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HomeMy WebLinkAbout06 TAXABLE WATER REFUNDING REVENUE BONDS SERIES 2020AGENDA REPORT Agenda Item 6 Reviewed.- City eviewed:City Manager MEETING DATE: FEBRUARY 4, 2020 TO: MATTHEW S. WEST, CITY MANAGER FROM: JOHN A. BUCHANAN, FINANCE DIRECTOR SUBJECT: A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE ISSUANCE OF CITY OF TUSTIN (ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA) TAXABLE WATER REFUNDING REVENUE BONDS, SERIES 2020, APPROVING THE FORM AND AUTHORIZING EXECUTION OF AN INDENTURE OF TRUST, AN ESCROW AGREEMENT, A BOND PURCHASE AGREEMENT, A PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT AND A CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE AND AUTHORIZING ACTIONS RELATED THERETO SUMMARY: Approval by the City of Tustin ("City") is requested to authorize the issuance of City of Tustin Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "2020 Bonds") to refinance the 2013 Water Revenue Bonds (the "2013 Bonds") to take advantage of lower interest rates to reduce the annual debt service payments. RECOMMENDATION: It is recommended that: • THE CITY COUNCIL ADOPT CITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 20-07 ENTITLED: RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE ISSUANCE OF CITY OF TUSTIN (ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA) TAXABLE WATER REFUNDING REVENUE BONDS, SERIES 2020, APPROVING THE FORM AND AUTHORIZING EXECUTION OF AN INDENTURE OF TRUST, AN ESCROW AGREEMENT, A BOND PURCHASE AGREEMENT, A PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT AND A CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE AND AUTHORIZING ACTIONS RELATED THERETO FISCAL IMPACT: The Bonds will have no financial impact on the City's General Fund, as all payments of principal and interest on the Bonds will be paid solely from the net revenues of the Water Enterprise Fund. It is estimated that the refunding of the 2013 Bonds on a taxable basis Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 Page 2 will reduce annual debt service payments by $91,000 per year, totaling approximately $1.36 million in net present value savings over the remaining term of the Bonds. CORRELATION TO THE STRATEGIC PLAN: The adoption of new water rates implements strategy number five (5) of Goal C: Financial Strength. BACKGROUND: The City, working with its Municipal Advisor, Fieldman, Rolapp & Associates, has determined that, due to prevailing financial market conditions, it is in the best interests of the City at this time to refund the 2013 Bonds. The $14.05 million 2013 Bonds were issued to fund the Water System Improvements Projects. The 2013 Bonds mature in 2043. ANALYSIS: The resolution being presented for approval authorizes the issuance of the Bonds and approves the form and authorizes execution of the related financing documents including a draft of a Preliminary Official Statement that describes the terms of the Bonds. The resolution contains parameters that limit the Underwriter's Discount with respect to the Bonds to not more than 0.6% of the par amount of the Bonds and that the Bonds provide net present value savings to the City of at least 5% as compared to the debt service on the 2013 Bonds. The financing documents will be finalized when the exact terms of the Bonds are determined at the time the Bonds are sold, anticipated to occur around February 12th with an anticipated bond closing of February 27th. The forms of the documents to be approved are: • Indenture of Trust — The Indenture is a contract between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, acting as Trustee. The Indenture specifies the dated date, maturity date or dates, interest rate or rates, interest payment dates, denominations, forms, registration privileges, manner of execution, place or places of payment, terms of redemption and other terms of the Bonds. • Escrow Agreement — The Escrow Agreement is a document between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, acting as Escrow Agent specifying the terms and conditions to provide for the payment and redemption of the outstanding 2013 Bonds. • Bond Purchase Agreement — The Bond Purchase Agreement is a contract between the City and Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, as underwriter (the "Underwriter"), whereby the City agrees to sell the Bonds to the Underwriter and the Underwriter agrees to buy the Bonds from the City for resale to the public. Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 Page 3 • Preliminary Official Statement — The Preliminary Official Statement is the offering statement used by the Underwriter to inform the marketplace of the terms of the Bonds and contains all relevant information for the investor to decide whether to purchase the Bonds. • Continuing Disclosure Certificate - Contained in the Preliminary Official Statement is the form of the Continuing Disclosure Certificate, which requires the City to submit annual continuing disclosure reports and notice of certain listed events to the marketplace as long as the Bonds are outstanding. Applied Best Practices, as dissemination agent, assists the City with this responsibility. Pursuant to the requirements of Section 5852.1 of the California Government Code ("Code"), set forth below are good faith estimates provided by the Municipal Advisor, based on market conditions as of January 9, 2020. The following estimates and the final costs .will depend on market conditions and can be expected to vary from the estimated amounts set forth below. • The true interest cost of the Bonds is estimated at 3.36% calculated as provided in Section 5852.1(a)(1)(A) of the Code. • The finance charge of the Bonds, including all fees and charges paid to third parties, including underwriter's discount, is estimated at $276,225. • Proceeds of the Bonds received by the Authority for the sale of the Bonds, less the finance charge, is equal to $14,954,699. • The total payment amount calculated as provided in Section 5852.1(a)(1)(D) of the Code is estimated at $22,778,152. Refunding Process and Next Steps: It is anticipated that the refunding will take approximately three months to complete. The key milestones to complete the refunding are identified below: • City Council approved the initiation of proceedings to refund outstanding 2013 Bonds and approved the engagement of professionals (November 19, 2019) • Secured underlying credit rating from Standard & Poor's (January _, 2020) • City Council Approval of the Preliminary Official Statement and remaining financing documents and legal documents (Tonight's Action) • Negotiated sale of Refunding Bonds (February 12, 2020) • Bond Closing (February 27, 2020) • Prior Bonds Called (April 2022) The City Council resolution being presented for approval authorizes the issuance of the 2020 Bonds to refinance the 2013 Water Revenue Bonds (the "2013 Bonds") to take advantage of lower interest rates to reduce the annual debt service payments. Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 Page 4 J n A. Buchanan anc Director Attachments 1. Resolution No. 20-07 2. Indenture of Trust 3. Escrow Agreement 4. Bond Purchase Agreement 5. Preliminary Official Statement 6. Continuing Disclosure Certificate CITY OF TUSTIN RESOLUTION NO. 20-07 RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE ISSUANCE OF CITY OF TUSTIN (ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA) TAXABLE WATER REFUNDING REVENUE BONDS, SERIES 2020, APPROVING THE FORM AND AUTHORIZING EXECUTION OF AN INDENTURE OF TRUST, AN ESCROW AGREEMENT, A BOND PURCHASE AGREEMENT, A PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT AND A CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE AND AUTHORIZING ACTIONS RELATED THERETO RESOLVED, by the City Council (the "Council") of the City of Tustin (the "City"), as follows: WHEREAS, the Tustin Public Financing Authority (the "Authority") has heretofore issued its $14,045,000 Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds, of which $13,810,000 remains outstanding (the "2013 Bonds"), pursuant to an indenture of trust, dated as of October 1, 2013, by and between the Authority and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the "Trustee"), for the purpose of financing the improvement, betterment, renovation and expansion of certain facilities within the City's municipal water enterprise (the "Enterprise"); WHEREAS, debt service on the 2013 Bonds is paid from revenues comprised of payments (the "2013 Installment Payments") made by the City under an installment sale agreement, dated as October 1, 2013, by and between the Authority and the City; WHEREAS, Article 10 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 (commencing with section 53570) of the California Government Code (the "Refunding Bond Law") authorizes the City to issue its refunding bonds for the purpose of refunding obligations of the City; WHEREAS, the City, after due investigation and deliberation, has determined that it is in the interests of the City at this time to provide for the issuance of bonds under the Refunding Bond Law to provide for the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments and refunding of the 2013 Bonds; WHEREAS, to that end, the City has determined to issue its City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "2020 Bonds"), pursuant to an indenture of trust (the "Indenture"), by and between the City and the Trustee; WHEREAS, the 2020 Bonds will be secured by a pledge of the net revenues generated by the Enterprise on a parity with its debt service obligations with respect to the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority (Orange County, California) 2012 Refunding Water Revenue Bonds and the outstanding City of Tustin (Orange County, California) 2016 Water Refunding Revenue Bonds; WHEREAS, the firm of Stifel Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (the "Underwriter") has proposed to purchase and underwrite the 2020 Bonds; and WHEREAS, the Council has duly considered such transactions and wishes at this time to approve said transactions in the public interests of the City; NOW, THEREFORE, it is hereby ORDERED and DETERMINED, as follows: SECTION 1. Determination to Carry Out Refunding. The Council hereby determines to carry out the issuance and sale of the 2020 Bonds, the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments and the refunding of the 2013 Bonds. SECTION 2. Issuance of the 2020 Bonds; Approval of Indenture. (a) The Council hereby authorizes the issuance of the 2020 Bonds. (b) The 2020 Bonds shall be issued pursuant to the Indenture. The Council hereby approves the Indenture in the form on file with the City Clerk, together with such non -material additions thereto and changes therein as the Mayor, the Mayor Pro Tem, the City Manager or the Finance Director, or any designee thereof (the "Designated Officers"), shall deem necessary, desirable or appropriate, the execution of which by the City shall be conclusive evidence of the approval of any such non -material additions and changes. The Designated Officers, each acting alone, are hereby authorized and directed to execute, and the City Clerk is hereby authorized and directed to attest to, the final form of the Indenture for and in the name and on behalf of the City. The Council hereby authorizes the delivery and performance of the Indenture. SECTION 3. Approval of Escrow Agreement. The Council hereby approves an escrow agreement (the "Escrow Agreement"), by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as escrow bank, in the form on file with the City Clerk, together with any changes therein or additions thereto deemed advisable by any Designated Officer, desirable or appropriate, the