HomeMy WebLinkAbout01 PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS 04-06 RPT 07-03-07Agenda Item
~ Reviewed:
~~
AGENDA REPORT City Manager
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Finance Director
MEETING DATE: JULY 3, 2007
TO: WILLIAM A. HUSTON, CITY MANAGER
FROM: PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT/ENGINEERING DIVISION
SUBJECT: PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS (PHGs) 2004-2006 REPORT
- N/A
SUMMARY
Provisions of the California Health and Safety Code specify that California water utility
systems periodically prepare a report and conduct a public hearing if contaminants are
detected above the public health goals (PHGs) adopted by the California Environmental
Protection Agency's Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) or
above the maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) adopted by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). For the reporting period 2004-2006, Tustin's
water system exceeded the PHGs for lead, copper and coliforms, but was below the EPA's
action level of the mandatory MCL. Overall, the City is in compliance with all regulatory
water quality standards.
RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that the City Council take the following actions:
1. Conduct a public hearing to accept and respond to public comments on the 2004-2006
Public Health Goals Report; and
2. At the conclusion of the public hearing, approve the 2004-2006 Public Health Goals
Report.
FISCAL IMPACT
None.
BACKGOUND .
California's Health and Safety Code requires California water utility systems with more than
10,000 service connections to prepare a report and conduct a public hearing if: 1) the
system has contaminants above the public health goals (PHGs) adopted by the OEHHA; or
2) contaminants occurring above the maximum contaminant level goals MCLGs adopted by
the USEPA. The purpose of the report is to provide customers access to information on
contaminants below the enforceable mandatory MCLs. The report also provides
consumers, when appropriate, the cost to totally eliminate contaminants from a system's
drinking water regardless of how minimal the risks may be.
Public Health Goals (PHGs) 2004-2006 Report
July 3, 2007
Page 2
DISCUSSION
The constituents within Tustin's water system that exceeded the PHG's for this reporting
period were lead, copper and coliforms. All other water quality monitoring results are less
than the state PHG or federal MCLG. There is no drinking water MCL for lead and copper.
California Department of Health Services (CDHS) has adopted an action level for lead and
copper where the 90th percentile value of all samples from household taps should not be
exceeded. Based on September 2006 sampling data from Tustin's water system, the 90th
percentile values for lead and copper were 0.007 mg/I and 0.53 mg/L, respectively. This
value exceeds the PHG level of 0.002 mg/I for lead and 0.17 mg/L for copper, but is lower
than the regulatory action level of 0.015 mg/I for lead and 1.3 mg/L for copper.
Optimizing corrosion control is considered the best available technology to deal with
corrosion issues and with any lead or copper findings. By virtue of being in full compliance
with the regulatory requirements for lead and copper, the CDHS has deemed that Tustin's
water system has optimized corrosion control. Initiating additional corrosion control
treatment would involve the addition of other chemicals, resulting in water quality issues.
Water quality parameters measuring corrosivity, e.g. pH, hardness, alkalinity, total
dissolved solids are regularly monitored by the City. Action will be taken as needed to
maintain the City's water system in an optimized corrosion control condition.
Coliform bacteria are an indicator organism that are not generally considered harmful. They
are used for monitoring and analysis. If a positive sample is found, it indicates a potential
problem that needs to be investigated via sampling. It is not unusual for a public water
system to have an occasional positive sample. For this reporting period, Tustin's water
system had a highest monthly positive sample of 3.3% in any month. The CDHS MCL for
Coliform is 5% positive samples of all samples per month; the MCLG is zero.
Chlorine is added to Tustin's groundwater supplies to ensure the water served is
microbiologically safe. Chlorine residual levels are carefully controlled to provide the best
health protection without causing undesirable taste and odors or increasing disinfection
byproduct levels. This careful balance of treatment processes is essential to supplying
customers with safe drinking water. Other important measures implemented include: a
cross-connection control program, maintenance of disinfectant residuals, a monitoring and
surveillance program, and maintaining positive system pressures throughout Tustin's water
system. These measures conform with CDHS approved technology per Section 64447,
Title 22, California Code of Regulations.
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~r Tim D. Serlet
Director of Public Works/City Engineer
Fred Ad'ari
Water Services a ger
Attachment: Public Health Goals (PHG) 2004-2006 Report
CITY OF TUSTIN
PUBLIC HEALTH GOALS (PHG)
2004-2006 REPORT
June, 2007
PURPOSE
The purpose of this report is for the City of Tustin Water Service (CTWS) to comply with the
provisions of the California Health and Safety Code. This code specifies that larger (>10,000 service
connections) water utilities prepare a special brief report in plain language by July 1, 2007 for the
calendar year 2004-2006 if their water quality measurements have exceeded any public health goals
(PHGs) established by the State of California Environmental Protection Agency's Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). The law requires that where OEHHA has not
adopted a PHG for a particular constituent, water suppliers are to use the maximum contaminant level
guidelines (MCLGs) adopted by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). These
PHGs and MCLGs are listed in Attachment No. 1
This legislative requirement was established to give water system customers access to information
about levels of contaminants even below the enforceable mandatory maximum contaminant levels
(MCLs). Additionally, this requirement intends to provide an idea of the cost to totally eliminate any
trace of the contaminant from drinking water regardless of how minimal the risk might be.
INTRODUCTION
The CTWS provides potable water service to most of the incorporated area of the City and also to
unincorporated areas north of the City's boundaries. The CTWS's existing sources of water supply
include 15% from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MET's) imported water
system, and 85% from a combination of six untreated [or clear] local groundwater wells that pump
directly into the City's water system, and two water treatment facilities [Main Street Treatment Plant
and 17t'' Street Desalter] that treat groundwater from six additional wells.
At two of the well sites supplying water directly into the City's water system, water is blended with
other well water or imported water to reduce nitrate concentrations below the State's MCL for this
constituent. More specifically, the Prospect Well is blended with MET water and the Beneta Well is
blended with water from the Columbus-Tustin Well.
The drinking water quality of the CTWS meets all State of California, Department of Health Services
(DHS) and USEPA drinking water standards established to protect public health and safety. This
report reviews the existing water quality data of the water within the City's water distribution system,
and compares the water quality to set PHG and MCLG levels, which are not regulatory levels, but are
deemed desirable. In this review of water quality data from 2004 through 2006, the only contaminants
from City wells that exceeded a State PHG or a federal MCLG were lead, copper and coliforms.
This report describes PHGs and MCLGs, describes the data that was reviewed, and presents the
results. Summaries of the analytical and monitoring data reviewed are also attached for
documentation purposes.
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CITY OF TUSTIN
Public Health Goals
2
WHAT ARE PHGs?
PHGs are set by the OEHHA which is part of State of California Environmental Protection Agency;
they are based solely on public health risk considerations. None of the practical risk-management
factors that are considered by the USEPA or the DHS in setting drinking water standard MCLs are
considered in setting the PHGs. These factors include analytical detection capability, treatment
technology available, benefits and costs. The PHGs are not enforceable and are not required to be met
by any public water system. It should be noted that MCLGs are the federal equivalent to State PHGs.
WATER QUALITY DATA CONSIDERED
The California Health and Safety Code, Section 116470(b) is clear that a water system only needs to
write a report if they exceed one or more PHGs or MCLGs [please see Attachment No. 1]. In order to
determine if there was an exceedance, the City of Tustin Water Services Division's technical water
quality data was reviewed. The data reviewed is the same data used for determining compliance with
drinking water standards for the years of 2004 through 2006. This data consisted of the following
information:
• Samples from the seven wells supplying water directly to the City's water distribution system.
These wells include:
1. Beneta Way
2. Columbus-Tustin
3. Prospect Avenue
4. Tustin Avenue
5. Vandenburg
6. Walnut
7. Yorba Street
• Samples from existing City wells before treatment. These wells include:
1. Main Street Well No. 3
2. Main Street Well No. 4
3. 17t'' Street Desalter Well No. 2
4. 17t'' Street Desalter Well No. 4
5. Newport Avenue
• Nitrate analyses from the two treatment plant effluents [I.e., the CTWS Main Street Treatment
Plant and the 17th Street Desalter] .
• Nitrate analyses from three City wells that are blended. These wells include:
1. Columbus-Tustin Well
2. Beneta Way Well
3. Prospect Avenue Well
• Coliform data collected within the City's water distribution system.
• Copper and Lead samples collected from specific points within the City's water distribution
system.
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CITY OF TUSTIN
Public Health Goals
3
WAIVER FOR CERTAIN CONSTITUENTS
Many of the constituents required for the PHG report have been waived from sampling by the DHS
due to the fact that the results for these constituents are consistently non-detect. Please refer to the
DHS letter titled "Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment and Waiver Status" (GVAWS~, dated
January 26, 2005; constituents are listed in Attachment No. 2.
The current sampling schedule is consistent with the schedule established for the first compliance
period, and the second compliance period. DHS has not yet adopted the Period 3 schedule.
It is also important to note that two of the PHGs (Acrylamide and Epichlorohydrin) are not applicable
for the CTWS since they are strictly surface water constituents and not groundwater constituents.
RESULTS
The only constituents that exceed PHG's for the CTWS water distribution system are lead, copper and
coliforms. All other water quality monitoring results are less than the mandated State PHG or federal
MCLG. The summary of these results are listed in Attachment No. 3.
Lead and Copper
There is no drinking water MCL standard for Lead or Copper. Instead, the 90t'' percentile value of all
samples from household taps in the distribution system should not exceed the Action Level of 0.015
mg/1 for Lead and 1.3 mg/1 for copper. The established PHG for lead is 0.002 mg/1 and copper is 0.17
mg/l.
The category of health risk for copper is gastrointestinal irritation. The category of health risk for lead
is damage to the kidneys or nervous system of humans. Numerical health risk data on lead and copper
have not yet been provided by OEHHA, the California state agency responsible for providing that
information.
DHS has specified in their GVAWS letter that copper needs to be sampled only once every three
years. Based on September 2006 water quality sampling data for the CTWS water system, the 90`''
percentile value for copper was 0.53 mg/L, which exceeds the PHG level of 0.17 mg/L. The 90"'
percentile value for lead was 0.007 mg/1, which exceeds the PHG level of 0.002 mg/1..
The CTWS's water system is in full compliance with the Federal and State Lead and Copper Rule,
since the 90`'' percentile value is below the Action Level. Therefore, the CTWS has been deemed by
DHS to have "optimized corrosion control" for its water system. In general, optimized corrosion
control is considered to be the best available technology to deal with corrosion issues and with any
lead or copper findings. The TWS continues to monitor water quality parameters that relate to
corrosivity, such as pH, hardness, alkalinity and total dissolved solids and will take action if necessary
to maintain the system in an "optimized corrosion control" condition.
