO3) 45 45 20 ND ND- 25 No Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant Nitrate +Nltrlte (ppm as N) 10 10 4.5 ND ND- 5.6 No Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
Selenium (ppb) 50 30 <5 ND ND- 8.6 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
0 Secondary MCLs are set to protect the odor, taste, and
appearance of drinkingwater. Secondary Standards* - Tested in 2012
0 Primary Drinking Water Standard: MCLs for contami- Aluminum (ppb) 200* 600 ND 150 ND- 340 No Treatment Process Residue, Natural Deposits
nants that affect health along with their monitoring and Chloride (ppm) 500* n/a 120 90 63 -320 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
reporting requirements and water treatment requirements.
Color (color units) 15* n/a ND 1 ND -1 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
0 Regulatory Action Level (AL): The concentration of a
Odor (threshold odor number) 3* n/a ND 2 ND -2 No Naturally occurring Organic Materials
contaminant, which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other
requirements that a water system must follow. Specific Conductance(pmho /cm) 1,600* n/a 1,100 780 340 -2,100 No Substances that Form Ions lnWater
Sulfate (ppm) 500* n/a 150 160 86 -280 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
How are Contaminants Measured? Total Dissolved Solids (ppm) 1,000* n/a 650 500 400 -1,300 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
Water is sampled and tested throughout the year. Turbldlty (NTU) 5* n/a 0.12 ND ND- 0.4 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
Contaminants are measured in:
0 parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/L) Unregulated Contaminants Requiring Monitoring - Tested in 2012
0 parts per billion (ppb) or micrograms per liter µg/L) Alkahoty, total (ppm as CaCO3) Not Regulated n/a 190 98 53-250 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
0 parts per trillion (ppt) or nanograms per liter mg/L) Boron (ppb) Not Regulated n/a <100 130 ND- 210 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
What is a Water Quality Goal? Calcium (ppm) Not Regulated u/a 100 51 49-220 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
and
In addition to mandatory water quality standards, USEPP, Hardness, total (ppm as CaCO3) Not Regulated n/a 370 210 84 -810 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
CDPH have set voluntary water quality goals for some con- Magnesium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 26 21 8.3-65 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
taminants. Water quality goals are often set at such low levels pH (pH units) Not Regulated n/a 7.8 8.1 7.3-8.4 n/a Acidity, Hydrogen Ions
that they are not achievable in practice and are not directly Potassium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 2.4 4 1.8 -4 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
measurable. Nevertheless, these goals provide useful guide- Sodium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 85 80 54 -160 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
posts and direction for water management practices. The
chart in this report includes three types of water quality goals: Total Organic Carbon (ppm) IT n/a 0.3 2.4 ND- 2.7 n/a Runoff or Leaching from Natural Deposlts
0 Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The level Vanadium (ppb) Not Regulated n/a 5.1 ND ND- 6.6 n/a Erosion of Natural Deposits
of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no ppb= parts - per - billion, ppm = parts - per - million, pCi /L= picoCuries per liter, NTU = nephelometric turbidity units, pmho /cm= mlcromhos per centimeter,
known or expected risk to health. MCLGs are set by USEPA. NR =not required to be tested, ND =not detected, NL= Notification Level, <= average is lessthan the detection limit for reporting purposes, MCL= Maximum Contaminant Level,
(MCLG)= federal MCI Goal, PHG = California Public Health Goal, n/a =not applicable, TT= treatment technique *Contaminant is regulated by a secondary standard.
0 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG):
The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there Turbidity - combined filter effluent Treatment Turbidity TIF Typical Source
is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not Metropolitan Water District Diemen Filtration Plant Technique Measurements Violation? of Contaminant
reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control
1) Highest single turbldl y measurement 0.3 NTU 0.04 No Sol run -off
microbial contaminants.
0 Public Health Goal (PHG): The level of a contaminant in 2) Percentage of samples less than 0.3 NTU 95% 100% No Soil run -off
drinking water below which there is no (mown or expected Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of the water, an indication of particulate matter, some of which might include harmful microorganisms .
risk to health. PIEGs are set by the California Environmental Low turbidity in Metropolitan's treated water is a good indicator of effective filtration. Filtration is called a "treatment technique" (TT).
A treatment technique Is a required process Intended to reduce the level of contaminants In drinking water that are dlffcult and sometimes Impossible to measure directly.
Protection Agency.
a
wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in
drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take
to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking
Water Hotline or at (800) 426 -4791, or on the web at
http://water.epa.gov/drink/infoAead/index.cfm.
Nitrate Advisory
At times, nitrate in your tap water may have exceed-
ed one -half the MCL, but it was never greater than the
MCL of 45 milligrams per liter (mg/L). Nitrate in your
drinking water in 2012 ranged from non - detect to
25 mg/L. The following advisory is
issued because in 2012 we recorded
nitrate measurements in the drinking
water supply which exceeded one -half
the nitrate MCL.
Nitrate in drinking water at levels
above 45 mg/L is a health risk for
infants of less than six months of age.