execution of which by a Designated Officer shall be conclusive evidence of the approval of any such non -material additions and changes. The Designated Officers, each acting alone, are hereby authorized and directed to execute, and the City Clerk is hereby authorized and directed to attest to, the final form of the Escrow Agreement for and in the name and on behalf of the City. The Council hereby authorizes the delivery and performance of the Escrow Agreement. SECTION 4. Sale of 2020 Bonds. The Council hereby approves the sale of the 2020 Bonds by negotiation with the Underwriter pursuant to a bond purchase agreement (the "Bond Purchase Agreement") in the form on file with the City Clerk, together with such non -material additions thereto and changes therein as a Designated Officer shall deem necessary, desirable 2 or appropriate, the execution of which by the City shall be conclusive evidence of the approval of any such non -material additions and changes, so long as the debt service on the 2020 Bonds, as compared to the debt service with respect to the 2013 Bonds, provides net present value savings to the City of at least 5%. The Designated Officers, each acting alone, are hereby authorized and directed to execute the final form of the Bond Purchase Agreement for and in the name and on behalf of the City upon the submission of an offer by the Underwriter to purchase the 2020 Bonds, which offer is acceptable to a Designated Officer and consistent with the requirements of this Resolution. The amount of Underwriter's discount for the 2020 Bonds shall be not more than 0.6% of the par amount thereof (not taking into account any original issue discount on the sale thereof). SECTION 5. Official Statement. The Council hereby approves the Preliminary Official Statement, in the form on file with the City Clerk, together with any changes therein or additions thereto deemed advisable by any Designated Officer. The Council authorizes and directs any Designated Officer to deem the Preliminary Official Statement "final" for purposes of Rule 15c2- 12 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Rule"). Any Designated Officer is authorized and directed to cause the Preliminary Official Statement to be brought into the form of a final official statement (the "Final Official Statement") and to execute said Final Official Statement, dated as of the date of the sale of the 2020 Bonds, and a statement that the facts contained in the Final Official Statement, and any supplement or amendment thereto (which shall be deemed an original part thereof for the purpose of such statement) were, at the time of sale of the 2020 Bonds, true and correct in all material respects and that the Final Official Statement did not, on the date of sale of the 2020 Bonds, and does not, as of the date of delivery of the 2020 Bonds, contain any untrue statement of a material fact with respect to the City or omit to state material facts with respect to the City required to be stated where necessary to make any statement made therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which it was made. The Designated Officers shall take such further actions prior to the signing of the Final Official Statement as are deemed necessary or appropriate to verify the accuracy thereof. The execution of the final Official Statement, which shall include such changes and additions thereto deemed advisable by any Designated Officer and such information permitted to be excluded from the Preliminary Official Statement pursuant to the Rule, shall be conclusive evidence of the approval of the final Official Statement by the City. The Final Official Statement, when prepared, is approved for distribution in connection with the offering and sale of the 2020 Bonds. SECTION 6. Continuing .Disclosure Certificate. The Council hereby approves a continuing disclosure certificate (the "Continuing Disclosure Certificate"), in the form on file with the City Clerk, together with any changes therein or additions thereto deemed advisable by any Designated Officer, the execution of which by the City shall be conclusive evidence of the approval of any such non -material additions and changes. The Designated Officers, each acting alone, are hereby authorized and directed to execute the final form of the Continuing Disclosure 3 Certificate for and in the name and on behalf of the City. The City hereby authorizes the delivery and performance of the Continuing Disclosure Certificate. SECTION 7. Official Actions. The Mayor, the Mayor Pro Tem, the City Manager, the Director of Finance, the City Clerk and any and all other officers of the City are hereby authorized and directed, for and in the name and on behalf of the City, to do any and all things and take any and all actions, including execution and delivery of any and all assignments, certificates, requisitions, agreements, notices, consents, instruments of conveyance, warrants and other documents, which they, or any of them, may deem necessary or advisable in order to consummate the lawful issuance and sale of the 2020 Bonds and the consummation of the transactions as described herein. SECTION 8. Effective Date. This Resolution shall take effect from and after the date of its passage and adoption. ************ This resolution is hereby approved and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Tustin held on February 4, 2020, by the following vote: AYES: NOES: ABSTAIN: ABSENT: ATTEST Erica N. Yasuda, City Clerk Dr. Allan Bernstein, Mayor 4 Quint&Thimmig LLP 11/21/19 12/17/19 01/01/20 INDENTURE OF TRUST by and between the CITY OF TUSTIN and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee Dated as of February 1, 2020 Relating to the City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 20015.09 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS;RULES OF CONSTRUCTION;EQUAL SECURITY Section 1.01.Definitions 3 ARTICLE II THE BONDS Section 2.01.Authorization of Bonds 12 Section 2.02.Terms of Bonds 12 Section 2.03.Form of Bonds 13 Section 2.04.Execution of Bonds 13 Section 2.05.Transfer of Bonds 13 Section 2.06.Exchange of Bonds 14 Section 2.07.Temporary Bonds 14 Section 2.08.Bond Registration Books 14 Section 2.09.Bonds Mutilated,Lost,Destroyed or Stolen 14 Section 2.10.Book-Entry System 15 ARTICLE III ISSUE OF BONDS;APPLICATION OF PROCEEDS;COSTS OF ISSUANCE FUND Section 3.01.Issuance of Bonds 17 Section 3.02.Application of Proceeds of Bonds 17 Section 3.03.Establishment and Application of Costs of Issuance Fund 17 Section 3.04.Validity of Bonds 17 ARTICLE IV REDEMPTION OF BONDS Section 4.01.No Redemption 19 Section 4.02.Selection of Bonds for Redemption 19 Section 4.03.Notice of Redemption 19 Section 4.04.Partial Redemption of Bonds 20 Section 4.05.Effect of Redemption 20 ARTICLE V GROSS REVENUES;NET REVENUES Section 5.01.Pledge of Net Revenues 22 Section 5.02.Receipt,Deposit and Application of Gross Revenues and Net Revenues 22 Section 5.03.Application of Interest Account 23 Section 5.04.Application of Principal Account 23 Section 5.05.Application of Sinking Account 23 Section 5.07.Investment of Moneys in Funds and Accounts 24 ARTICLE VI COVENANTS OF THE CITY Section 6.01.Punctual Payment 25 Section 6.02.Extension of Payment of Bonds 25 Section 6.03.Discharge of Claims 25 Section 6.04.Operation of Enterprise in Efficient and Economical Manner 25 Section 6.05.Against Encumbrance 25 -i- Section 6.06.Records and Accounts 26 Section 6.07.Rates and Charges 26 Section 6.08.Limitations on Future Obligations Secured by Net Revenues 27 Section 6.09.Further Assurances 28 Section 6.10.Waiver of Laws 28 Section 6.11.Continuing Disclosure 29 ARTICLE VII MAINTENANCE;TAXES;INSURANCE AND CONDEMNATION Section 7.01.Maintenance and Operation of the Enterprise 30 Section 7.02.Taxes,Assessments,Other Governmental Charges and Utility Charges 30 Section 7.03.Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance 30 Section 7.04.Casualty Insurance 30 Section 7.05.Insurance Net Proceeds;Form of Policies 31 Section 7.06.Eminent Domain 31 ARTICLE VIII EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES OF BONDOWNERS Section 8.01.Events of Default 32 Section 8.02.Acceleration of Maturities 32 Section 8.03.Application of Net Revenues and Other Funds After Default 33 Section 8.04.Trustee to Represent Bondowners 34 Section 8.05.Bondowners'Direction of Proceedings 34 Section 8.06.Limitation on Bondowners'Right to Sue 34 Section 8.07.Absolute Obligation of City 35 Section 8.08.Termination of Proceedings 35 Section 8.09.Remedies Not Exclusive 35 Section 8.10.No Waiver of Default 35 ARTICLE IX THE TRUSTEE Section 9.01.Appointment of Trustee;Duties,Immunities and Liabilities of Trustee 36 Section 9.02.Merger or Consolidation 37 Section 9.03.Liability of Trustee 37 Section 9.04.Right of Trustee to Rely on Documents 39 Section 9.05.Preservation and Inspection of Documents 40 Section 9.06.Compensation of Trustee 40 Section 9.07.Indemnification 40 ARTICLE X MODIFICATION OR AMENDMENT OF THE INDENTURE Section 10.01.Amendments Permitted 41 Section 10.02.Effect of Supplemental Indenture 42 Section 10.03.Endorsement of Bonds;Preparation of New Bonds 42 Section 10.04.Amendment of Particular Bonds 42 ARTICLE XI DEFEASANCE Section 11.01.Discharge of Indenture 43 Section 11.02.Discharge of Liability on Bonds 43 Section 11.03.Deposit of Money or Securities with Trustee 43 Section 11.04.Payment of Bonds After Discharge of Indenture 44 -ii- ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS Section 12.01.Liability of City Limited to Net Revenues 45 Section 12.02.Successor Is Deemed Included in All References to Predecessor 45 Section 12.03.Limitation of Rights to Parties and Bondowners 45 Section 12.04.Waiver of Notice 45 Section 12.05.Destruction of Bonds 45 Section 12.06. Severability of Invalid Provisions 45 Section 12.07.Notices 45 Section 12.08.Evidence of Rights of Bondowners 46 Section 12.09.Disqualified Bonds 46 Section 12.10.Money Held for Particular Bonds 47 Section 12.11.Funds and Accounts 47 Section 12.12.Article and Section Headings and References 47 Section 12.13.Waiver of Personal Liability 47 Section 12.14. Execution in Several Counterparts 47 Section 12.15. Governing Law 47 EXHIBIT A—FORM OF BOND -iii- INDENTURE OF TRUST This INDENTURE OF TRUST, is dated as of February 1, 2020 (the "Indenture"), by and between the CITY OF TUSTIN, a municipal corporation and general law city organized and existing under the constitution and laws of the State of California (the "City"), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., a national banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, with a corporate trust office in Los Angeles, California, and being qualified to accept and administer the trusts hereby created (the "Trustee"); WITNESSETH : WHEREAS, the Tustin Public Financing Authority (the "Authority") has heretofore issued its $14,045,000 Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds, of which $13,810,000 remains outstanding (the "2013 Bonds"), pursuant to an indenture of trust, dated as of October 1, 2013, by and between the Authority and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the "Trustee"), for the purpose of financing the improvement, betterment, renovation and expansion of certain facilities within the City's municipal water enterprise (the "Enterprise"); WHEREAS, debt service on the 2013 Bonds is paid from revenues comprised of payments (the "2013 Installment Payments") made by the City under an installment sale agreement, dated as October 1, 2013,by and between the Authority and the City; WHEREAS, Article 10 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 (commencing with section 53570) of the California Government Code (the "Refunding