HomeMy WebLinkAboutRPT 2 LEFT-TURN STDY 01-18-88 REPORTS
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DATE: JANUARY 12, 1988 ~
TO:
FROM:
WILLIAM HUSTON, CITY MANAGER
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT/ENGINEERING DIVISION
SUBJECT: REPORT ON LEFT-TURN PHASE STUDY FOR WALNUT AVENUE AT
CHERRYWOOD LANE
RECOMMENDATION
Exclusive left-turn phasing for Walnut Lane at the intersection of
Walnut Avenue and Cherrywood Lane is recommended.
BACKGROUND
Pursuant to your request, an engineering study was initiated for the
subject intersection. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the need
for exclusive left-turn phasing on Cherrywood Lane. The previous staff
report, copy attached, provides additional background information for
this report.
EXISTING CONDITIONS
Cherrywood Lane is a local residential street which is located between
Walnut Avenue and Sycamore Avenue. At the signalized intersection of
Walnut avenue and Cherrywood Lane there are two approach lanes on
Cherrywo0d Lane for each direction of traffic flow. Similarly, Walnut
Avenue has two approach lanes for the north and south directions but
also has exclusive left-turn lanes for each direction. However, there
are no left-turn signal indications for these lanes at the present time.
Field data collection and research for the left-turn phase warrant study
included manual turning movement counts for the morning, noon and
afternoon peak hours of operation at the subject intersection. In
addition, the traffic accident data for the period of January 1, 1984
through November 30, 1987 was reviewed.
LEFT-TURN PHASE GUIDELINES
Nationally accepted guidelines for protected left-turn phases,
documented in the national Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices and
the Caltrans Traffic Manual are used as the basis for recommendations
relative to protected left-turn phases. These guidelines include
accident experience, left-turn delay, vehicular volume, intersection
capacity and impaired sight distance.
EVALUATION
A review of the accident history indicated that there were three
reported left-turn accidents during 1984 and one during 1987. Each of
these accidents are considered correctible by the installation of a
protected left-turn phase. The accident experience guideline is
satisfied if there are five or more left-turn related accidents for a
particular left-turn movement during a recent 12-month period.
LEFT-TURN PHASE STUDY, WALNUT AND CHERRYWOOD LANE
January 12, 1988
Page 2
The- traffic volume guideline was met on Cherrywood Lane, eastbound
direction,.with regard to the number of left-turn vehicles during the
peak hours of 7:00 - 8:00 A.M., 8:00 - 9:00 A.M., 11:00 - 12:00 Noon,
and 4:00 - 5:00 P.M., and on Walnut Avenue for the southbound direction
during the hours of 4:00 - 5:00 P.M. and 5:00 - 6:00 P.M. The volume
guideline is satisfied for actuated signals if there are 50 or more
left-turning vehicles per hour in one direction and conflicting through
traffic during the peak hour of 100,000 or more. The cross product of
100,000 was satisfied only for Walnut Avenue.
To evaluate the left-turn delay guideline for the subject intersection,
a field observation was made of Cherrywood Lane during the peak hour of
8:00 - 9:00 A.M. on a Tuesday morning and of Walnut Avenue during the
evening peak hour. The results indicated that no more than two vehicles
were observed being delayed in making their left turns from Cherrywood
Lane onto Walnut Avenue. A delayed vehicle was defined as a vehicle
still waiting to turn left after the signal cycle changed from the
beginning of green time back from Cherrywood Lane to Walnut Avenue.
However, vehicles on Walnut Avenue were able to complete their left
turns only on the yellow signal indications.
It should be noted that a mathematical analysis of the available gaps in
the opposing traffic on Cherrywood Lane indicated that the left-turn
demand is less than the available gaps in both directions during all
three peak hours. Hence, there are ample opportunities to make a left-
turn movement onto Walnut Avenue when the signal displays a green
indication for Cherrywood Lane. However, there are no available gaps
for the southbound left turns on Walnut Avenue because of the large
opposing traffic volumes.
Therefore, based upon the results of the study, exclusive left-turn
phasing for the Walnut Avenue/Cherrywood Lane intersection is
recommended for Walnut Avenue. The provision of exclusive left-turn
phasing will improve safety and operation at this location.