Since the CTWS is meeting the "optimized corrosion control" requirements, then it is not prudent to
initiate additional corrosion control treatment because: (1) it involves the addition of other chemicals;
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CITY OF TUSTIN
Public Health Goals
4
and (2) there could be additional water quality issues raised. Therefore, no estimate of cost for
treatment options to meet the PHG level has been included.
Coliform Bacteria
During the reporting period of 2004-2006, CTWS staff collected between 80 and 100 samples each
month for Coliform analysis. Occasionally, a sample was found to be positive for Coliform bacteria but
re-check samples were negative and follow-up actions were taken in coordination with DHS. A
maximum of 3.3% of these samples were positive in any month. The MCL for Coliform is 5% positive
samples of all samples per month and the MCLG is zero. The reason for the Coliform drinking water
standard is to minimize the possibility of the water containing pathogens which are organisms that
cause waterborne disease. Because Coliform is only a surrogate indicator of the potential presence of
pathogens, it is not possible to state a specific numerical health risk.
While USEPA normally sets MCLGs "at a level where no known or anticipated adverse effects on
persons would occur," they indicate that they cannot do so with coliforms. Coliform bacteria are an
indicator organism that are ubiquitous in nature and are not generally considered harmful. They are
used by water quality scientists because of their ease in monitoring and analysis. If a positive sample is
found, it indicates a potential problem that needs to be investigated and follow up sampling done as
soon as possible. It is not at all unusual for a public or private water system to have an occasional
positive water quality sample. It is difficult, if not impossible, to ensure that a water system will never
get a positive water sample.
CTWS staff adds chlorine at existing groundwater supply sources to ensure that the water served is
microbiologically safe. The chlorine residual levels are carefully controlled to provide the best health
protection without causing the water to have undesirable taste and odor or increasing the disinfection
byproduct level. This careful balance of treatment processes is essential to continue supplying all City
water customers with safe drinking water.
Other equally important measures that have been implemented by CTWS include: an effective cross-
connection control program, maintenance of a disinfectant residual throughout the City water system,
an effective monitoring and surveillance program and maintaining positive pressures in the water
distribution system. CTWS has already taken all of the steps described by DHS as "best available
technology" for dealing with Coliform bacteria per Section 64447, Title 22, California Code of
Regulations [CCR].
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER ACTION
The drinking water quality of the CTWS meets all DHS and USEPA drinking water standards
established to protect public health and safety. To further reduce the levels of the constituents
identified in this report that are already significantly below the health-based MCLs established to
provide "safe drinking water", additional costly treatment processes would be required. The
effectiveness of these treatment processes to provide any significant reductions in constituent levels at
these already low values is uncertain. The health protection benefits of these additional hypothetical
reductions are not at all qualitatively clear and may not be quantifiable. Therefore, no action is
proposed.
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CITY OF TUSTIN
Public Health Goals
5
REFERENCES
1) Excerpt from California Health & Safety Code: Section 116470 (b)
2) Table of Regulated Constituents with MCLs, PHGs or MCLGs
3) City of Tustin Water Services Division's 2004, 2005 and 2006 Water Quality
Reports
4) Glossary of terms and abbreviations used in report
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CITY OF TUSTIN
Public Health Goals
ATTACHMENT NO. 1
ATTACHMENT NO. 1
CALIFORNIA MCLs AND PHGs AND FEDERAL MCLGs
2007
PARAMETERSI STATE PHG
CONSTITUENTS Units MCL DLR or
(MCLG)
INORGANICS
ALUMINUM m /L 1 0.05 0.6
ANTIMONY m /L 0.006 0.006 0.020
ARSENIC m /L 0.05 0.002 0.000004**
ASBESTOS fibers/L 7 million 0.2 million 7 million
BARIUM m /L 1 0.1 2
BERYLLIUM m /L 0.004 0.001 0.0001
CADMIUM m /L 0.005 0.001 0.00004**
CHROMIUM m /L 0.05 0.01 withdrawn***
CHROMIUM 6 m /L
COPPER at-the-ta ~ 90th ercentile m /L AL=1.3 0.05 0.17
CYANIDE m /L 0.15 0.1 0.15
FLUORIDE m /L 1.4-2.4 0.1 1
LEAD at-the-ta ~ 90th ercentile m /L AL=0.015 0.005 0.002
MERCURY m /L 0.002 0.001 0.0012
NICKEL m /L 0.1 0.01 0.012
NITRATE as N m /L 10 0.4 10
NITRATE as N03 m /L 45 2 45
NITRITE as N m /L 1 0.4 1
SELENIUM m /L 0.05 0.005 0.05
THALLIUM m /L 0.002 0.001 0.0001
ORGANICS
ACRYLAMIDE TT TT 0
ALACHLOR m /L 0.002 0.001 0.004
ATRAZINE m /L 0.001 0.001 0.00015
BENTAZON m /L 0.018 0.002 0.2
BENZENE m /L 0.001 0.0005 0.00015
BENZO a PYRENE m /L 0.0002 0.0001 0.000004
BROMATE m IL 0.01 0.0050 0
CARBOFURAN m /L 0.018 0.005 0.0017
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE m /L 0.0005 0.0005 0.0001
CHLORDANE m /L 0.0001 0.0001 0.00003
CHLORITE m /L 1 0.02 0.8
CHLOROETHENE INYL CHLORIDE m /L 0.0005 0.0005 0.00005
CIS-1 2-DICHLOROETHYLENE m /L 0.006 0.0005 0.1**
2 4-D m /L 0.07 0.01 0.07
DALAPON m /L 0.2 0.01 0.79
DIBROMOCHLOROPROPANE DBCP m /L 0.0002 0.00001 0.0000017
1 2-DICHLOROBENZENE ORTHO m /L 0.6 0.0005 0.6
1 4-DICHLOROBENZENE PARR m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.006
1 1-DICHLOROETHANE 1 1-DCA m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.003
1 2-DICHLOROETHANE 1 2-DCA m /L 0.0005 0.0005 0.0004
1 1-DICHLOROETHENE 1 1-DCE m /L 0.006 0.0005 0.01
DICHLOROMETHANE m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.004
1 2-DICHLOROPROPANE m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.0005
1 3-DICHLOROPROPENE m /L 0.0005 0.0005 0.0002
DI 2-ETHYLHEXYL ADIPATE m /L 0.4 0.005 0.2
DI 2-ETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE m /L 0.004 0.003 0.012
DINOSEB m /L 0.007 0.002 0.014
DIOXIN 2 3 7 8- TCDD m /L 3x10 5x10- 0
DIQUAT m /L 0.02 0.004 0.015
ENDOTHALL m /L 0.1 0.045 0.58
ENDRIN m /L 0.002 0.0001 0.0018
EPICHLOROHYDRIN TT 0
ETHYLBENZENE m /L 0.3 0.0005 0.3
ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE EDB m /L 0.00005 0.00002 0.00001
GLYPHOSATE m /L 0.7 0.025 1.0
HEPTACHLOR m /L 0.00001 0.00001 0.000008
ATTACHMENT NO. 1
CALIFORNIA MCLs AND PHGs AND FEDERAL MCLGs
2007
PARAMETERS/
CONSTITUENTS
Units STATE
MCL
DLR PHG
or
(MCLG)
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE m /L 0.00001 0.00001 0.400006
HEXACHLOROBENZENE m /L 0.001 0.0005 0.00003
HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE m /L 0.05 0.001 0.05
LINDANE m /L 0.0002 0.0002 0.000032
METHOXYCHLOR m /L 0.03 0.01 0.03
METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER MTBE' m /I 0.013 0.003 0.013
MOLINATE m /L 0.02 0.002 none
MONOCHLOROBENZENE m /L 0.07 0.0005 0.2
OXAMYL m /L 0.05 0.02 0.05
PENTACHLOROPHENOL m /L 0.001 0.0002 0.0004
PICLORAM m /L 0.5 0.001 0.5
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS PCBs m /L 0.0005 0.0005 0
SILVEX 2 4 5-TP m /L 0.05 0.001 0.025
SIMAZINE m /L 0.004 0.001 0.004
STYRENE m /L 0.1 0.0005 0.1
1 1 2 2-TETRACHLOROETHANE m /L 0.001 0.0005 0.0001
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE PCE m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.00006
THIOBENCARB m /L 0.07 0.001 0.07
TOLUENE m /L 0.15 0.0005 0.15
TOXAPHENE m /L 0.003 0.001 0.00003
TRANS-1 2-DICHLOROETHYLENE m /L 0.01 0.0005 0.06**
1 2 4-TRICHLOROBENZENE m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.005
1 1 1-TRICHLOROETHANE 1 1 1-TCA m /L 0.2 0.0005 1.0**
1 1 2-TRICHLOROETHANE 1 1 2-TCA m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.0003**
TRICHLOROETHYLENE CE m /L 0.005 0.0005 0.0008
TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE FREON 11 m /L 0.15 0.005 0.70
TRICHLOROTRIFUOROETHANE FREON 113 m /L 1.2 0.01 4.0
TRIHALOMETHANES TOTAL HMs m !L 0.1 0.0005 none
XYLENES SUM OF ISOMERS m /L 1.750 0.0005 1.8
MICROBIOLOGICAL
COLIFORM % POSITIVE SAMPLES % 5 zero
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM* TT zero
GIARDIA LAMBLIA TT zero
LEGIONELLA TT zero
VIRUSES TT zero
ALPHA ACTIVITY GROSS Ci/L 15 3 zero
BETA ACTIVITY GROSS Ci/L 4 mrem/ r 4 zero
RADIUM 226 Ci/L 5 1 0.05**
RADIUM 228 Ci/L 5 1 0.019**
STRONTIUM 90 Ci/L 8 2 0.35**
TRITIUM Ci/L 20000 1000 400**
URANIUM Ci/L 20 2 0.43
MC:L =Maximum Contaminant Level PHG =Public Health Goal
MCLG =Maximum Contaminant Levei Goal DLR =Detection Limit for Reporting purposes; set by DHS
'Surface Water Systems Only TT =Treatment Technique
*"`PHG revised, MCL to be reviewed and may also '**Total Chromium PHG withdrawn-awaiting revised
be revised. PHG for Chromium 6
a - USEPA adopted an arsenic level of 10 ppb that
became effective in California on Jan. 23, 2006.