Bond Law") authorizes the City to issue its refunding bonds for the purpose of refunding obligations of the City; WHEREAS, the City, after due investigation and deliberation, has determined that it is in the interests of the City at this time to provide for the issuance of bonds under the Refunding Bond Law to provide for the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments and refunding of the 2013 Bonds; WHEREAS, to that end, the City has determined to issue its $ City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "Bonds"), pursuant to this Indenture; WHEREAS, in order to provide for the authentication and delivery of the Bonds, to establish and declare the terms and conditions upon which the Bonds are to be issued and secured and to secure the payment of the principal thereof and premium (if any) and of the interest thereon, the City Council of the City has authorized the execution of this Indenture; WHEREAS, all Bonds issued under this Indenture will be secured by a pledge of the Net Revenues, as defined herein, and certain other moneys and securities held by the Trustee hereunder; and WHEREAS, all acts and proceedings required by law necessary to make the Bonds, when executed by the City, authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and duly issued, the valid, binding and legal special obligations of the City, and to constitute this Indenture a valid and binding agreement for the uses and purposes herein set forth, in accordance with its terms, have been done and taken; and the execution and delivery of this Indenture have been in all respects duly authorized. NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH, that in order to secure the payment of the principal of and premium (if any) and interest on all Bonds at any time issued and Outstanding under this Indenture, according to their tenor, and to secure the performance and observance of all the covenants and conditions therein and herein set forth, and to declare the terms and conditions upon and subject to which the Bonds are to be issued and received, and in consideration of the premises and of the mutual covenants herein contained and of the purchase and acceptance of the Bonds by the owners thereof, and for other valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the City does hereby covenant and agree with the Trustee, for the benefit of the respective owners from time to time of the Bonds, as follows: -2- ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS; RULES OF CONSTRUCTION;EQUAL SECURITY Section 1.01. Definitions. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms defined in this Section 1.01 shall for all purposes of this Indenture and of any Supplemental Indenture and of any certificate, opinion, request or other documents herein mentioned, have the meanings herein specified, to be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of any of the terms herein defined. "Annual Debt Service" means, for each Fiscal Year, the aggregate amount (without duplication)of principal and interest with respect to the Bonds and all Parity Obligations. "Authorized Officer" means, with respect to the City, its Mayor, City Manager, Treasurer, Finance Director or any other person designated as an Authorized Representative of the City by a Written Certificate of the City signed by its Mayor and filed with the Trustee. "Average Annual Debt Service" means, with respect to any portion of the Outstanding Bonds and Parity Obligations for which the calculation is being made, the average Annual Debt Service during the period from the date of calculation through the final maturity date of all of such Outstanding Bonds and Parity Obligations. "Bond Fund" means the fund by that name established pursuant to Section 5.01. "Bond Registration Books" means the books maintained by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.08 for the registration and transfer of ownership of the Bonds. "Bonds" means the City's Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020, issued and at any time Outstanding hereunder. "Bond Year" means any twelve-month period commencing on April 2 in a year and ending on the next succeeding April 1,both dates inclusive;provided,however, that the first Bond Year shall commence on the Closing Date relating to the Bonds and shall end on April 1, 2020. "Business Day" means a day of the year on which banks in Los Angeles, California, or Los Angeles, California, are not required or authorized to remain closed and on which The New York Stock Exchange is not closed. "Certificate," "Statement," "Request," "Requisition" and "Order" of the City mean, respectively, a written certificate, statement, request, requisition or order signed in the name of the City by an Authorized Officer of the City. Any such instrument and supporting opinions or representations, if any, may, but need not, be combined in a single instrument with any other instrument, opinion or representation, and the two or more so combined shall be read and construed as a single instrument. "City" means the City of Tustin, a municipal corporation and general law city organized and existing under the constitution and laws of the State, and any successor thereto. "City Council" means the City Council of the City. -3- "Closing Date" means February 27, 2020, the date upon which there is an exchange of the Bonds for the proceeds representing the purchase of the Bonds by the Original Purchaser thereof. "Continuing Disclosure Certificate" means that certain Continuing Disclosure Certificate executed by the City and dated the date of issuance and delivery of the Bonds, as originally executed and as it may be amended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof. "Costs of Issuance" means all items of expense directly or indirectly payable by or reimbursable to the City relating to the authorization, issuance, sale and delivery of the Bonds, including but not limited to printing expenses, operating expenses, rating agency fees, filing and recording fees, initial fees and charges and first annual administrative fee of the Trustee and fees and expenses of its counsel, fees, charges and disbursements of attorneys, financial advisors, fiscal consultants, accounting firms, consultants and other professionals, fees and charges for preparation, execution and safekeeping of the Bonds and any other cost, charge or fee in connection with the original issuance of the Bonds. "Costs of Issuance Fund" means the fund so designated and established pursuant to Section 3.03. "Debt Service" means, during any period of computation, the amount obtained for such period by totaling the following amounts: (a) The principal components of the Bonds and principal payments with respect to Parity Obligations coming due and payable by their terms in such period; and (b) The interest component of the Bonds and interest payments with respect to Parity Obligations which would be due during such period on the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds and principal payments with respect to Parity Obligations that would be unpaid in such period if the Bonds and payments with respect to Parity Obligations are retired as scheduled, but deducting and excluding from such aggregate amount the amount of Bonds and payments with respect to Parity Obligations no longer unpaid. "Enterprise" means any and all facilities, properties and improvements at any time controlled or operated by the City used or pertaining to the supply of water, consisting of the entire water production and distribution enterprise of the City, including all additions, extensions, expansions, improvements and betterments thereto and equippings thereof and any necessary lands, rights of way and other real and personal property useful in connection therewith, but exclusive of any portion of the existing system not required for the continued operation thereof; provided, however, that to the extent the City is not the sole owner of an asset or property, or lessee thereof from the City, only the City's ownership interest in such asset or property or leasehold interest therein from the City, shall be considered a part of the Enterprise. "Escrow Agreement" means that certain Escrow Agreement, dated the Closing Date, by and between the City and the Escrow Bank, providing for the defeasance of the 2013 Installment Payments and the 2013 Bonds. "Escrow Bank" means The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., appointed by the City to act as escrow bank under the Escrow Agreement, and its assigns or any other corporation or association which may at any time be substituted in its place, as provided in the Escrow Agreement. -4- "Escrow Fund" means the fund by that name established pursuant to the Escrow Agreement. "Event of Default" means any of the events of default described in Section 8.01. "Fair Market Value" means the price at which a willing buyer would purchase the investment from a willing seller in a bona fide, arm's length transaction (determined as of the date the contract to purchase or sell the investment becomes binding)if the investment is traded on an established securities market (within the meaning of section 1273 of the Code) and, otherwise, the term "Fair Market Value" means the acquisition price in a bona fide arm's length transaction (as referenced above) if (i) the investment is a certificate of deposit that is acquired in accordance with applicable regulations under the Code, (ii) the investment is an agreement with specifically negotiated withdrawal or reinvestment provisions and a specifically negotiated interest rate (for example, a guaranteed investment contract, a forward supply contract or other investment agreement) that is acquired in accordance with applicable regulations under the Code, (iii) the investment is a United States Treasury Security--State and Local Government Series that is acquired in accordance with applicable regulations of the United States Bureau of Public Debt, or (iv) the investment is the Local Agency Investment Fund of the State but only if at all times during which the investment is held its yield is reasonably expected to be equal to or greater than the yield on a reasonably comparable direct obligation of the United States. "Fiscal Year" means the period commencing on July 1 of each year and terminating on the next succeeding June 30. "Government Obligations" means, with respect to the Bonds:. (a) direct obligations (other than an obligation subject to variation in principal repayment) of the United States of America ("U.S. Treasury Obligations"), (b) obligations fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by the United States of America, (c) obligations fully and unconditionally guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by any agency or instrumentality of the United States of America when such obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America, or (d) evidence of ownership of proportionate interests in future interest and principal payments on obligations described above held by a bank or trust company as custodian, under which the owner of the investment is the real party in interest and has the right to proceed directly and individually against the obligator and the underlying government obligations are not available to any person claiming through the custodian or to whom the custodian may be obligated. "Gross Revenues" means all gross charges received for, and all other gross income and revenues derived by the City from, the operation of the Enterprise or otherwise arising from the Enterprise, including but not limited to (a) all fees and charges received by the City for the services of the Enterprise, (b) charges received by the City for water