Director of Public Works/City Engineer
'BL/DDB/mv
Dennis D. Barnes
City Traffic Engineer
CONSULTANTS,
Consultants to' Governmental Agencies
July 20, 1986
To: Bob Ledendecker, City Engineer
From: Jerry Crabill, Traffic Engineer
Subject: Left Turn Phasing Study - Walnut Avenue at
Cherrywood Lane
RECOMMENDATION
Exclusive left turn phasing for left turns at the Walnut
Avenue/Cherrywood Lane intersection is not recommended.
BACKGROUND
Pursuant to your request, we have investigated the potential
of installing exclusive left turn phasing for the Walnut
Avenue intersection with Cherrywood Lane.
Generall-y, the number of separate left turn phases provided
by a traffic signal should be held to a minimum. When a
separate signal phase is added to improve protection for
left turn movements, the amount of green time available for
other phases will be reduced. Additionally, overall vehicle
delay generally increases after left turn phasing is
installed because longer signal cycles are necessary to
accommodate the separate left turn phase. Delay for left
turns also increases during many off-peak traffic hours such
as at night when opposing traffic volumes are -light. Also,
left turn phasing should not be installed ~f alternate
routes are available to accomplish the same purpose.
LEFT TURN WARRANT CRITERIA
The State Traffic Manual published by the California Depart-
ment of Transportation (Caltrans) includes guide].ines that
describe the conditions whereby separate left turn phasing
sh-ould be considered. The Manual states that exclusive
phasing should be considered when there have been 5 or more
left turn accidents during a recent 12 month period or, when
there is left turn delay to one or more vehicles remaining
in the left turn storage lane after each cycle for one hour.
1415 East 17th Street · Sa nra A ne Ca l~forr,~a 92701 · [714) 558-1952
A Ber,,,man & Stephe~n I~du-~:"es Company
Mr. Ledendecker
July 20, 1986
Page Two
LEFT TURN DELAY ANALYSIS
To evaluate the potential of existing left turn delays at
the intersection of walnut Avenue and Cherrywood Lane, the
results of special intersection counts, conducted in May of
1986, were used for this evaluation. The traffic volumes
collected and tabulated at that time incorporated the peak
morning travel period (7:00 to 9:00 A.M.) and the peak
afternoon travel period (3:30 to 6:30 P.M.).
The delay analysis centered around a tabulation of all
vehicles waiting to make a left turn during the hours
described above. As previously indicated, left turn delay by
warrant definition, occurs when all of the vehicles waiting
in the left turn storage lane at the beginning of the green
indication are unable to turn left during that portion of
the signal cycle (either on the green or on the yellow) and
must therefore wait for the next green indication.
For this intersection, the survey indicated that a total of
81 vehicles made southbound left turns during the morning
and afternoon peak hours, while 196 vehicles made eastbound
left turns and 37 vehicles ~.ade westbound left turns during
the same time period. Of these, there were no incidences of
left turn delay. This means that for every signal cycle
observed (174 cycles), all waiting vehicles were able to
safely turn left on the green during the same cycle in which
they entered the left turn lane. The northbound left turn
displayed a low incidence of left turn delay The survey
revealed that a total of six cars were delayed in making
their left turns during the morning peak ho~rs, while a
total of 445 vehicles had no delay during the morning or
afternoon peak hours.
It is significant to note that in many cases, several more
left turns were 'made at this location other than those
waiting for the beginning of the cycle. For example, if
three cars were waiting to turn left when the light turned
green, there was enough time for those three vehicles to
turn as well as enough time for other vehicles to turn left
who had not yet reached the intersection prior to the green
signal indication. Therefore, based on this information,
delay is not a factor at this location and exclusive left
turn phasing is not required because of delay.
Mr. Ledendecker
July 20, 1986
Page Three
ACCIDENT DATA
In order to review historical left turn accident data at the
subject intersection locations, information presented in the
State-wide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS) was
evaluated..This information is presented below.
Left Turn Traffic Accident Data
Walnut Avenue at Cherrywood Lane
Year 1983 1984 1985
NuKber of Accidents
3 3 1
State criteria stipulates that if five or more left turning
accidents have occurred during a recent 12 month period left
turn phasing should be considered. As shown in the chart,
the left turn accident history falls well below the limiting
criteria. On that basis, exclusive left turn phasing is not
warranted.
CONCLUSION
Based on a review of left turn delay and accident histories
at the subject intersection locations, we do not recon%mend
the installation of exclusive left turn phasing at the
Walnut Avenue intersections with Cherrywood Lane.