ATTACHMENT NO. 2
.___~ State of C fornia-Health and Human ServicE, agency
Department of Health Services ~ `A`yo'-r~*'a
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Ca6forn~a 4 "
Department of '~~y~ ~ ~~'~
Health SPrv~ses '"
SANDRA SHEWRY ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER
Director Governor
January 26, 2005
Mr. Tim D. Serlet, Director of Public Works
City of Tustin
Water Service Division
PO Box 466
Tustin, CA 92781
Dear Mr. Serlet:
SYSTEM NO. 3010046, VULNERABILITY DETERMINATIONS AND WAIVER STATUS
This letter is to inform you of the Department's determination of your groundwater source
vulnerability and waiver status along with the requirement of the federal Arsenic and the
Radionuclides Rules. On January 22, 2001, the USEPA adopted a new arsenic standard
of 10 ppb with a compliance date of January 23, 2006. The Department of Health
Services (Department} will be implementing the federal arsenic standard until the state
Arsenic Rule is adopted. However, the USEPA will be responsible for any necessary
enforcement action taken for a violation of the Arsenic Rule, prior to the adoption of the
new state Arsenic Rule.
The USEPA also updated its standards for radionuclides in drinking water. Like the
Arsenic Rule, the Department will be implementing the federal radionuclides standards
until the state Radionuclides Rule is adopted. However, the USEPA will be responsible
for any necessary enforcement action taken for a violation of the Radionuclides Rule,
prior to the adoption of the new state Radionuclides Rule. The new standard for uranium
of 30 Ng/L, as required by the 1986 amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act, was
effective on December 8, 2003. The standards with the same effective date include
'~ combined radium 226/228 (5 pCi/L); beta emitters (4 mrems/yr); gross alpha (15 pCi/L);
strontium-90 (8 pCi/L), tritium {20,000 pCilL) and uranium (30 Ng/L). The new monitoring
requirements will be phased-in between the effective date and the beginning of the next
Standardized Monitoring Framework period, December 31, 2007. During that period the
Department will require public water systems to complete their initial monitoring
requirements along with the Groundwater Source Vulnerability Assessment and Waiver
Status for the Second Compliance Period of the Second Compliance Cycle (January 1,
2005 to December 31, 2007).
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n Do your part to help California save energy. To team more about saving energy, visit the following web site:
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Southern California Drinking Water Field Operations Branch, Santa Ana District
28 Civic Center Plaza, Room 325, Santa Ana, CA, 92701
~~ Telephone: (714) 558-4410 Fax: (714) 567-7262
Internet Address: www.dhs.ca.govlpslddwem/
r~ ~
City of Tustin
Page 2
January 26, 2005
~r
,,
This new Radionuclides Rule requires public water systems desi Hated b
Department as vulnerable to contamination by nuclear facilities and/or a d the
vulnerability by a Source Water Assessment, as defined in section 63000.84 rmination of
monitor to determine compliance with the MCLs for beta emitter, strontium-gpshall
Based on historical data and recent possible contaminating activities indi and tritium.
Drinking Water Source Assessment and Protection (SWAP) Pro ram co sated by the
with Orange County Water District, the Department designates tha# the mpleted jointly
sources being utilize by the public water systems in Orange County as non vu neater
contamination by nuclear facilities (Please see enclosed pages 5 and 6 . This able to
determination may be modified by the adoption of the new state Radionuc
and/or a determination of vulnerability by a Source Water Assessment ' fides Rule
in the near future.
The enclosed tables summarize your monitoring requirements for our
source. The tables list the vulnerability assessment, waiver status and mr~nimu ater
monitoring requirement of each chemical and constituent. Please refer to t m
that describe conditions when incre_ monitoring will be re wired. p he regulations
these tables carefully to ensure that you fully understand your monitorinlease review
is your responsibility to review your past monitoring record and schedul g requirements. It
and ongoing monitoring to ensure compliance with the monitorin re uirem Y additional
9 q ents.
Your concern regarding this matter is appreciated. If you have an ue
contact this office (714) 558-4410. Y q stions, please
Sincerely,
Original signed by
Heather L. Collins, P.E., Chief
South Coast Section
CDHS -Drinking Water Field Operations Branch
Enclosure
cc: Orange County Public Health
Ms. Nira Yamachika, Orange County Water District
bcc: Region, District, Reading File, SJC-PICME
~-
GROI.INllWATF,R SOURCE VUI,NERABILI'tY ASSESSMF,NT AND WAIVER STATUS
SECUNll COMNI,IANCN; PERIOD OF SECOND COMPLIANCE CYCLE
January 1, ?005 to December 31, ?007
INORGANIC CHEMICALS WLNERABtLITY WAIVER
STATUS MONITORING FREQUENCY
Aluminum
--- Once every three years __~_
Antimon , -- -----~ ----- --- - Once ever three years
Arsenic * Once every three vears
Waived for one compliance
Ashestvs Non-vulnerable Waiver Granted period _ --
13arium Once every three years - __ _
13erytlium ~ ~ _-- _ - --__ ___~ .Once every three years
Cadmium ~ ~
- - --- Once everti_three years _
--- - -
Onee every three years
Chromlum -- -~ _---~_ ___ _-- ---_ ~
C'vanide Non-vulnerahie ~ Waiver Granted { Oncc every 9 years while
waiver ~s in effect
Fluoride _ Once_ev_ery_three years
Mercury
- _
_-- ______ _ ___ _Onee every three years---- -
.
", . _ ___-
Nickel - -- _ __ _~______-- Once every three vears---.--_--
..-Nitrate ~ ~__~ ' **Annual _-
Nitrite Once every three years_______ _
Selenium Once every three ears ~__
"Thallium _ ~- Once every three years ____
* Quarterly if greater than the MCL.
** Quarterly it~greater than or equal to `/~ the MCL.
C'ONSTITt1F.NTS
~ AIL1I111IIUIII, Color, Copper, Corrosivity, foaming Agents (MI3AS),
!roll, Manganese, ~~lethyl-tel-t-butyl ether (M"T•t3F), Odor-"Threshold,
~ Silver, Thiobtncarb, "l~urbidity, line
--
"1•otal Dissolved Solids or Specific Conductance, Chloride, Sulfate
13icarbonatc,, Carbonate and f-Iydroxide Alkalinity, Calcium,
Magnesium, Sodium, "(•otal } Iardncss
MONITORING FREQtTENCY
Once every three vears
Once every three years ____ -
Once every three years
i
Drinking Water field Operations Liraneh Santa Ana District
Past 2 o t~ 6
Groundwater Source Vulnerability Assessment and Wai~~cr Status
2"`r Compliance Period oC 2"`r Compliance Cvcle
.ianuar~~ 1, 2005 to December 3 l , 2007
VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS
(VOCs) VULNERABILITY WAIVER
STATtIS iV10N1TORtNG FREQUENCY
li~nr~.ne ------ _._ ___.__._ _.-^-= V_uln_erahle _ _ ~
~
~ _ _ _____
- ;lnnual __ i
l ~
A
Carh~~n Tetrachlortde ~ VLtln~.rahle
' ' nnua
l ?-Dtchlorc~benzene Vulnerable ~ Annual {
-------
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (p-DCB}
Vulnerable
__
Annual _~ ______
1, l -Dichloroethane (l, l -DCA) Vulnerable _ Annual ____~ _ __
__.__1
1,2-Dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) Vulnerable Annual _
l ,1-Dichloroethylene (1,1-DCE) Vulnerable Annual _ ____ _-__ _
cis~1,2-Dichloroeth ly ene _ Vulnerable Annual
trans-l,2-Dichloroethylene Vulnerable Annual __ _~_
Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride Vulnerable Annual _ __ ` ~
------------- -----
1.2-Dichloropropane
~._-~ - ~ - -
1,3-llichloro ro the
Ethylhenzene
Vulnerable
Vulnerable -~
Vulnerable
--- ---
____
_
Annual _ _
-- ------ --------------- -- - - - - ----
Annual _ !~_
Annual
C Mc;th 1 t~.rtiar but I ether (M"fBi)_
f Vulnerable
~ Annual
l
A
Monuchlorohenzene
- - - -- - - -- ---~
- --- Vulnerable
- -- _ .-- -
t - -_ -_ _ __- _ ----- _- --__ _ - --____- - - - --
nnua
-
I ,-_
~ttirene ;Vulnerable ~ Annual
1,1,2 ~-"Tetrachloroethane Vulnerable __
Annual
> >
'l~~trachloroethvl~ne (I C'F, i Vulnerable Annual
"I~~~luenr ~ Vulnerable
-----
?,~ ~I'richlorobenrene Vulnerable
1 Annual
~ Annual
.
1.1,1-'T~rich(uroethane (1,1,1-TCA) ~ Vulnerable _ ____ __ __ _
~ Annual____~____ ___________ _
r--- -- -
l , l ,2-"Cichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA)
Vulnerable
Annual _____
"l'richloroethylene (TCE) Vulnerable _ _ ___ _ Annual
--~_~ _________- _
Trichlorotluoromethane (Freon 11) Vulnerable Annual
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2- Vulnerable Annual
"I'rifluoroethane (Freon l 13} _ ____
Vinyl Chloride Vulnerable Annual
Xylenes Vulnerable Annual
Drinking Water Field Operations F3ranch Santa Ana District
Pale 3 of 6
Clruundwater Source Vulnerability Assessment and Waiver Status
?"`~ Compliance Period of 2"d Compliance Cycle
January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2007
SYNTHET[C ORGANIC CHEMICALS VULNERABILITY WAIVER
STATUS MONITORING FREQUENCY
(SOCs)
~ nlachlc,r . Non-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
~ Waiver Granted period
r
,Atraine ~ - ---- -
Vulnerable
Once every three years
----
t ___---- - --------_-_--
}icntazon ~
Non-vulnerable Susce tihility
p -
' Waived for one com fiance
p
Waiver Granted
; period
___ _
r _ - - -- - _ ~
13cnrc~(a)pyrene i ----
i
Non-vulnerable
~
--p ,--- _r - '
Susce tlhilit~
i _
__
Waived for one compliance
;
Walvtir Glanced ~ ,
per~~~d _--- ~
Carbofuran
Non-vulnerable Susceptibility ' Waived for one compliance
~
Waiver Granted period__.. _ ..__.--- ._---.~ __. ~
Chlordane ~ NOI1-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance ~
Waiver (;ranted eriod _ -
P
- -- .__ -___ ---
___ ---- --------- _-- ~--- --- --_ __- - -__._ _. _ _ ..- i
~_D
~ - __ __ ____ --------
Non-vulnerable --, _ -____ - - _----
Susceptibility -
----- ------- -
Waived for one compliance
...