connections, (c) capital charges, and (d) all receipts derived from the investment of such income or revenues, but excluding customer deposits. "Indenture" means this Indenture of Trust, as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented, modified or amended by any Supplemental Indenture pursuant to the provisions hereof. "Independent Accountant" means any certified public accountant or firm of such accountants appointed and paid by the City, and who, or each of whom: (a)is in fact independent and not under domination of the City; -5- (b) does not have any substantial interest, direct or indirect, with the City; and (c) is not connected with the City as an officer or employee of the City, but who may be regularly retained to make annual or other audits of the books of or reports to the City. "Independent Financial Consultant" means any consultant or firm of such consultants appointed by the City, and who, or each of whom: (a) is in fact independent and not under domination of the City; (b) does not have any substantial interest, direct or indirect, with the City; (c) is not connected with the City as an officer or employee of the City, but who may be regularly retained to make reports to the City, and (d) is judged by the City to have experience in matters relating to the engineering matters relating to water enterprises. "Information Services" means the Electronic Municipal Market Access System (referred to as "EMMA"), a facility of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (at http://emma.msrb.org) or, in accordance with then current guidelines of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such other addresses and/or such other national information services providing information with respect to called bonds as the City may designate in a Certificate of the City delivered to the Trustee. "Insurance Consultant" means a person (which may be the City's insurance agent or broker) having experience and a favorable reputation in consulting on the insurance requirements of Water utilities in the State of the general size and character of the Enterprise, selected by the City. "Interest Account" means the account by that name in the Bond Fund established pursuant to Section 5.01. "Interest Payment Date" means April 1 and October 1 in each year, beginning October 1, 2020, and continuing so long as any Bonds remain Outstanding. "Maintenance and Operation Costs" means (a) the reasonable and necessary costs of maintaining and operating the Enterprise, calculated based upon accounting principles consistently applied, including (among other things) the reasonable expenses of management, personnel, services, equipment, repair and other expenses necessary to maintain and preserve the Enterprise in good repair and working order, and reasonable amounts for administration, overhead, insurance, taxes (if any) and other similar costs, and (b) all costs of water purchased or otherwise acquired for delivery by the Enterprise (including any interim or renewed arrangement therefor), but excluding in all cases depreciation and obsolescence charges or reserves therefor and amortization of intangibles or other bookkeeping entries of a similar nature. "Maximum Annual Debt Service" means, as of any date of calculation by the City, the largest Annual Debt Service during the period from the date of such calculation through the final maturity date of the Bonds and all Parity Obligations. "Moody's" means Moody's Investors Service, New York, New York, or its successors. "Net Proceeds" means the par amount of the Bonds plus accrued interest and premium, if any, less the amount of any underwriter's and original issue discount, less the proceeds applied to pay Costs of Issuance. -6- "Net Revenues" means, for any period, an amount equal to all of the Gross Revenues received during such period minus the amount required to pay all Maintenance and Operation Costs during such period. "Original Purchaser" means the first purchaser of the Bonds from the City. "Outstanding," when used as of any particular time with reference to Bonds, means all Bonds theretofore executed, issued and delivered by the City under this Indenture except: (a) Bonds theretofore canceled by the Trustee or surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation; (b)Bonds paid or deemed to have been paid within the meaning of Section 11.01; and (c) Bonds in lieu of or in substitution for which other Bonds shall have been executed, issued and delivered by the City pursuant to this Indenture or any Supplemental Indenture. "Owner" or "Bond Owner", when used with respect to any Bond, means the person in whose name the ownership of such Bond shall be registered on the Bond Registration Books. "Parity Obligations" means any leases, loan agreements, installment sale agreements, bonds, notes, interest rate swap agreements, currency swap agreements, forward payment agreements, futures, or contracts providing for payments based on levels of, or changes in, interest rates, currency exchange rates, stock or other indices, or contracts to exchange cash flows or a series of payments, or contracts, including, without limitation, interest rate floors or caps, options, puts or calls to hedge payment, currency, rate, spread, or similar exposure (except termination payments relating thereto which shall be payable on a subordinate basis) or other obligations of the City payable from and secured by a pledge of and lien upon any of the Net Revenues on a parity with the Bonds, entered into or issued pursuant to and in accordance with Section 6.08(b) hereof. For all purposes, the 2012 Installment Sale Agreement and the 2016 Bonds shall constitute Parity Obligations. "Participating Underwriter" shall have the meaning ascribed thereto in the Continuing Disclosure Certificate. "Permitted Investments" means: (a)Government Obligations. (b) Bonds, debentures, notes or other evidence of indebtedness issued or guaranteed by any of the following federal agencies and provided such obligations are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America (stripped securities are only permitted if they have been stripped by the agency itself): 1.U.S. Export-Import Bank(Eximbank) Direct obligations or fully guaranteed certificates of beneficial ownership 2. U.S. Farmers Home Administration(FmHA) Certificates of Beneficial Ownership 3. Federal Financing Bank 4. Federal Housing Administration Debentures (FHA) -7- 5. General Services Administration Participation Certificates 6. Government National Mortgage Association(GNMA or Ginnie Mae) GNMA—guaranteed mortgage-backed bonds GNMA—guaranteed pass-through obligations 7. U.S. Maritime Administration Guaranteed Title XI financing 8.U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development(HUD) Project Notes Local Authority Bonds New Communities Debentures-U.S. government guaranteed debentures U.S. Public Housing Notes and Bonds - U.S. government guaranteed public housing notes and bonds (c) Bonds, debentures, notes or other evidence of indebtedness issued or guaranteed by any of the following federal agencies which are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America (stripped securities are only permitted if they have been stripped by the agency itself): 1. Federal Home Loan Bank System Senior debt obligations 2. Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation(FHLMC or Freddie Mac) Participation Certificate Senior debt obligations 3. Federal National Mortgage Association(FNMA or Fannie Mae) Mortgage-backed securities and senior debt obligations 4. Student Loan Marketing Association(SLMA or Sallie Mae) Senior debt obligations 5. Resolution Funding Corp. (REFCORP) obligations 6. Farm Credit System Consolidated systemwide bonds and notes (d) Money market funds registered under the Federal Investment Company Act of 1940, whose shares are registered under the Federal Securities Act of 1933, which invest solely in Federal Securities, if rated by S&P, having a rating at the time of investment of AAAm-G; and if rated by Moody's having a rating at the time of investment of Aaa, including such funds for which the Trustee, its affiliates or subsidiaries provide investment advisory or other management services or for which the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee serves as investment administrator, shareholder servicing agent, and/or custodian or subcustodian, notwithstanding that (i) the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee receives and retains a fee for services provided to the fund, (ii) the Trustee collects fees for services rendered pursuant to this Indenture, which fees are separate from the fees received from such funds, and (iii) services performed for such funds and pursuant to this Indenture may at times duplicate those provided to such funds by the Trustee or an affiliate of the Trustee. -8- (e) Certificates of deposit secured at all times by collateral described in (a) and/or (b) above. Such certificates must be issued by commercial banks or savings and loan associations (including the Trustee or its affiliates). The collateral must be held by a third party and the Bondholders must have a perfected first security interest in the collateral. (f) Certificates of deposit, savings accounts, deposit accounts or money market deposits which are fully insured by FDIC or secured at all times by collateral described in (a) and/or (b) above. (g) Commercial paper rated, at the time of purchase, "Prime-1" by Moody's and "A-1" or better by S&P. (h) Federal funds or bankers acceptances with a maximum term of 180 days of any bank which has an unsecured, uninsured and unguaranteed obligation rating at the time of investment of"Prime-1" or better by Moody's and "A-1" or better by S&P. (i) The Local Agency Investment Fund of the State, created pursuant to 16429.1 of the California Government Code. (j)The County pooled investment fund. (k)Municipal obligations rated "A" or higher by S&P. (1)Other forms of investments that satisfy the City's Statement of Investment Policy as of the time of investment. "Principal Account" means the account by that name in the Bond Fund established pursuant to Section 5.01. "Principal Payment Date" means April 1 in each year, beginning April 1, 2021, and continuing so long as any Bonds remain Outstanding. "Rating Category" means, with respect to any Permitted Investment, one or more of the generic categories of rating by Moody's and/or S&P applicable to such Investment Security, without regard to any refinement or gradation of such rating category by a plus or minus sign. "Record Date" means the fifteenth (15th) calendar day of the month immediately preceding an Interest Payment Date. "Refunding Bond Law" means Article 10 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 (commencing with section 53570)of the California Government Code, as in effect on the Closing Date or as thereafter amended in accordance with its terms. "S&P" means S&P Global Ratings, a Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC business, New York, New York,or its successors. "Securities Depositories" means The Depository Trust Company, 55 Water Street, 50th Floor, New York, NY 10041-0099, Attention: Call Notification Department, Fax (212) 855-7232; and, in accordance with then current guidelines of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such other addresses and/or such other securities depositories as the City may designate in a Certificate of the City delivered to the Trustee. -9- "Special Record Date" means the date established by the Trustee pursuant to Section 2.02 as a record date for the payment of defaulted interest on Bonds. "State" means the State of California. "Sinking Account" means the account by