Such nitrate levels in drinking water can interfere with
the capacity of the infant's blood to carry oxygen,
resulting in a serious illness; symptoms include
shortness of breath and blueness of the skin. Nitrate
levels above 45 mg/L may also affect the ability of the
blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as
pregnant women and those with certain specific
enzyme deficiencies. If you are caring for an infant, or
you are pregnant, you should ask advice from your
health care provider.
Entrained Air
If your tap water has a slightly "milky" appearance,
you're probably experiencing an interesting but
harmless phenomenon known as "entrained air." The
milky color in the water caused by tiny air bubbles is
harmless and is related to the
operation of City wells. The air
is dissolved under pressure in
the groundwater, much like
carbon dioxide in a bottle of
soda. If your tap water is milky -
colored and you want to confirm
you are experiencing entrained
air, rinse out a clear glass twice and then fill it with
cold tap water. After a few moments, the water should
begin to clear from the bottom of the glass to the top
as the bubbles rise to the surface. If the water does not
clear, please contact us.
Source Water Assessments
Imported (MWDSC) Water Assessment
Every five years, MWDSC is required by CDPH to
examine possible sources of drinking water
contamination in its State Water Project and Colorado
River source waters.
In 2012, MWDSC submitted to CDPH its updated
Watershed Sanitary Surveys for the Colorado River and
State Water Project, which include suggestions for how
to better protect these source waters. Both source
waters are exposed to stormwater runoff, recreational
activities, wastewater discharges, wildlife, fires, and
other watershed - related factors that could affect water
quality.
Water from the Colorado River is considered to be
most vulnerable to contamination from recreation,
urban/stormwater runoff, increasing urbanization in
the watershed, and wastewater. Water supplies from
Northern California's State Water Project are most
vulnerable to contamination from urban /stormwater
runoff, wildlife, agriculture, recreation, and
wastewater.
USEPA also requires MWDSC to complete one Source
Water Assessment (SWA) that utilizes
information collected in the watershed
sanitary surveys. MWDSC completed its
SWA in December 2002. The SWA is used
to evaluate the vulnerability of water
sources to contamination and helps
determine whether more protective
measures are needed.
A copy of the most recent summary of
either Watershed Sanitary Survey or the
SWA can be obtained by calling MWDSC
at (213) 217 -6850.
Want Additional Information? There's a wealth of information on the internet about Drinking Water Quality and
water issues in general. Some good sites both local and national to begin your own research are:
City of Tustin: www.tustinca.org • Municipal Water District of Orange County: www.mwdoc.com
Orange County Water District: www.ocwd.com • Water Education Foundation: www.watereducation.org
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California: www.mwdh2o.com
California Department of Public Health, Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management:
www.cdph.ca. gov /certlic /drinkingwater /Pages /default.aspx
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: www.epa.gov /safewater
California Department of Water Resources: www.water.ca.gov
Water Conservation Tips: www.bewatervvise.com • www.wateruseitwisely.com
Total Trihalomethanes(ppb) 80 49 ND -60 No Byp rod Lots ofChIorineDisirlion
HaIoaceticAdds(ppb) 60 20 ND -23 No Byproducts of Chlorine Disinfection
Chlorine Residual pp r No Disinfectant Added forTreatment
goo
Turlhldht� (NTU) 5� 0.09 0.03-0.11 No Erosion of Natural Deposits
Eight ,' distribution 1, ,' ARDLG *Conta rant is regulated by a secondary standard to maintain aesthetic qualities (taste, osdo� color)
Highest Monthly MCL Typical Source
Bacterial Quality MCL MCLG Positive Samples Violation? of Contaminant
Total r present
No more than 5% ofthe monthly samples may be positive fortotal coliform bacteria
The occurrence of2 consecutive total coliform positive samples, one of4ich contains fecal coliform/E. coli, constitutes an acute MCL violation
Lead and Copper Action Levels at Residential Taps
Action Level Public 9oth Sites Exceeding AL / AL Typical Source
(AL) Health Goal Percentile Value Number of Sites Violation? of Contaminant
Lead p 0.2 7 1138 No Corrosion of Household Plumbing
Copper pp r 0.38 0/38 No Corrosion of Household Plumbing
Every three years, 38 residences are tested for lead and copper at- the -tap. The most recent set of samples were collected In 2012.
Lead was detected In nine homes, one exceeded the regulatory action Level. Copperwas detected In 30 homes, none exceeded the regulatory action leve
A regulatory action level is the concentration of a contaminant which triggers treatment or other requirements that a water system must follow.
Groundwater Assessment
An assessment of the drinking water
sources for the City was completed in
December 2002. The groundwater sources
are considered most vulnerable to the
following activities not associated with
detected contaminants: confirmed leaking
underground storage tanks, dry cleaners,
and gas stations. The groundwater sources
are considered most vulnerable to the
following activities associated with contami-
nants detected in the water supply:
known contaminant plumes, historic
agricultural activities and application of
fertilizers, and sewer collection systems.
A copy of the complete assessment is
available at Department of Public Health
Office of Drinking Water, Santa Ana
District, 28 Civic Center Plaza, Room 325,
Santa Ana, California 92701. You may
request a summary of the assessment by
contacting the City of Tustin Water
Services at (714) 573 -3382.
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