,
Waiver CJranted
period
1)alapon Non-vulnerable
Susceptibility
Waived for one compliance
Waiver Granted period __~
~
Ui (2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Nun-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
Waiver Granted period ___
ylhexyl) phthalate
Di (?-eth Non-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
_ Waiver Granted eriod _
I)ihromochloropropane (DBCP) Non-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
_ _
[~inoseb~ ~ ~ Non-vulnerable Waiver Granted
Susceptibility
Waiver Granted period _~
Waived for one compliance
period
-------------___._-- _ -.
-
__ _ ____ ___.____-__-_ i
I~I I~Iyuat ! Nvn-v ulnerahle
~ _
Susce tihility
p
V~'aiver G I anted -- .-_
_
Waived for one compliance
riod
~c
_ ------- - __
--- - - - . _ -- ---_ _--
V--- - -- ---- -__._ _ . _- __- - --------- -- ---
hndothall i Non-vulnerable - -
-
Susc~ptlb~llty
Waiver Granted ,
,
_
V1~ aivc.d tur one compliance
period
Endrin Non-vulnerable
Susceptihility
Waived fC)C Ont; CClmpllance
Waiver (,ranted period _
Ethylene dibromide (l;I)13} `Non-vulnerable - -- -
Susceptibility
Waived for one compliance
giver Granted
W period
_ ___
_ _
- _ __. _ ____._._. _ . _ ___-- - --------~-Non-vulnc.rabl~
Glyphosate ~ _
Susc~.ptibllity-- _
~,
-Waived for un~, c.umpliance
'~
_
~ Walvtr Granted pc,rlod _
____... -._-- --- _--__--__-_-~ .-----.----
l-{eptachlor
Non-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
Waiver Granted eriod _
l leptachlor epoxide Non-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
Waiver Granted period __________
_
I Iexachlorobcnzene Nun-vulnerable Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
Waiver Granted period __ i_______ _ ____
r---- - - - _ ---- ------r-----
Non-vulnerable
lle~aehlorocyclopentadlene
Susceptibility
W
iv
nt
d
G
Waived for one compliance
eriod
~ i a
er
ra
e p
_ _ - ___---------- ----------------~ - __
~.~.-,.,-„„i...~N„~~ ,
~ Susce tihility --- _
'p __
._ - -... ..._._. - -
~, Waived for unc compliance
a , alver ,rallte perloc
-- _ - ---- ___. - _____ __ - __ _1 _ _ _ ....-. _ _ _..__..._ - i-_ __-- -- _ _ -----'
[7rinkin~~ Water Field l)perations f3 ranch Santa Ana I)itrict
Pa~c ~ ~~ f (~
Groundwater Source Vulnerability Assessment and Waiver Status
2"`t Compliance Period of ?"`t Compliance Cycle
.Ianuarv 1, ?005 to [)ecemhcr 3 l , ?007
SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS
(SOCs) --
VULNERABILITY
WAIVER
STATUS
.MONITORING FREQUENCY
~II
- --- --- i
,~ Non-vulnerable St.tsce ~Ubility ~ Waived for one comp lance
1~~lethoxychlor ; ' ~ V~'ai~er Chanted r,riod
Susceptibility , Waived t~~r one compliance ,
Nlolinatc Non-vulnerable
Waiver Chanted
period _
Susceptibility Waived for one compliance j
()xamyl Non-vulnerable
; Waiver Granted
__. eriod
-p ------ ------ - ~-
Pentachlorophenol Non-vulnerable
Susceptibility
Waiver Granted
Waived for one compliance
eriod
. ___
Susceptibility Waived for one compliance
Picloram Non-vulnerable Waiver Granted period
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Non-vulnerable Susceptibility
waiver Granted Waived for one compliance
eriod
__ _
p
Simazine Vulnerable Once every three years ____._
~ xin Non-vulnerable
,3,7,8- I'C 1JD (Uto ) Susceptibility
Waiver Granted Waived for one compliance
~ertod
~I~htobcncarb Once every t ee years
t Susceptibility Waived tier one compliance
Non-vulnerable
i '(•~~xaphene i
;Waiver Granted
' period
~ Susceptibility Waived tier one compltance
Note-vulnerable
~.,.~1,>-"I l (5ilvex) ~ Waiver Granted
I ~ triad
Drinking Water Field Operations Branch Santa .Ana District
Groundwater Si>urce Vulnerability Assessment and Waiver Status
2"'~ Compliance Period of 2"~ Compliance Cycle
January 1, 2005 to Uecembcr 31, 2007
Page 5 of 6
MONITORING FKEQL~~;NCY AND COMPLIANCE ItEQUtREMH:NTS FOR IZr1D1ONt;('L1Df~;S
For Non-Vulnerable Systems
Initial Monitoring for Each Source
.- Community water systems must conduct initial monitoring for gross alpha particle activity, radium-
226, radium-228, and uranium before December 31, 2007.
:- Systems must begin to conduct initial monitoring for new sources within the first quarter alter
initiating use of the sources.
Grandfathering of data -systems may use the monitoring data from the last compliance monitoring
period.
Systems without acceptable historical data must collect four consecutive quarterly samples before
llecembcr ~ 1, 2007.
;- For gross alpha particle activity, uranium, radium-226, and radium-228 monitoring -the final two
quarters of initial monitoring will be waived if the results of the samples from the previous two
quarters are below the detection limit.
Subsequent Monitoring for Each Source
Monitoring frequency will he based on the following criteria.
f1~ crage of the initial monitoring results or
historical monitoring results_
~~bovc MCL
Monitoring frcyuency ~
Quarterly until the results from ti~ur cunsccutivc
Abo~~c '/~ th_c_MC'l, but at or below theMC_1.- -_
At or above the detection limit but at or below
'/ the MCL
Below the detection limit
quarters are at or below the MC1.
At least-one sample every three years ____ _
At least one sample every six years
At least one sample ev
nine years
Contaminant ------ --__ ,_ MCL - _---
um ~~8 _
t.ombtnc,d Radium ~26 and Radt 5 pLt/I. _______ _
~
_
Gross Alpha (excluding radon and uranium)
j 1 S pCi/I. __
-
U rani um __-- -__._~__~ ___._~_ 30 µg/L, _~_____-
('ornpositing
l o fulfill quarterly monitoring requirements for gross alpha particle activity, radium-226, radium-228,,
ur uranium, a system may composite up to tour consecutive quarterly samples li•om a single sampling
point it analysis is done within a year of the tirsi sample.
Substituting
r1 gross alpha particle actin ity measurement may he substituted for the required radium-226
111CaSUi'et1lCllt pi'i7VldeCl that the t11eaSLlrl'.d gross alpha particle activity does nut e~ccced ~ pC'i~I,. A
~~ross alpha particle activitr~ measLU•etnent may he substituted for the required uranium measurement
provided that the measured gross alpha particle activity does not e~cceed 1 ~ pCi!L.
Drinkinc Water Field Opcratiot~s F3ranch Santa Ana District
Page 6 of 6
Groundwater Source Vulnerability Assessment and Waiver Status
~"d Compliance Period of 2°`~ Compliance Cycle
January 1, ?005 to December 31, ?007
MONITORING FRFQUH;NCY AND COMPLIANCE REQUIR~:MENTS FOR RAllIONUCLIDh:S
H'or Vulnerable Systems
General Rcyuirements
In addition to monitoring for gross alpha particle activity, radium-•'?6, radium-~~'K, and u-anium (as
clescrihed in the previi~us p~ige for nr~n-volt}erablc systetlls), vulnerable systems I11ust also sample for
beta particle and photon radioactivit~•. Systems must collect quarterly samples for beta emitters and
annual samples for tritium and strontium-90 at each entry point to tht distribution system IsafTlpling
point) beginning; within one quarter alter being notified by the Department.
Reduced Monitoring
If the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring potassium-40 beta particle activity at
a sampling point has a running annual average (computed quarterly) less than or equal to 50 pCi/I.
(screening level), the frequency of monitoring at that sampling point may be reduced to once every 3
years.
?. For systems in the vicinity of a nuclear facility, the system may utilize environmental surveillance
data collected by the nuclear facility in lieu of monitoring at the system's entry point(s) if such data
is determined by the Department to be applicable to the system. In the event that there is a release
from a nuclear facility, systems using surveillance data must begin required monitoring at the
CoI11i11ttlllty water system's entry point(s).
Increased Monitoring
Systems must monitor monthly at the sampling point(s) that exceed the maximum contaminant level
heginning the month after the exceeciance occurs. Systems must continue monthly monitoring until
the system has established, by a rolling average of 3 monthly samples, that the MCL is being met.
Systems who establish that the MCI. is being t11et must return to quarterly monitoring until they meet
the requirements for reduced monitoring.
2. If the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring potassium-40 beta particle activity
exceeds the screening level, an analysis of the sample must be performed to identify the major
radioactive constituents present in the sample and the appropriate doses must be calculated and
summed to determine compliance, using the formula provided in the federal rule (section
141.66(d)(2)}.
t)rinking Water Field Operations Qran~h Santa nna t)istrirt
ATTACHMENT NO. 3
BACK-UP
MAIN STREET TREATMENT PLANT
MONTHLY SUMMARY OF
NITRATE ANALYSIS (mg/L)
2004 2005 2006
Janua 24.5 31.9 30.5
Februa 24.3 32.0 30.1
March 23.0 32.1 30.2
A ril 23.3 31.8 30.1
Ma 21.5 31.2 OFF
June 19.1 30.3 OFF
Jul 17.1 28.7 OFF
Au ust 22.4 27.9 OFF
Se tember 26.2 29.7 OFF
October 22.4 29.0 31.5
November 22.3 24.9 OFF
December 21.8 29.7 OFF
17TH STREET DESALTER
MONTHLY SUMMARY OF
NITRATE ANALYSIS (mg/L)
2004 2005 2006
Janua 31.5 32.8 27.6
Februa 34.7 35.7 21.8
March 34.6 35.2 23.0
A ril 34.6 35.2 22.9
Ma 36.7 31.2 23.6
June 36.6 27.0 25.0
Jul 35.3 25.3 25.4
Au ust 37.1 20.5 25.8
Se tember 37.3 17.2 28.6
October 36.7 19.4 28.5
November 34.3 22.4 30.6
December 32.9 27.3 27.6
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
MONTHLY SUMMARY OF
COLIFORM MONITORING (%)
2004 2005 2006
Janua 0.0 0.0 0.0
Februa 0.0 0.0 0.0
March 0.0 1.0 0.0
A ril 3.3 0.0 0.0
Ma 0.0 0.0 0.0
June 0.0 0.0 0.0
Jul 0.0 0.0 0.0
Au ust 0.0 0.0 0.0
Se tember 0.0 0.0 0.0
October 0.0 0.0 0.0
November 0.0 0.0 1.2
December 0.0 0.0 0.0
WATER QUALITY
BACK-UP MATERIALS
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2004
Water Quality
Report
City of Tustin
Water Services
The 2004 Water Quality Repots
Drinking Water Quality
Since 1990, California water utilities have been
providing an annual Water Quality Report to their
customers. This year's report covers calendar year
2003 water quality testing, and has been prepared
incompliance with new regulations called for in the
1996 reauthorization of the Safe Drinking Water Act.