that name in the Bond Fund established pursuant to Section 5.01, if required. "Subordinate Debt" means any obligations of the City payable from and secured by a pledge of and lien upon any of the Net Revenues subordinate to the Bonds and any Parity Obligations, entered into or issued pursuant to and in accordance with Section 6.08(c)hereof. "Supplemental Indenture" means any indenture hereafter duly authorized and entered into between the City and the Trustee, amendatory of or supplemental to this Indenture, but only if and to the extent that such Supplemental Indenture is specifically authorized hereunder. "Trust Office" means the corporate trust office of the Trustee at 400 South Hope Street, Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA 90071, or at such other or additional offices as may be specified in writing to the City, except that with respect to presentation of Bonds for payment or for registration of transfer and exchange such term shall mean the office or agency of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust agency business shall be conducted. "Trustee" means The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., appointed by the City to act as trustee hereunder pursuant to Section 9.01, and its assigns or any other corporation or association which may at any time be substituted in its place, as provided in Section 9.01. "2013 Bonds" means the Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds, of which$13,810,000 remains outstanding as of the Closing Date. "2012 Bonds" means the Tustin Public Financing Authority 2012 Water Refunding Revenue Bonds. "2012 Installment Sale Agreement" means the Installment Sale Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2012,by and between the Authority and the City, securing the 2012 Bonds. "2016 Bonds" means the City of Tustin (Orange County, California) 2016 Water Revenue Refunding Bonds. "Water Fund" means the City's existing water enterprise fund, established and held by the City with respect to the Enterprise. Section 1.02. Rules of Construction. All references in this Indenture to "Articles," "Sections," and other subdivisions are to the corresponding Articles, Sections or subdivisions of this Indenture; and the words "herein," "hereof," "hereunder," and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or subdivision hereof. Section 1.03. Equal Security. In consideration of the acceptance of the Bonds by the Owners thereof, this Indenture shall be deemed to be and shall constitute a contract between the City and the Owners from time to time of the Bonds; and the covenants and agreements herein set forth to be performed on behalf of the City shall be for the equal and proportionate benefit, security and protection of all Owners of the Bonds without preference, priority or distinction as -10- to security or otherwise of any of the Bonds over any of the others by reason of the number or date thereof or the time of sale, execution or delivery thereof, or otherwise for any cause whatsoever, except as expressly provided therein or herein. -11- ARTICLE II THE BONDS Section 2.01. Authorization of Bonds. At any time after the adoption, execution and delivery of this Indenture, the City may execute and the Trustee, upon Request of the City, shall authenticate and deliver Bonds in the aggregate principal amount of dollars ($ ). Section 2.02. Terms of Bonds. The Bonds shall be issued in fully registered form without coupons in denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, so long as no Bond shall have more than one maturity date. The Bonds shall be dated as of their date of delivery, shall mature on April 1 in each of the years and in the amounts, and shall bear interest at the rates, as follows: Maturity Principal Interest April 1 Amount Rate Interest on the Bonds shall be payable on each Interest Payment Date to the person whose name appears on the Bond Registration Books as the Owner thereof as of the Record Date immediately preceding each such Interest Payment Date, such interest to be paid by check mailed on the Interest Payment Date or, at the option of any Owner of at least $1,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Bonds and upon written notice received by the Trustee prior to the Record Date,by wire transfer, at the Owner's address as it appears on the Bond Registration Books or to such account as shall have been identified by the Owner in the notice requesting payment by wire transfer. Interest on the Bonds shall be computed on the basis of a year consisting of 360 days and twelve 30-day months. Principal of and premium (if any) on any Bond shall be paid upon presentation and surrender thereof at the Trust Office. Both the principal of and interest and premium (if any) on the Bonds shall be payable in lawful money of the United States of America. Each Bond shall bear interest from the Interest Payment Date next preceding the authentication thereof, unless (a) it is authenticated after a Record Date and on or before the following Interest Payment Date, in which event it shall bear interest from such Interest Payment Date; or (b) it is authenticated on or before September 15, 2020, in which event it shall bear interest from its date of delivery; provided, however, that if, as of the date of authentication of any Bond, interest thereon is in default, such Bond shall bear interest from the Interest -12- Payment Date to which interest has previously been paid or made available for payment thereon. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Owner on such Record Date and shall be paid to the person in whose name the Bond is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such defaulted interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof being given to the Owners not less than ten(10)days prior to such Special Record Date. Section 2.03. Form of Bonds. The Bonds, the form of Trustee's certificate of authentication, and the form of assignment to appear thereon, shall be substantially in the respective forms set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein, with necessary or appropriate variations, omissions and insertions, as permitted or required by this Indenture. Section 2.04. Execution of Bonds. The Bonds shall be signed in the name and on behalf of the City with the facsimile signature of its Mayor, City Manager or Finance Director and attested by the facsimile signature of its City Clerk. The Bonds shall then be delivered to the Trustee for authentication by it. In case any officer who shall have signed any of the Bonds shall cease to be such officer before the Bonds so signed shall have been authenticated or delivered by the Trustee or issued by the City, such Bonds may nevertheless be authenticated, delivered and issued and, upon such authentication, delivery and issue, shall be as binding upon the City as though the individual who signed the same had continued to be such officer of the City. Also, any Bond may be signed on behalf of the City by any individual who on the actual date of the execution of such Bond shall be the proper officer although on the nominal date of such Bond such individual shall not have been such officer of the City. Only such of the Bonds as shall bear thereon a certificate of authentication in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto, manually executed by the Trustee, shall be valid or obligatory for any purpose or entitled to the benefits of this Indenture, and such certificate of the Trustee shall be conclusive evidence that the Bonds so authenticated have been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and are entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. Section 2.05. Transfer of Bonds. Any Bond may, in accordance with its terms, be transferred, upon the Bond Registration Books, by the person in whose name it is registered, in person or by his duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of such Bond for cancellation, endorsed or accompanied by delivery of a written instrument of transfer in a form acceptable to the Trustee, duly executed. Every Bond so surrendered to the Trustee shall be canceled by it and destroyed. Whenever any Bond shall be surrendered for transfer, the City shall execute and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and deliver to the transferee a new Bond or Bonds of like maturity and aggregate principal amount of authorized denominations. The Trustee shall require the Owner requesting such transfer to pay any tax or other charge required to be paid with respect to such transfer. The Trustee may refuse to transfer, under the provisions of Section 2.05, any Bonds selected by the Trustee for redemption under Article IV, or any Bonds during the period established by the Trustee for the selection of Bonds for redemption. Prior to any transfer of the Bonds outside the book-entry system (including, but not limited to, the initial transfer outside the book-entry system) the transferor shall provide or cause to be provided to the Trustee all information necessary to allow the Trustee to comply with any applicable tax reporting obligations, including without limitation any cost basis reporting obligations under section 6045 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The -13- Trustee shall conclusively rely on the information provided to it and shall have no responsibility to verify or ensure the accuracy of such information. Section 2.06. Exchange of Bonds. Bonds may be exchanged at the Trust Office, for a like aggregate principal amount of Bonds of other authorized denominations of the same maturity. The Trustee shall require the Owner requesting such exchange to pay any tax or other charge required to be paid with respect to such exchange. The Trustee may refuse to exchange, under the provisions of Section 2.06, any Bonds selected by the Trustee for redemption under Article IV, or any Bonds during the period established by the Trustee for the selection of Bonds for redemption. Section 2.07. Temporary Bonds. The Bonds may be issued initially in temporary form exchangeable for definitive Bonds when ready for delivery. Any temporary Bond may be printed, lithographed or typewritten, shall be of such denomination as may be determined by the City and may contain such reference to any of the provisions of this Indenture as may be appropriate. A temporary Bond may be in the form of a single registered bond payable in installments, each on the date, in the amount and at the rate of interest established for the Bonds maturing on such date. Every temporary Bond shall be executed by the City and authenticated by the Trustee upon the same conditions and in the same manner as the definitive Bonds. If the City issues temporary Bonds, it will execute and deliver definitive Bonds as promptly thereafter as practicable, and thereupon the temporary Bonds may be surrendered, for cancellation, in exchange therefor at the Trust Office, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange for such temporary Bonds an equal aggregate principal amount of definitive Bonds of authorized denominations of the same maturity or maturities. Until so exchanged, the temporary Bonds shall be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Bonds authenticated and delivered hereunder. Section 2.08. Bond Registration Books. The Trustee will keep or cause to be kept at its Trust Office sufficient books for the registration and transfer of the Bonds, which shall at all times during regular business hours be open to inspection by the City upon reasonable notice; and, upon presentation for such purpose, the Trustee shall, under such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, register or transfer or cause to be registered or transferred, on said books, Bonds as hereinbefore provided. Section 2.09. Bonds Mutilated, Lost, Destroyed or Stolen. If any Bond shall become mutilated, the City shall execute, and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and deliver, a new Bond of like tenor and authorized denomination in exchange and substitution for the Bond so mutilated, but only upon surrender to the Trustee of the Bond so mutilated. Every mutilated Bond so surrendered to the Trustee shall be canceled by it and destroyed and the Trustee shall provide evidence of such destruction to the City. If any Bond issued hereunder shall be lost, destroyed or stolen, evidence of such loss, destruction or theft may be submitted to the City and the Trustee and, if such evidence be satisfactory to the Trustee and indemnity for the City and the Trustee satisfactory to the Trustee shall be given, the City, at the expense of the Bond Owner, shall execute, and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and deliver, a new Bond of like tenor in lieu of and in substitution for the Bond so lost, destroyed or stolen (or if any such Bond shall have matured, instead of issuing a substitute Bond, the Trustee may pay the same without surrender thereof upon receipt of the aforementioned indemnity). The City may require payment of a reasonable fee for each new Bond issued under this Section 2.09 and of the expenses which may be incurred by the City and the Trustee in connection therewith. Any Bond issued under the provisions of this Section 2.09 in lieu of any Bond alleged to be lost, destroyed or stolen shall constitute an original contractual obligation on the part of the City whether or not the Bond alleged to be lost, destroyed or stolen be at any time enforceable by anyone, and -14- shall be equally and proportionately entitled to the benefits of this Indenture with all other Bonds secured by this Indenture. Section 2.10. Book-Entry System. Notwithstanding any provision of this Indenture to the contrary: (a)At the request of the Original Purchaser, the Bonds shall be initially issued registered in the name of "Cede & Co.," as nominee of The Depository Trust Company, the depository designated by the Original Purchaser, and shall be evidenced by one certificate maturing on each of the maturity dates set forth in Section 2.02 hereof to be in a denomination corresponding to the total principal therein designated to mature on such date. Registered ownership of such Bonds,or any portions thereof, may not thereafter be transferred except: (i) to any successor of The Depository Trust Company or its nominee, or of any substitute depository designated pursuant to paragraph (ii) of this subsection (a) ("substitute depository"); provided that any successor of The Depository Trust Company or substitute depository shall be qualified under any applicable laws to provide the service proposed to be provided by it; (ii) to any substitute depository designated in a written request of the City, upon (i) the resignation of The Depository Trust Company or its successor (or any substitute depository or its successor) from its functions as depository or (ii) a determination by the City that The Depository Trust Company or its successor is no longer able to carry out its functions as depository; provided that any such substitute depository shall be qualified under any applicable laws to provide the services proposed to be provided by it;or (iii)to any person as provided below, upon(A)the resignation of The Depository Trust Company or its successor (or any substitute depository or its successor) from its functions as depository or (B) a determination by the City that The Depository Trust Company or its successor is no longer able to carry out its functions as depository; provided that no substitute depository which is not objected to by the City and the Trustee can be obtained. (b) In the case of any transfer pursuant to paragraph (i) or paragraph (ii) of subsection (a) of this Section 2.10, upon receipt of all Outstanding Bonds by the Trustee, together with a written request of an Authorized Officer of the City to the Trustee, a single new Bond shall be issued, authenticated and delivered for each maturity of such Bond then outstanding, registered in the name of such successor or such substitute depository or their nominees, as the case may be, all as specified in such written request of an Authorized Officer of the City. In the case of any transfer pursuant to paragraph (iii) of subsection (a) of this Section 2.10, upon receipt of all Outstanding Bonds by the Trustee together with a written request of an Authorized Officer of the City, new Bonds shall be issued, authenticated and delivered in such denominations and registered in the names of such persons as are requested in a written request of the City provided the Trustee shall not be required to deliver such new Bonds within a period less than sixty (60) days from the date of receipt of such a written request of an Authorized Officer of the City. (c) The City and the Trustee shall be entitled to treat the person in whose name any Bond is registered as the absolute Owner thereof for all purposes of this Indenture and any applicable laws, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary received by the Trustee or the City; and the City and the Trustee shall have no responsibility for transmitting payments to, communication with, notifying or otherwise dealing with any beneficial owners of the Bonds. -15- Neither the City nor the Trustee will have any responsibility or obligations, legal or otherwise, to the beneficial owners or to any other party including The Depository Trust Company or its successor (or substitute depository or its successor), except for the registered owner of any Bond. (d) So long as all outstanding Bonds are registered in the name of Cede & Co. or its registered assign, the City and the Trustee shall reasonably cooperate with Cede & Co., as sole registered Owner, or its registered assign in effecting payment of the principal and interest due with respect to the Bonds by arranging for payment in such manner that funds for such payments are properly identified and are made immediately available on the date they are due. (e) So long as all Outstanding Bonds are registered in the name of Cede & Co. or its registered assigns (hereinafter, for purposes of this paragraph (e),the "Owner'): (i) All notices and payments addressed to the Owners shall contain the Bonds' CUSIP number. (ii) Notices to the Owner shall be forwarded in the manner set forth in the form of blanket issuer letter of representations (prepared by The Depository Trust Company) executed by the City and received and accepted by The Depository Trust Company. • -16- ARTICLE III ISSUE OF BONDS;APPLICATION OF PROCEEDS;COSTS OF ISSUANCE FUND Section 3.01. Issuance of Bonds. At any time after the adoption, execution and delivery of this Indenture, the City may execute and the Trustee, upon Request of the City, shall authenticate and deliver Bonds in the aggregate principal amount of dollars ($ )• Section 3.02. Application of Proceeds of Bonds. Upon the receipt of payment for the Bonds on the Closing Date of $ , being the principal amount of the Bonds of $ .00, less an underwriter's discount of $ , the Trustee shall apply the proceeds of sale thereof as follows: (a)The Trustee shall deposit to the Costs of Issuance Fund the sum of$ ; and (b) The Trustee shall transfer to the Escrow Bank the sum of $ for deposit in the Escrow Fund. The Trustee may establish temporary funds or accounts on its records to facilitate such transfer. Section 3.03. Establishment and Application of Costs of Issuance Fund. (a) The Trustee shall establish, maintain and hold in trust a separate fund designated as the "Costs of Issuance Fund." The moneys in the Costs of Issuance Fund shall be used and withdrawn by the Trustee to pay Costs of Issuance upon receipt by the Trustee of a Requisition of the City stating the person to whom payment is to be made, the amount to be paid, the purpose for which the obligation was incurred and that such payment is a proper charge against said account. Each such Requisition of the City shall be sufficient evidence to the Trustee of the facts stated therein and the Trustee shall have no duty to confirm the accuracy of such facts. (b) At the end of three months from the Closing Date, or upon earlier receipt of a Certificate of the City stating that amounts in the Costs of Issuance Fund are no longer required for the payment of Costs of Issuance, the Costs of Issuance Fund shall be closed and any amounts then remaining in the Costs of Issuance Fund shall be transferred to the Bond Fund. Section 3.04. Validity of Bonds. (a) The City has reviewed all proceedings heretofore taken relative to the authorization of the Bonds and has found, as a result of such review, and hereby finds and determines that all acts, conditions and things required by law to exist, happen or be performed precedent to and in the issuance of the Bonds do exist, have happened and have been performed in due time, form and manner as required by law, and the City is now authorized, pursuant to each and every requirement of the Refunding Bond Law to issue the Bonds in the form and manner provided in this Indenture and the Bonds shall be entitled to the benefit, protection and security of the provisions of this Indenture. (b)From and after the issuance of the Bonds, the findings and determinations of the City respecting the Bonds shall be conclusive evidence of the existence of the facts so found and determined in any action or proceeding in any court in which the validity of the Bonds is at -17- issue, and no bona fide purchaser of any of the Bonds shall be required to see to the existence of any fact or to the performance of any condition or to the taking of any proceeding required prior to such issuance or to the application of the proceeds of sale of the Bonds. The recital contained in the Bonds that the same are issued pursuant to the Refunding Bond Law and this Indenture shall be conclusive evidence of their validity and of the regularity of their issuance and all Bonds shall be incontestable from and after their issuance. The Bonds shall be deemed to be issued, within the meaning of this Indenture, whenever the definitive Bonds (or any temporary Bonds exchangeable therefor) have been delivered to the purchaser thereof and the proceeds of sale thereof received. -18- ARTICLE IV REDEMPTION OF BONDS Section 4.01. Redemption. (a) Optional Redemption. The Bonds maturing on or after April 1, , are subject to redemption prior to their respective maturity dates, at the option of the City, as a whole or in part on any date or in part, in such order of maturity as shall be selected by the City (or in inverse order of maturity if the City shall fail to select a particular order) and by lot within a maturity, on or after April 1, , from any source of available funds, at a redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Bonds to be redeemed, plus accrued interest thereon to the date of redemption,without premium. (b) Sinking Fund Redemption. The Bonds maturing on April 1, (the "Term Bonds") are subject to mandatory redemption, in part by lot, from Sinking Account payments set forth in the following schedule on April 1, , and on each April 1 thereafter to and including April 1, , at a redemption price equal to the principal amount thereof to be redeemed (without premium), together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed for redemption; provided, however, that if some but not all of the Term Bonds have been redeemed pursuant to subsection (a) above, the total amount of Sinking Account payments to be