The reauthorization charged the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with
updating and strengthening the tap water
regulatory program and changed the report's due
date to July 1.
EPA and the California Department of Health
Services (DHS) are the agencies responsible for
establishing drinking water quality standards. To
Want Additional Information?
There's a wealth of information on the intemet
about Drinking Water Quality and water issues
in general. Some good sites -both local and
national - to begin your own investigation are:
Municipal Water District of Orange County
wwwmwdoc.com
Orange County Water District
wwwocwd.org
Metropolitaui Water District
of Southern California
wwwmwdh20.com
California Department of Health Services,
Division of Drinking Water and
Environmenli~l Management
wwwdhs.cahwnet. gov/ps/ddwem
G.S. Environmental Protection Agency
www.epa.gov/safewater/
ensure that your tap water is safe to drink, EPA and DHS prescribe regulations that limit the amount of
certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. DHS regulations also establish limits
for contaminants in bottled water that must provide the same protection for public health. The federal
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also sets regulations for bottled water.
The City of Tustin vigilantly safeguards its water supply and, as in years past, the water delivered to your
home meets the standards required
If you have any questions by the state and federal regulatory
about your water, please agencies. In some cases, your local
contact us for answers... utility goes beyond what is required
to monitor for additional
For information about this report, or your water
quality in general, please contact Art Valenzuela at
(714) 573-3382. The Tustin City Council meets the
first and third Mondays of every month at 7:00 pm in
the City Council Chambers, 300 Centennial Way,
Tustin, California. Please feel free to participate in
these meetings.
For more information about the health effects of the
listed contaminants in the following tables, call the
Environmental Protection Agency hotline at
(800) 426-4791.
contaminants that have known
health risks. For example, the Orange
County Water District, which
manages our groundwater basin,
monitors our groundwater for the
solvent 1,4-dioxane.
Unregulated contaminant
monitoring helps EPA determine
where certain contaminants occur
and whether it needs to establish
regulations for those contaminants.
What You Need to Know,
...and How it May Affect You
Sources of Supply
Your drinking water is a blend of mostly groundwater from the Orange
County groundwater basin and also surface water imported by the
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. Metropolitan's imported
water source is mostly the Colorado River, with augmentation by the State
Water project from northern California. Your groundwater comes from a
natural underground reservoir managed by the Orange County Water
District that stretches from the Prado Dam and fans across the
northwestern portion of Orange County, excluding the
communities of Brea and La Habra, and stretching as far
south as the El Toro `Y'.
The City of 'Qastin currently utilizes 12 groundwater wells,
(Beneta, Columbus'Il)stin, Main Street #3 and #4,
Newport, Prospect, 17th Street #2 and #4, Tl)stin,
Vandenberg, Walnut and Yorba).
Basic Information About
nrinking Dater Contaminants
Drinking water, including bottled water, maybe
reasonably expected to contain at least small amounts of
some contaminants. As water travels over the surface of
the land or through the layers of the ground, it dissolves
naturally occurring minerals and, in some cases,
radioactive material, and can pickup substances
resulting from the presence of human or animal activity.
For most people, the presence of contaminants does not
necessarily mean water may be a health risk.
Contaminants that may be present in source water
include:
+ Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria,
which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic
systems, agricultural livestock operations and wildlife.
+ Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals,
which can be naturally occurring or result from
urban storm runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater
discharges, oil and gas production, mining and
farming.
+ Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally
occurring or be the result of oil and gas production or mining
activities.
+ Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources
such as agriculture, urban storm water runoff, and residential uses.
+ Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and volatile
organic chemicals, which are by-products of industrial processes aiid
petroleum production, and can also come from gasoline stations,
urban storm water runoff and septic systems.
Where Your Water Comes From
y, State
` ~~ Water Project Colorado
r (Northern California) River
Reservoir
Santa Ana
I~ River
Metropolitan Water District
of Southern California Water
(MWD of Orange County) DISInfeCtlOn
Facility
„~ ~ ~ Percolation
' ~ Pond
t..~
,~' Well
Water
„ Treatment / ~ Orange County
Plant ~ i Water District
Underground Aquifer Groundwater
(Groundwater) Recharge
Storage
Tank
~ ~
~l
,, ~ ~
~~t~
S ,~. ,
/![ustratiarr by Victor Casados
Water Dishtibution System: Imported water supplied by d/etropolitan Water Dutrict of Southern Californ(a (vra MWD of
Oravtge County) and piped to your community by Tour local water retailer. Your groundwatQr is managed by the
Orange County Water Dlshzd and pumped out of the ground by your local water retailer:
Cryptosporidit~m
Cry[~tarporulium is a microscopic organism that, when ingested, can cause diarrhea,
fever, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. The organism comes from animal and/or
human wastes and maybe in surface water. The Metropolitan Water District of Southern
Califomia, which did not detect it in the water, tested your surface water for Cry~to-
s~iorulium in 2003. If it ever is detected, Cryptasporidium is eliminated by an
effective treatment combination including sedimentation, filtration and disinfection.
The F.PA and the federal Centers For Disease Control guidelines on appropriate means to
lessen the risk of infection by Cryptas(~oridium and other microbial contaminants are
available from EPA's safe drinking water hotline at (800) 426-4791 between 9 a.m. and
5 p.m. Eastern Time (6 am. to 2 p.m. in Califomia).
Immuno-compromised people
Some people maybe more vulnerable to constituents in the water than the general
population. Immuno-compromised people, such as those with cancer who are
undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have had organ transplants, people with
HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly persons and infants can be
particularly at risk of infections. These people should seek advice about drinking
water from their healthcare providers.
Disinfection and Disinfection Byproducts
Disinfection of drinking water was one of the major public health advances in the
20th century. Disinfection was a major factor in reducing waterborne disease
epidemics caused by pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and it remains an essential
part of drinking water treatment today.
Chlorine disinfection has almost completely eliminated from our lives the risks of
microbial waterborne diseases. Chlorine is added to your drinking water at the
source of supply (groundwater well or surface water treatment plant). Enough
chlorine is added so that it does not wmpletely dissipate through the distribution
system pipes. This "residual" chlorine helps to prevent the growth of bacteria in the
pipes that carry drinking water from the source into your home.
However, chlorine can react with naturally-occurring materials in the water to form
unintended chemical byproducts, called disinfection byproducts (DBPs), which may
pose health risks. A major challenge is how to balance the risks from microbial
pathogens and DBPs. It is important to provide protection from these microbial
pathogens while simultaneously ensuring decreasing health risks from disinfection
byproducts. The Safe Drinking Water Act requires the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) to develop roles to achieve these goals.
Trihalomethanes (THMs) and Haloacetic Acids (HAAS) are the most common and
most studied DBPs found in drinking water treated with chlorine. In 1979, the U.S.
EPA set the maximum amount of total THMs allowed in drinking water at 100 parts
per billion as an annual running average. Effective in January 2002, the Stage 1
Disinfectants / Disinfection Byproducts Rule lowered the total THM maximum
annual average level to 80 parts per billion and added HAAS to the list of regulated
chemicals in drinking water. Your drinking water complies with the Stage 1
Disinfectants / Disinfection Byproducts Rule. In 2003, the U.S. EPA proposed a Stage
2 regulation that will further reduce allowable levels of DBPs in drinking water
without compromising disinfection itself.
Arsenic
The maximum allowable level of arsenic in drinking water, also called the maximum
contaminant level or MCL, is 50 milligrams per liter (mg/L). The U.S. Environrental
Protection Agency recently reduced the arsenic MCL to 10 mg/L. All water systems
must comply with this new standard by 2006. The State of Califomia Department of
Health Services is in the process of reviewing the arsenic MCL and may propose a
revised MCL below 10 mg/[, sometime in 2004. 1'he following advisory is issued
because in 2003 we recorded an arsenic measurement in the drinking water supply
between 5 to 10 mg/L. Although the level of arsenic in your tap water is well below
the current MCL and would also comply with the new federal standard, it may be
within the range of MCL options being considered by the State of California.
While your drinking water meets the current standard for arsenic, it does contain
low levels of arsenic. The standard balances the current understanding of arsenic's
possible health effects against the wst of removing arsenic from drinking water '['he
Califomia Department of Health Services continues to research the health effects of
low levels of arsenic, which is a mineral known to cause cancer in humans at high
concentrations and is linked to other health effects such as skin damage and
circulatory problems.
Nitrate
The City of lirstin provides treatment or blending to reduce the levels of Nitrate that
it delivers to its customers. Daily water samples are collected to ensure that the level
of Nitrate does not exceed the Health Department recommended level of 9.0 mg/L.
The 2003 average was 4.9 rng/L with a range of 1.9 - 7.7 mg/L.
The maximum allowable level of nitrate in drinking water, also called the
maximum contaminant level or MCL, is 45 milligrams per liter as nitrate (mg/L as
N03). The nitrate MCL can also be expressed as 10 milligrams per liter as nitrogen
(mg/L as N). Both numbers are equivalent values. At times, nitrate in your tap
water may have exceeded one-half the MCL, but it was never greater than the MCL.
The following advisory is issued because in 2003 we recorded nitrate measurements
in the drinking water supply which exceeded one-half the nitrate MCL.
Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 45 mg/L (or the equivalent 10 mg/L as N)
is a health risk for infants of less than six months of age. Such nitrate levels in
drinking water can interfere with the capacity of the infant's blood to carry oxygen,
resulting in a serious illness; symptoms include shortness of breath and blueness of
the skin. Nitrate levels above 45parts-per-million may also affect the ability of the
blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as pregnant women and those with
certain specific enzyme deficiencies. If you are caring for an infant, or you are
pregnant, you should ask advice from your health care provider.
Import (Metropolitan) Water Assessment
In December 2002, Metropolitan Water District of Southern Califomia completed
its source water assessment of its Colorado River and State Water Project supplies.
Colorado River supplies are considered to be most vulnerable to recreation, urban/
storm water mnoff, increasing urbanization in the watershed and wastewater.