made subsequent to such redemption shall be reduced in an amount equal to the principal amount of the Term Bonds so redeemed by reducing each such future Sinking Account payment on a pro rata basis (as nearly as practicable) in integral multiples of$5,000, as shall be designated pursuant to written notice filed by the City with the Trustee. Sinking Account Redemption Date Principal Amount (April 1) to be Redeemed tMaturity Section 4.02. Selection of Bonds for Redemption. Whenever provision is made in this Indenture for the redemption of less than all of the Bonds or any given portion thereof, and unless otherwise specified in Section 4.01, the Trustee shall select the Bonds to be redeemed, from all Bonds of or such given portion thereof not previously called for redemption, by lot in any manner which the Trustee in its sole discretion shall deem appropriate and fair. The Trustee shall promptly notify the City in writing of the Bonds or portions thereof so selected for redemption. Section 4.03. Notice of Redemption. (a) Written notice of redemption shall be given by the City to the Trustee at least forty- five (45) days prior to the date of redemption (unless a shorter time shall be acceptable to the Trustee in the sole determination of the Trustee). Unless waived by the Owner, notice of any such redemption shall be given by the Trustee on behalf of the City by mailing a copy of a redemption notice by first class mail, postage prepaid, at least 30 days and not more than 60 -19- days prior to the date fixed for redemption to the Owner of the Bond or Bonds to be redeemed at the address shown on the Bond Registration Books. All notices of redemption shall be dated and shall state: (i) the redemption date, (ii) the redemption price, (iii) if less than all Outstanding Bonds are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the respective principal amounts) of the Bonds to be redeemed, (iv) that on the redemption date the redemption price will become due and payable upon each such Bond or portion thereof called for redemption, and that interest thereon shall cease to accrue from and after said date, and (v) the place where such Bonds are to be surrendered for payment of the redemption price, which place of payment shall be the Trust Office. Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Bonds or portions of Bonds so to be redeemed shall, on the redemption date,become due and payable at the redemption price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the City shall default in the payment of the redemption price) interest with respect to such Bonds or portions of Bonds shall cease to accrue and be payable. Upon surrender of such Bonds for redemption in accordance with said notice, such Bonds shall be paid by the Trustee at the redemption price. Installments of interest due on or prior to the redemption date shall be payable as herein provided for payment of interest. Upon surrender for any partial redemption of any Bond, there shall be prepared for the Owner a new Bond or Bonds of the same maturity in the amount of the unredeemed principal. All Bonds which have been redeemed shall be canceled and destroyed by the Trustee and shall not be reissued. (b) Notice of redemption of Bonds shall be given by the Trustee, at the expense of the City, for and on behalf of the City. (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of any optional redemption of the Bonds under Section 4.01(a), the notice of redemption may state that the redemption is conditioned upon receipt by the Trustee of sufficient moneys to redeem the Bonds to be redeemed on the anticipated redemption date, and that the optional redemption shall not occur if, by no later than the scheduled redemption date, sufficient moneys to redeem such Bonds have not been deposited with the Trustee. In the event that the Trustee does not receive sufficient funds by the scheduled optional redemption date to so redeem the Bonds to be optionally redeemed, such event shall not constitute an Event of Default; the Trustee shall send written notice to the Owners, to the effect that the redemption did not occur as anticipated, and the Bonds for which notice of optional redemption was given shall remain Outstanding for all purposes of this Indenture. Section 4.04. Partial Redemption of Bonds. Upon surrender of any Bond redeemed in part only, the City shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Owner thereof, at the expense of the City, a new Bond or Bonds of authorized denominations, and of the same maturity, equal in aggregate principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Bond surrendered. The Owner shall not be required to submit any Bond to reflect mandatory sinking account payments. Section 4.05. Effect of Redemption. Notice of redemption having been duly given as aforesaid, and moneys for payment of the redemption price of, together with interest accrued to the redemption date on, the Bonds (or portions thereof) so called for redemption being held by the Trustee, on the redemption date designated in such notice, the Bonds (or portions thereof) so called for redemption shall become due and payable at the redemption price specified in such notice plus interest accrued thereon to the redemption date, interest on the Bonds so called for redemption shall cease to accrue, said Bonds (or portions thereof)shall cease to be entitled to -20- any benefit or security under this Indenture, and the Owner of said Bonds shall have no rights in respect thereof except to receive payment of said redemption price. All Bonds redeemed pursuant to the provisions of this Article IV shall be canceled upon surrender thereof and destroyed with a certificate of destruction delivered to or upon the Order of the City. -21- ARTICLE V GROSS REVENUES;NET REVENUES Section 5.01. Pledge of Net Revenues. The Bonds and any Parity Obligations shall be secured by a first pledge of all of the Net Revenues. In addition, the Bonds shall be secured by a pledge of all of the moneys in all funds and accounts held by the Trustee hereunder, including all amounts derived from the investment of such moneys. Such pledge shall constitute a lien on the Net Revenues and such other moneys for the payment of the principal of and interest and premium (if any) on the Bonds and any Parity Obligations in accordance with the terms hereof. The Bonds shall be equally secured by a pledge, charge and lien upon the Net Revenues, without priority for number or date, shall be and are secured by an exclusive pledge, charge and lien upon the Net Revenues and such moneys, except as set forth in this Section 5.01. So long as any of the Bonds or any Parity Obligations are Outstanding, the Net Revenues and such moneys shall not be used for any other purpose, except as set forth in this Section 5.01 except, that out of the Net Revenues, there may be apportioned such sums, for such purposes, as are expressly permitted by Section 5.02. In consideration of the acceptance of the Bonds by those who shall hold the same from time to time, this Indenture shall be deemed to be and shall constitute a contract between the City and the Owners from time to time of the Bonds and the covenants and agreements herein set forth to be performed by or on behalf of the City shall be for the equal and proportionate benefit, security and protection of all Owners of the Bonds without preference, priority or distinction as to security or otherwise of any of the Bonds over any of the others by reason of the number or date thereof or the time of sale, execution and delivery thereof, or otherwise for any cause whatsoever, except as expressly provided therein or herein. The Trustee shall establish and maintain the Bond Fund and, within the Bond Fund, the Interest Account, the Principal Account and the Sinking Account. Section 5.02. Receipt,Deposit and Application of Gross Revenues and Net Revenues. (a)Application of Gross Revenues. All of the Gross Revenues shall be deposited by the City immediately upon receipt in the Water Fund. All Gross Revenues shall be held in trust by the City in the Water Fund and shall be applied, transferred, used and withdrawn only for the following purposes: (i) Maintenance and Operation Costs. The City shall first pay from the moneys in the Water Fund the budgeted Maintenance and Operation Costs as such Maintenance and Operation Costs become due and payable. (ii) Payment of Debt Service. On or before the 5th Business Day preceding each Interest Payment Date, the City shall withdraw from the Water Fund and transfer to the Trustee, for deposit in the Bond Fund, an amount which, together with the balance then on deposit in the Bond Fund, the Interest Account, the Principal Account and the Sinking Account (other than amounts required for payment of principal of or interest on any Bonds which have matured but which have not been presented for payment), is equal to the aggregate amount of principal of and interest coming due and payable on the Bonds and shall withdraw from the Water Fund and transfer amounts required for the payment of debt service on any Parity Obligations. The transfers required to pay debt service on the Bonds and any Parity Obligations shall be made without preference or priority and, in the event moneys in the Water Fund are not sufficient to pay the debt -22- service requirement for the Bonds and any Parity Obligations, the City shall pay such amounts on a pro rata basis based on the debt service requirements for the Bonds and each outstanding Parity Obligations. (iii) Surplus. As long as all of the foregoing payments, allocations and transfers are made at the times and in the manner set forth above, any moneys remaining in the Water Fund may at any time be treated as surplus and applied for any lawful purpose. (b)Application of Moneys in the Bond Fund. On or before the Business Day preceding each Interest Payment Date, the Trustee shall transfer from the Bond Fund and deposit into the following respective accounts (each of which the Trustee shall establish and maintain within the Bond Fund), the following amounts, in the following order of priority, the requirements of each such account (including the making up of any deficiencies in any such account resulting from lack of Net Revenues sufficient to make any earlier required deposit) at the time of deposit to be satisfied before any transfer is made to any account subsequent in priority: First: to the Interest Account, the aggregate amount of interest becoming due and payable on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date on all Bonds then Outstanding; Second: to the Principal Account, the aggregate amount of principal becoming due and payable on the Outstanding Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, if any; and Third: to the Sinking Account, the aggregate amount of sinking fund installment becoming due and payable on the Outstanding Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date,if any. Section 5.03. Application of Interest Account. All amounts in the Interest Account shall be used and withdrawn by the Trustee solely for the purpose of paying interest on the Bonds as it shall become due and payable (including accrued interest on any Bonds purchased prior to maturity pursuant to this Indenture). Section 5.04. Application of Principal Account. All amounts in the Principal Account shall be used and withdrawn by the Trustee solely for the purposes of paying the principal of the Bonds when due and payable. Section 5.05. Application of Sinking Account. All amounts in the Sinking Account shall be used and withdrawn by the Trustee solely for the purposes of paying the sinking fund installments of the Bonds when due and