State Water Project supplies are considered to be most vulnerable tourban/storm
water runoff, wildlife, agriculture, recreation and wastewater. A copy of the assess-
mentcan be obtained by contacting Metropolitan by phone at (213) 217-6850.
Groundwater Assessment
An assessment of the drinking water sources for City of Tustin Water Services was
completed in December 2002. The groundwater sources are considered most vulner-
able to the following activities not associated with detected contaminants: Confirmed
leaking underground storage tanks, dry cleaners, and gas stations. The groundwater
sources are considered most vulnerable to the following activities associated with
contaminants detected in the water supply: Known contaminant plumes, historic
agricultural activities and application of fertilizers, and sewer collection systems.
A copy of the complete assessment is available at Department of Health Services
Office of Drinking Water, Santa Ana District, 28 Civic Center Plaza Room 325, Santa
Ana, CA 92701. You may request a summary of the assessment by contacting the City
of'lirstin Water Services at (714) 573-3382.
City of Tustin Groundwater Quality
PHG Average Range of MCL Most Recent Typical Source
Chemical MCL (MCLG) Amount Detections Violation? Sampling Date of Contaminant
Radiologicals
Alpha Radiation (pCi/L) 15 n/a <1 ND - 4.8 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Radium (pCi/L) 5 n/a <0.5 ND - 1.1 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Uranium (pCi/L) 20 0.5 1.5 ND - 4.1 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Inorganic Chemicals
Aluminum (ppm) 1 / 0.2* 0.6 <0.05 ND - 0.09 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Arsenic (ppb) 50 n/a 1.5 ND - 5.1 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Barium (ppm) 1 2 <0.1 ND - 0.1 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Fluoride (ppm) 2 1 0.20 ND - 0.40 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Mercury (ppb) 2 1.2 <1 ND - 1.5 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Nitrate (ppm as N) 10 10 4.9 1.9 - 7.7 No 2003 Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
Nitrate+Nitrite (ppm as N) 10 10 4.9 1 .9 - 7.7 No 2003 Fertilizers, Septic Tanks
Selenium (ppb) 50 (50) <5 ND - 13 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Secondary Standards*
Chloride (ppm) 500* n/a 125 48 - 325 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Color (color units) 15* n/a 3 ND - 20 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Specific Conductance (pmho/cm) 1,600* n/a 1,056 588 - 2,040 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Sulfate (ppm) 500* n/a 147 77 - 277 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Total Dissolved Solids (ppm) 1,000* n/a 663 353 - 1,310 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Turbidity (ntu) 5* n/a 2 ND - 26 No 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Unregulated Contaminants Requiring Monitoring
Bicarbonate (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 233 169 - 378 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Boron (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 0.1 ND - 0.3 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Calcium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 101 34 - 208 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Hexavalent Chromium (ppb) Not Regulated n/a <1 ND - 1 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Magnesium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 26 4.8 - 61 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
pH (pH units) Not Regulated n/a 7.6 6.9 - 8.1 n/a 2003 Acidity, hydrogen ions
Perchlorate Not Regulated n/a <4 ND - 6.4 n/a 2003 Rocket fuel, munitions
Potassium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 2.3 1.7 - 3.5 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Sodium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 77 48 - 141 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Total Alkalinity as CaCO' (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 191 138 - 310 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Total Hardness as CaCO' (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 359 105 - 764 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
Vanadium (ppb) Not Regulated n/a <3 ND - 7.0 n/a 2003 Erosion of Natural Deposits
ppb =parts-per-billion; ppm =parts-per-million; pCi/L = picoCu ries per liter; ntu = nephelometric turbidity units; N D =not detected; n/a =not applicable;
< =average is less than the detection limi t for reporting purposes; MCL =Maximum Contaminant Level; (MCLG) =federal MCL Goal; PHG =California Public Health Goal
pmho/cm = micromho per centimeter; *Contaminant is regulated by a secondary standard to maintain aesthetic qualities (taste, odor, color).
Lead and Copper Act ion Levels at Residential Taps
Action Level Health 90th Percentile Sites Exceeding AL / AL
(AL) Goal Value Number of Sites Violation? Typical Source of Contaminant
Lead (ppb) 15 2 <5 0 / 44 No Corrosion of household plumbing
Copper (ppm) 1.3 0.17 0.42 0 / 44 No Corrosion of household plumbing
Lead and copper at-the-tap samples were collected from 44 residences in September 2003.
Lead was detected in two homes and copper in 41 homes. None of these samples exceeded the lead or copper action level.
A regulatory action level is the concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded in more than 10 percent of the samples, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.
Definitions
Public Health Goal (PHG)
The Icvcl of a contaminant in drinking water below
which there is no known or expected risk to health.
Public health goals are set by the California
Environmental Protection Agency.
Maxinmm Contaminant Level (MCL)
The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in
ddnking water. MCIs are set as close to the public
health goals and maximum contaminant level goals as
is economically and technologically feasible.
Secondary MCIs are set to protect the odor, taste and
appearance of drinking water.
Maximum Contanunant Level Goal MCLG)
The level of contaminant in drinking water below
which there is no known or expected risk to health.
Maximum contaminant level goals am set by the EPA.
Action Levels (AI_)
Ilealth-based advisory levels established by the State
Department of health Services for chemicals that
lack MCIs.
Primary Dritilting Water Standard (PDWS)
MCI,'s for contaminants that affect health along with
their monitoring and reporting requirements, and
water treatment requirements.
Regulatory Action Level
The concentration of a contaminant which, ffexceed-
cd, triggers treatment or other requirements which
a water system must follow.
Variance
State or EPA p~nnission no[ to meet an MCL or a
treatment technique under certain conditrons-
9be Slate allows ru do morularfor same wn[amnurnk (zss dhau once per year
because the wncentrations of these confaminanls rla not change firzluently.
Some of our rlata. tbougb re/rraentatlue, are more tban core year oki
Treatment Technique ('I"I')
A required process intended to reduce the Icvel oC a
contaminant in drinking water.
Measurements
Water is sampled and tested throughout the year.
Contaminants are measured in parts per million
(ppm), parts per billion (ppb), parts per trillion
(ppt), and even parts per quadrillion (ppq). If this is
difficult to imagine, think alx~ut these comparisons:
ParGC per million (mg/L): Parts per billion (,ttg/L):
• 3 drops in 42 gallons 1 drop in 14,000 gallons
• 1 second in 12 days • 1 second in 32 years
• 1 penny in $10,000 • 1 penny in $10 million
• 1 inch in 16 miles • 1 inch in 16,W0 miles
It is important to note, bou¢Krer, Ibat even a small
concentration of certain contaminanu can adversely
ctjject a dater supptk
City of Tustin Water District Distribution System Water Quality
MCL (MRDL/MRDLG) Average Amount Range of Detections MCL Violation? Typical Source of Contaminant
Total Trihalomethanes (ppb) 80 15 ND - 56 No Byproducts of chlorine disinfection
Haloacetic Acids (ppb) 60 11 ND - 25 No Byproducts of chlorine disinfection
Chlorine Residual (ppm) (4 / 4) 1.1 0.5 - 1.7 No Disinfectant added for treatment
Turbidity (ntu) 5* 0.18 0.14 - 0.39 No Erosion of natural deposits
Sixteen locations in the distribution system are tested quarterly for total trihalomethanesond haloacetic acids;
twenty locations are tested monthly for color, odor and turbidity. Color and odor were not detected.
MRDL =Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level; MRDLG =Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal; ntu =nephelometric turbidity units; ND =not detected;
*Contaminant is regulated by a secondary standard to maintai n aesthetic qualities (taste, odo r, color).
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Treated Surface Water
PHG, or Average Range of MCL
Chemical MCL (MCLG) Amount Detections Violation? Typical Source of Contaminant
Radiologicals-Tested in 2003
Alpha Radiation (pCi/L) 15 n/a <1 ND - 25 No Erosion of natural deposits
Beta Radiation (pCi/L) 50 n/a 4.1 ND - 5.9 No Decay of man-made or natural deposits
Uranium (pCi/L) 20 0.5 <2 ND - 2.6 No Erosion of natural deposits
Inorganic Chemicals -Tested in 2003
Fluoride (ppm) 2 1 0.1 ND - 0.2 No Erosion of natural deposits
Nitrate and Nitrite as N (ppm) 10 10 0.6 ND - 1.4 No Agriculture runoff and sewage
Nitrate as N (ppm) 10 10 0.6 ND - 1.4 No Agriculture runoff and sewage
Secondary Standards* -Tested in 2003
Chloride (ppm) 500* n/a 81 67 - 105 No Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
Color (color units) 15* n/a 1 1 No Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
Corrosivity (LSI) non-corrosive n/a 0.1 -0.2 - 0.4 No Elemental balance in water
Specific Conductance (pmho/cm) 1,600* n/a 671 518 - 890 No Substances that form ions in water
Sulfate (ppm) 500* n/a 109 41 - 177 No Runoff or leaching of natural deposits
Total Dissolved Solids (ppm) 1,000* n/a 384 278 - 528 No Runoff or leaching of natural deposits
Turbidity (NTU) 5* n/a 0.05 0.04 - 0.06 No Runoff or leaching of natural deposits
Unregulated Chemicals -Tested in 2003
Alkalinity (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 89 73 - 112 n/a Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
Boron (ppb) Not Regulated n/a 140 100 - 160 n/a Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
Calcium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 37 24 - 56 n/a Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
Hardness, total (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 164 109 - 237 n/a Runoff or leaching of natural deposits
Hardness, total (grains/gal) Not Regulated n/a 9.6 6.4 - 14 n/a Runoff or leaching of natural deposits
Magnesium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 18 12 - 24 n/a Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
pH (pH units) Not Regulated n/a 8.2 8.0 - 8.3 n/a Hydrogen ion concentration
Potassium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 3.2 2.7 - 4.0 n/a Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
Sodium (ppm) Not Regulated n/a 68 55 - 87 n/a Runoff or leaching from natural deposits
ppb =parts-per-billion; ppm =parts-per-million; pCi/L = picoC uries per liter; ntu =nephelometric turbidity units; pmho/cm = micromhos per centimeter;
ND =not detected; < =average is less than the detection limit for reporting purposes; MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level; (MCLG) =federal MCL Goal;
PHG =California Public Health Goal; n/a =not applicable; LSI = Langelier Saturation Index; *Contaminant is regulated by a secondary standard.
Turbidity -combined filter effluent Treatment Technique Turbidity Measurements TT Violation? Typical Source of Contaminant
1) Highest single turbidity measurement 0.3 NTU 0.06 No Soil run-off
2) Percentage of samples less than 0.3 NTU 95% 100% No Soil run-off
Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of the water, an indication of particulate matter, some of which might include harmful microorganisms.
Low turbidity in Metropolitan's treated water is a good indicator of effective filtration. Filtration is called a treatment technique.
A treatment technique is a required process intended to reduce the level of contaminants in drinking water that are difficult and sometimes impossible to measure directly
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water. Translate it, or speak with someone who understands it.
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The Continuing Quality of Your Water is Our Primary Concern
Immuno•Compromised People
Some people may be more wlnerable to contaminants in drinking
water than the general population. Immuno~compromised people,
such as those with cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy,
persons who have had organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS
or other immune system disorders, some elderly persons and infants
can be particularly a[ risk from infections. These people should seek
advice about drinking water from [heir health care providers.
Disinfection and Disinfection Byproducts
Disinfection of drinking water was one of the major public health
advances in the 20th century. Disinfet[ion was a major (actor in
reducing waterborne disease epidemics caused by pathogenic
bacteria and viruses, and it remains an essential par[ of drinking
water treatment today.
Chlorine disinfection has almost completely eliminated from our
lives the risks of microbial waterborne diseases. Chlorine is added
to your drinking water a[ the source of supply lgroundwater well or
surface water treatment planq. Enough chlorine is added so that it
does not completely dissipate through the distribution system pipes.
This "residual" chlorine helps to prevent the growth of bacteria in
the pipes that carry drinking water from the source into your home.
Source Water Assessments
Import (Metropolitan) Water Assessment
In December 2002, Metropolitan Water District of Southern
California completed its source water assessment of its Colorado
River and State Water Project supplies. Colorado River supplies are
considered to be most wlnerable to recreation, urban/storm water
runoff, increasing urbanization in the watershed and wastewater.
State Water Project supplies are considered [o be most wlnerable to
urbaNstorm water runoff, wildlife, agriculture, recreation and
wastewater. A copy of the assessment can be obtained by contacting
Metropolitan by phone at 1213) 217-6850.
Groundwater Assessment
An assessment of the drinking water sources for City of Tustin Water
Services was completed in December 2002. The groundwater
sources are considered most wlnerable [o the following activities
not associated with detected contaminants: Confirmed leaking
undergfound storage tanks, dry cleaners, and gas stations. The
groundwater sources are considered most vulnerable to the
following activities associated with contaminants detected in the
water supply: Known contaminant plumes, historic agricultural
activities and application of fertilizers, and sewer collection systems.
A copy of the complete assessment is available at Department of
Health Services Office of Drinking Water, Santa Ana District,
28 Civic Center Plaza Room 325, Santa Ana, CA 92701. You may
request a summary of the assessment by contacting the City of
Tustin Water Services at (714) 573-3382.
Want Additional Information?
There's a wealth of information on the interne[ about Drinking
Water Quality and water Issues in general. Some good sites -
both local and national - to begin your own investigation are:
Municipal Water District of Orange County
www.mwdoc.com
Orange County Water District
www.ocwd.com
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
www.mwdh20.com
California Department of Health Services, Division of Drinking
Water and Environmental Management
www.dhs.cahwnetgov/pyddwem
U.S. Environmemal Protection Agency
www.epa.gov/safewater/
Tattle Definitions
AL /Arlicn Level/: The concentration of a [onmmNant, which B exceeded, triggers sreasment or
other requiremems, which a water system must follow.
MCL (Maximum Conraminanr Leve:/~ The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in
drinking water. Primary MCL are set u close to the PHGs for MCLGsI as is eronomi<a0y antl
technologically feasible. Secondary MCIS 12ad MC4 are set to protect the odor, lane, and
awearan[e of arira;ng water.
MCLG Ihluimum Conominane LevrL GOa1L: Thelevel ofa[oorominan[in drinking water below
which (here ii no known or expeR¢tl risk to healN. MCI.Gs are set by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agenry.
PHC IPUWIC HealsD Goal/: The level of a rontaminant N drinking water below which Nere is no
know expected risk to health. PNGs are set by the CaOfomu Enviromn¢ntal Protxtion
~earyn or
Primary prinAing ~ ter s!dntlani or POl4s: MCIS for contaminants that affM health along
with their monitoring and reporting :equirements, and water treatment requirements.
T7 (7reannent f eDnlqurL' A requited process intentled [o retluce Ne level of a contaminant H
ddnk'ng water.
Fegularory Action LeveC The concentn[lon of a <ontaminut which, n exceeded, tuggers
trealm¢nt or oNw requnements which a water rystem must lollow.
/aronre: Stale or EPA permuston not to meet an MCL or a treatment technique antler certain
conditbns.
~a: Not appOCable.
N5: No stantlard established.
NTU Inephlamenlr r,vbid(y dn,kL' Meu«ement of th< clariry, ar [urbldlry, of voter.
pCUC (p(ccruriu per liter/: q measw¢ of [d¢ mtulal me of mdiW<UV¢ dlsint¢Bation.
mlrromhmlcm (mlrremhos pe+rendmererl.' Ameasure o(electdcal conduwance.
Meuurrmenu: Wales is sampled antl tested throughout Ne year. Connmimnu ue measured in
parts per million Ippml, parts per bilBan Ippbl, parts per tNlion tppn, and even patts per
quadrillion IPpgl. If this Is difficult to imagine, Wok about these comparisons:
Pdrb per million lmr/Ll: Parts per Dllllon (Pr/L/:
• 1 second in 12 days I second in 32 years
1p¢nny in El O,(q0 (penny in fl0 million
• t loth N 1 D miles I inch in 1e,000 miles
/f b impornnf m note, however, mat¢ven a small corrcenharion of ertain [on(amlrenh can
aarerseN all na walersuppry.
IDe sere al/owd us [o monlr«/ors con(ammancs Less Nan one peryear
because the con[ennations o{ these mntaminanR do not [hinge JrevvenrLy
some I our dav, enough represeNative, are more man oneyeardd.
However, chlorine can react with na[urally~occurring materials in the
water [o form unintended chemical byproducts, called disinfection
byproducts (DBPsI~ which may pose health risks. A major challenge
is how [o balance the risks from microbial pathogens and DBPs. It is
important to provide protection from these microbial pathogens
while simultaneously ensuring decreasing health risks from
disinfection byproducts. The Safe Drinking Water Ac[ requires the
USEPA [o develop rules to achieve these goals.
Trihalomethanes ITHMs) and Haloace[ic Acids (HAAS) are [he most
common and most studied DBPs found in drinking water treated
with chlorine. In 1979, the USEPA set the maximum amount of
total THMs allowed in drinking water at 100 parts per billion as an
annual running average. Effective in January 2002, the Stage 1
Disinfectants / Disinfection Byproducts Rule lowered the total THM
maximum annual average level to 80 parts per billion and added
HAAS to the list of regulated chemicals in drinking water. Your
drinking water complies with the Stage 1 Disinfectants /
Disinfection Byproducts Rule. In 2003, [he USEPA proposed a
Stage 2 regulation that will further reduce allowable levels of DBPs
in drinking water without compromising disinfection itself. This
regulation is due to be finalized by USEPA in 2005.
Nitrate
The maximum allowable level of nitrate in drinking water, also
called the maximum contaminant level or MCL, is 45 milligrams per
liter as nitrate Img/L as NOa). The niVa[e MCL can also be
expressed as I O milligrams per liter as nitrogen (mg/L as Nl. Both
numbers are equivalent values. A[ times, niVate in your tap water
may have exceeded one-half the MCL, but it was never greater than
the MCL. The following advisory is issued because in 2004 we
recorded nitrate measurements in the drinking water supply which
exceeded one-half the nitrate MCL.
"Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 45 mgJL for the equivalent
10 mg/L as NI is a health risk for infants of less than six months of
age. Such nitrate levels in drinking water can interfere with the
capacity of the infant's blood to carry oxygen, resulting in a serious
illness; symptoms include shortness of breath and blueness of [he
skin. Nitrate levels above 45 parts-per-million may also affect the
ability of [he blood to carry oxygen in other individuals, such as
pregnant women and [hose with certain specific enzyme
deficiencies. If you are caring for an infant, or you are pregnant,
you should ask advice from your health care provider."
2004 City of Tustin Groundwater Quality
PHG Average Range of MCL Most 0.ecenl Typical Source
Uemiral MCL (MCLG) Amount Detecions Violation? sampling note of Contaminant
Alpha Radiation (pCOU ~ 16 nla <3 ND-4 a No 2009 Eroson of Natural Deposits
aaeivm (pcilU s nla <t ND- t.1 No 2004 eosi«, of Natural ixpnsin
Uranium (oCIN 20 OS <2 ND-4.1 No 2004 Erasmn of Natural Deposi6
Q ND-29 No 2004 Erosion of Natural
DeteRions MCL ViolatlonT Tvoiral Source of Contaminant
m Reskual (ppm) 14141 0.9 0.3 - 1.a No Diinfenam added 1« trea[m
aiaity(~~~) B• O.1B 0.15-0.21 Na Erosion of natural deposits
Bacterial Quality MCl MCLG Highest Monthly Percent Positives MCL Violation? Typical Source of Contaminant
total Colil«m Banau 6% 0 3 3% No Naturally pesmt in the mvironmem
No moo wn sx of me,renmNsimples oar m w:iae for Wul xddwm bxteda.
The cadre«e d r cavxwire mbl <dibrm lariove sampky are d xhkh conoins feral <dilaMECOg, cwrsmum an ttute M(L vdauon.
Lead and copper Action Levels at Residential Taps
Action Level Heahh 90th Percentile Sites Exceeding AL / Al
(AL) Goal value Humber of saes Violation? rypkal source of contaminant
m.m,¢ don to liecmtd rne:arWes aggas treammt «weer r¢gdrarenn whkn a wale,vtem mat Idlow.
2004 Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Treated Surface Water
PHG, or Average flange of MCl -
Chemical MCL (MCLG) Amount Detections Violation? Typical Source of Contaminant
Inorganic Chemicals -rested in 2000
Fluoride llwml 2 t o.1e o.t4-o.2o No Erosim of oat«al aeposas
Nitrate arM Nitrite as N (ppm) 10 10 05 ND - 0.8 No Agrxuhure runoff and sewage
-00• Na 87 76-110 No Runoff «leach
15' Na 2 1-3 No Runoff «lea<h
.arrosrve Na 0.18 0.03-0.29 No Ekmen[al baWr
11
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N1U
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City of Tustin Distribution System Water Quality
Turbidity -combined filter effluent Treatment Technique Turbidity Measurements TT Violation? Typical Source of Contaminant
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This report contains important information about your drinking
water. Translate it, or speak with someone who understands it.
al..,il.. ric .~., ii I:u ~,~.i..~
.~..,..i, ~,l•,,.... r..,.,-u-n
Arabic
Der Bericht enth&h wichTige
Informatienen uber die Wasser-
quainiST In Threr Umgebung. Der
Berich} sollte entweder Offviell
ueberseM werden, oder
sprechen Sie miT Freunden
oder Bekannten, dle gute
Englischkenninisse besitzen
Cerrnan
of ~~MWI=,'1~1~17i~a1-
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Chinese
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Hindi
Cste informe contiene informo-
cion muy importance sobre su
agua potable. Para mas infor-
macan 6 Traduccion, favor de
coniactar a Mr. A. Valenzuela.
Telefono: (714) 5733382.
Spanish
Ce rapport contienT des
inforrrrations importances sur
vohe ea potable. TracNaserle
ou parlez en wec quelqu'un
qui le comprerxi bien.
French
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nubc trong song d8ng quy v1.
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d8 nay.
Vietnamese
2006
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City of Tustin
Water Services
a - ~ r,~ 300 Centennial Way
- Tustin, California 92780
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The Continuing Quality of Your Water is Our Primary Concern
Immuno-Compromised People
Some people may be mare wlnerable to contaminants in drinking water than
the general popuUtlon.lmmuno-compromised people, such as those with
cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have had organ trans-
plants, people with HN/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderty
persons and infants can be particularry at risk from infettions. These people
should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers.
Disinfection and Disinfection Byproducts
Disinfection of dnnking water was one of the major public health advances
in the 20th century. Disinfection was a major factor in reducing waterborne
disease epidemics caused by pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and it remains
an essentul part of drinking water treatment today.
Chlorine disinfection has almost completely eliminated from our lives [he
risks of microbial waterborne diseases. Chlorine is added to your drinking
water at the source of suppy ggroundwater well or surface water treatment
planlJ. Enough chlorine is added so that it does not compie[ety dissipate
through the disVibution system pipes. This "residual" chlorine helps to
prevent the growth of bacteria in the pipes that carry drinking water from
[he source into your home.
However, chlorine can react with naturauy-occurring materials in the water
to form unintended chemical byproducts, called disinfection byproducts
IDBPsI, which may pose health risks. A major challenge is how to balance
the risks from microbial pathogens and DBPS. It is important to provide
protection from these microbial pathogens while simultaneously ensuring
decreasing health risks from disinfection byproducts. The Sate Drinking
Water Act requires the USEPA to develop rules to achieve these goals.
Trihalomethanes ITHMsI and Haloacetic Acids (HAAsI are the most common
and most studied DBPS found m dnnking water treated with chlorine. In
1979, the USEPA set the maximum amount of total THMs allowed in
drinking water at 100 parts per billion as an annual running average.
Btlective in January 2002, the Stage 1 Disinfectants / Disinfection
Byproducts Rule lowered the total THM maximum annual average level to 80
pans per billion and added HAAS t0 the list of regulated Memicais in
drinking water Your drinking water complies with the Stage 1 Disinfectants /
Disinfection Byproducts Rule. In 2003, the USEPA proposed a Stage 2
regulation that will further control allowable levels of DBPS in drinking water
without compromising disinfection itself. This reguation was fina8zed 6y
USEPA in January 2006.
Arsenic
Arsen s an element that occurs in the earth's crust. Accordingly, there are
natural sources of exposure. Exposure to arsenic at high levels can pose
us health effects, as it is known to cause skin cancer and other cancers
of the internal organs. In addition, it has been reported to affect the vascular
system and has been associated with the development of diabetes. The USEPA
established a maximum contaminant level IMCL) for amenic of 50 pans per
billion in 1975. In January 2002, USEPA adapted a new standard for amenic
in drinking water that requires publi<water supplies ro reduce arsenic to
10 parts per billion by January 2006. Groundwater and imported water
supplies in Orange County genemky range between non-detectable levels
and 5 parts per Killion.
The California Health 8 Safely Cade requires the CDHS to adopt a new
California MCL for arsenic by June 30, 2004. Although this deadline has
passed without a proposed regulation, it is anticipated that the CDHS could
propose a California arsenic MCL which is lower than the federal MCL
sometime in 2006.
Source Water Assessments
Imported (Metropolitan) Water Assessment
In December 2002, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
ompleted its source water assessment of its Colorado River and State Water
Project supplies. Colorado River supplies are considered m 6e most wlner-
able rorecreation, urbaNsmrm water runoff, increasing urbanization in the
watershed and wastewater. State Water Project supplies are considered to be
most wlnerable to urban storm water runoff, wildlife, agriculture, recreation
and wastewater. A copy of the assessment can be ohtained by contacting
Metropolitan by phone at 1213) 217-6850.
Groundwater Assessment
An assessment of the drinking water sources for the City of Tustin Wacer
Services was completed in December 2002. The groundwater sources are
considered most wlnerable to the following activities not associated with
detected contaminants: Confirmed leaking underground storage tanks, dry
cleaners, and gas stations. The groundwater sources are considered most
wlnerable to the fallowing activities associated with contaminants detected
in the water supply: Known contaminant plumes, historic agriculNral
activities and application of fertilizers, and sewer collection systems.
A copy of the complete assessment is available at Department of Health
Services Office of Drinking Water, Santa Ana DisMCt, 28 Civic Center Plaza
Room 325, Santa Ana, CA 92701. You may request a summary of [he assess
merit Dy contacting the City of Tustin Water Services at 17141 573-3382.
Want Additional Information?
There's a wealth of information on the interne[ about Drinking
Water Quality and water issues in general. Same good sites -
both local and national - [o begin your own investigation are:
Municipal Water District of Orange County
www.mwdoccom
Orange County Water District
www.ocwd.com
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
www.mwdh2o.com
California Department of Health Services, Division of Drinking
Water and Environmental Management
www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/ddwem
IJ.S. Environmental Protection Agency
www.epa. gov/sa(ewater/
Table Definitions
MCL /Maxymum Conmmirtant Leml): the higpen level of a contaminant that is
allowed in dnnking water. Primary MCis are set as close to the PHGs for MCI,GsI
az is economically and technolopjcalty feasible. Secondary MCIs 12nd MCL) are
set to protect the odor, taste, and appearan a of drinking water.
MCCC (Maximum Contaminant level Coe(/: cThe level of a comamioant in drinking
water below wMch Nere is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs ue set
by the U.S. Environmemal Protection Agency.
MROL (Maximum Residual Disin/eerant Level: The level of a disWectan[ added for
water treatment that may not he exceeded at a consumer's tap.
MROLG /Marlmum Residua! DisinJecrant Level Coall: The level of a disinfettant
added for water treatment below which Nere is no known or expeced risk [o
health. MRDLGs are set 6y [he USEPA.
PNC /Pnbli[ HealN Goa!/: The level of a contaminant in drinking water below
wNch there is no known or expeced risk to healN. PNGs are set by the Californu
Environmental Rotectlon Agenry.
Primary Drinking Wacer standard or POW's MCIS for contaminants that affect
health along with their moNtoring and reporting requirements, and water
treatment requirements.
TT (7Fearmenf Technique/: A required process intended to reduce the level of a
con[amkunt in drinking water.
Regulatory Action Ln~el: The concentm[ion of a rontaminant which, if exceeded,
triggers treatment or oNer requirements that a water rystem must follow.
Measurements: Water is sampled and tested throughout the year. Contaminants are
measured in parts per million IDPmj, parts per billion (ppbi, parts per trillion
(pp[I, and even parts per quadrillion Ippql. If this u difficult to imagine, Nink
about these comparisons:
Parb per mlllton lmg/L/: Parts per billion (yg/L):
• 1 second in 12 days I second in 32 years
• 1 penny in E 10,000 I penny in E I O million
• 1 inch in 16 miles 1 inch in 16,000 miles
!t tr important to note, however, that even a small <oncenmadon oJcercaln
<onfaminanft can adversey a~ to water supply
The Slate al/ows us to monfror(or some contaminants less than once per rear
because the concenmallons of these contaminants do not change/requenlty.
Some o/our data, though represenmtive, are more than one year old.
Nitrate
The maximum allowable level of nitrate in dnnking water, also called the
aximum contaminant level or MCL, is 45 milligrams per liter as nitrate
(mpJL as NOsI. The nimate MCL can also 6e expressed as 10 milligrams per
liter as nitrogen (mp/L as Nj. Both numbers are equivalent values. At times,
nitrate in your tap water may have exceeded one-haR the MCI, Dut it was
never greater than [he MCL The following advisory is issued because in
2005 the City of Tustin recorded nitrate measurements N the drinking water
supply which exceeded one-half the nitmte MCL
Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 45 my/L (or the equivalent 10 mg/L
as NI is a health risk for infants of less than six months of age. Such nitmte
levels in dnnking water can interfere with the capacity of the infant's blood
to carry oxygen, resulting in serious illness; symptoms include shortness of
hreath and blueness of the skin. Nitrate levels above 45 patts-per-million
may also affect the ability of the blood to carry oxygen in other individuals,
such as pregnant women and those with certain specific enzyme deficiencies.
If you are caring for an infant, or you are pregnant, you should ask advice
from your health care provider.
2005 City of Tustin Groundwater Quality
PHG Average Range of MCL Most Rxent Typical Source
Disinfection MCL Average Range of MCL Typical Source
e.....M~~.a. rMRnl/MRnl ft Amnrnt OMe[[ions Violation? Of COnieminartt
BO 29
0.15-0.3
Lead and Copper Action Levels at Residential Taps
Anion Level Heahh 90th Pertentile Sites Exceeding AL / Al
(ALI Goal Value Number of Sites Violatlon7 Typkal Source of Contaminant
i•,n r~AS tt > NIkS 0IM No Cartosion al househWd Olumbirp
2005 Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Treated Surface Water
pNG, or Average Rarrge of MCL
Uemlral MCL (MCLGI Amount OetMions VlOleton7 Typkal Source o/ Contaminant
Radiologi<alz -Tested in 2005
Alpha Radiation (pCVI) 15 (0) <3 ND - 3.2 No Decay of man-made a natural deposits
e t R d' [' IpC'IL) 50 (0) 48 ND- 64 No Eraiwn of naNral deposits
Inorganic Qlemicals -Tested in 2005
,rowe
runaH
imR,:ade mmeazRa ai,e<dt
2005 City of Tustin Distribution System Water Quality
Turbidity -combined finer effluent TreaVneM technique Turbidity Measurements TT Vlolation7 Typical Source of Contaminant