payable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if some but not all of the Bonds have been theretofore redeemed pursuant to Sections 4.01(a), the total amount of all future mandatory Sinking Account payments shall be reduced by the aggregate principal amount of Bonds so redeemed, allocated among such mandatory Sinking Account payments on a pro rata basis in integral multiples of $5,000 as determined by the City (notice of which determination shall be given to the Trustee). In the event of a redemption pursuant to Section 4.01(a) the City shall provide the Trustee with a revised sinking fund schedule giving effect to the optional redemption so completed. Any amounts remaining in the Sinking Account when all of the Bonds are no longer Outstanding shall be withdrawn by the Trustee and transferred to the Water Fund. -23- Section 5.07. Investment of Moneys in Funds and Accounts. All moneys in any of the funds and accounts established pursuant to this Indenture shall, upon Request of the City provided at least two Business Days prior to the date of investment, be invested by the Trustee, but solely in Permitted Investments. In the absence of any such directions from the City, the Trustee shall invest any such moneys in the money market fund set forth in the letter of authorization and direction executed by the City and delivered to the Trustee. If no specific money market fund had been specified by the City, such amount shall be held in cash, uninvested. All Permitted Investments shall be acquired subject to the limitations as to maturities hereinafter set forth in this Section 5.07 and such additional limitations or requirements consistent with the foregoing as may be established by Request of the City. Moneys in all funds and accounts shall be invested in Permitted Investments maturing not later than the date on which it is estimated that such moneys will be required by the Trustee. All interest, profits and other income received from the investment of moneys in any other fund or account established pursuant to this Indenture shall be deposited when received in the Bond Fund. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this paragraph, an amount of interest received with respect to any Permitted Investment equal to the amount of accrued interest, if any, paid as part of the purchase price of such Permitted Investment shall be credited to the fund or account for the credit of which such Permitted Investment was acquired. The Trustee may commingle any of the funds or accounts established pursuant to this Indenture into a separate fund or funds for investment purposes only, provided that all funds or accounts held by the Trustee hereunder shall be accounted for separately as required by this Indenture. The Trustee or an affiliate may act as principal or agent in the making or disposing of any investment. The Trustee may sell, or present for redemption, any Permitted Investments so purchased whenever it shall be necessary to provide moneys to meet any required payment, transfer, withdrawal or disbursement from the fund or account to which such Permitted Investment is credited, and, subject to the provisions of Section 9.03, the Trustee shall not be liable or responsible for any loss resulting from such investment. The City acknowledges that, to the extent regulations of the Comptroller of the Currency or other applicable regulatory entity grants the City the right to receive brokerage confirmations of security transactions as they occur, the City specifically waives receipt of such confirmations to the extent permitted by law. The Trustee shall furnish the City periodic cash transaction statements which include detail for all investment transactions effected by the Trustee or brokers selected by the City. Upon the City's election, such statements will be delivered via the Trustee's online service and upon electing such service, paper statements will be provided only upon request. The City waives the right to receive brokerage confirmations of security transactions effected by the Trustee as they occur, to the extent permitted by law. The City further understands that trade confirmations for securities transactions effected by the Trustee will be available upon request and at no additional cost and other trade confirmations may be obtained from the applicable broker. The Trustee or any of its affiliates may act as sponsor, advisor or manager in connection with any investments made by the Trustee hereunder. -24- ARTICLE VI COVENANTS OF THE CITY Section 6.01. Punctual Payment. The City shall punctually pay or cause to be paid the principal and interest to become due in respect of all the Bonds, in strict conformity with the terms of the Bonds and of this Indenture, according to the true intent and meaning thereof, but only out of Net Revenues and other assets pledged for such payment as provided in this Indenture. Section 6.02. Extension of Payment of Bonds. The City shall not directly or indirectly extend or assent to the extension of the maturity of any of the Bonds or the time of payment of any of the claims for interest by the purchase or funding of such Bonds or claims for interest or by any other arrangement and in case the maturity of any of the Bonds or the time of payment of any such claims for interest shall be extended, such Bonds or claims for interest shall not be entitled, in case of any default hereunder, to the benefits of this Indenture, except subject to the prior payment in full of the principal of all of the Bonds then Outstanding and of all claims for interest thereon which shall not have been so extended. Nothing in this Section 6.02 shall be deemed to limit the right of the City to issue Bonds for the purpose of refunding any Outstanding Bonds, and such issuance shall not be deemed to constitute an extension of maturity of Bonds. Section 6.03. Discharge of Claims. The City covenants that in order to fully preserve and protect the priority and security of the Bonds the City shall pay from the Net Revenues and discharge all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies furnished for or in connection with the Enterprise which, if unpaid, may become a lien or charge upon the Net Revenues prior or superior to the lien of the Bonds and impair the security of the Bonds. The City shall also pay from the Net Revenues all taxes and assessments or other governmental charges lawfully levied or assessed upon or in respect of the Enterprise or upon any part thereof or upon any of the Net Revenues therefrom. Section 6.04. Operation of Enterprise in Efficient and Economical Manner. The City covenants and agrees to operate, or cause to be operated, the Enterprise in an efficient and economical manner and to operate, maintain and preserve the Enterprise in good repair and working order. Section 6.05. Against Encumbrance. Except as provided herein, the City covenants that the property, facilities and improvements of the Enterprise shall not be voluntarily mortgaged or otherwise encumbered, leased, pledged, any charge placed thereon, or disposed of as a whole or substantially as a whole unless: (a) the City shall cause to be filed with the Trustee written evidence from Moody's, if Moody's is rating the Bonds, and/or S&P, if S&P is rating the Bonds, that such sale or other disposition will not cause a reduction or withdrawal of the uninsured rating then assigned to the Bonds by each such rating agency; and (b) such sale or other disposition shall be so arranged as to provide for a continuance of payments into the Bond Fund sufficient in amount to permit payment therefrom of the principal of and interest on the Outstanding Bonds, and also to provide for such payments into the funds as are required under the terms of this Indenture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the City may lease real property constituting a portion of the Enterprise; provided that the lease payments shall be considered Gross Revenues hereunder. The City further covenants that the Net Revenues or any other funds pledged or otherwise made available to secure payment of the principal of and interest on the Outstanding -25- Bonds shall not be mortgaged, encumbered, sold, leased, pledged, any charge placed thereon, or disposed of or used except as authorized by the terms of this Indenture. The City further covenants that it will not enter into any agreement which impairs the operation of the Enterprise or any part of it necessary to secure adequate Net Revenues to pay the principal and interest of the Bonds or which otherwise would impair the rights of the Bond Owners with respect to the Net Revenues. Section 6.06. Records and Accounts. The City covenants that it shall keep proper books of record and accounts of the Enterprise, separate from all other records and accounts, in which complete and correct entries shall be made of all transactions relating to the Enterprise. Said books shall, upon reasonable request,be subject to the inspection of the Owners of not less than ten percent(10%) of the Outstanding Bonds or their representatives authorized in writing. The City covenants that it will cause the books and accounts of the Enterprise to be audited annually by an Independent Accountant and will make available for inspection by the Bond Owners at the Trust Office, upon reasonable request, a copy of the report of such Independent Accountant. Any such audit may be combined with and be a part of the general audit of the City's financial records. The City covenants that it will cause to be prepared annually, not more than one hundred eighty (180) days after the close of each Fiscal Year a summary statement showing the amount of Gross Revenues and the amount of all other funds collected which are required to be pledged or otherwise made available as security for payment of principal of and interest on the Bonds, the disbursements from the Gross Revenues and other funds in reasonable detail, and a general statement of the financial and physical condition of the Enterprise. The City shall furnish a copy of the statement to any Bond Owner upon written request. Section 6.07. Rates and Charges. (a) Covenant Regarding Gross Revenues. The City covenants to fix, prescribe, revise and collect rates, fees and charges for the Enterprise as a whole for the services and improvements furnished by the Enterprise during each Fiscal Year which are at least sufficient, after making allowances for contingencies and error in the estimates, to yield Gross Revenues that are sufficient to pay the following amounts in the following order of priority: (i) all anticipated Maintenance and Operation Costs of the Enterprise for such Fiscal Year; (ii) Debt Service payments on the Bonds and any Parity Obligations as they become due and payable during such Fiscal Year, without preference or priority, except to the extent such Debt Service payments are payable from the proceeds of the Bonds or such Parity Obligations, as applicable, or from any other source of legally available funds of the City that have been deposited with the Trustee or otherwise segregated for purposes prior to the commencement of such Fiscal Year (not including a debt service reserve fund); and (iv) all other payments required to meet any other obligations of the City which are charges, liens, encumbrances upon, or which are otherwise payable, from the Gross Revenues during such Fiscal Year. (b) Covenant Regarding Net Revenues. In addition, the City covenants to fix, prescribe, revise and collect, or cause to be fixed, prescribed, revised and collected, rates, fees and charges for the services and improvements furnished by the Enterprise during each Fiscal Year which -26- are sufficient to yield Net Revenues which are at least equal to one hundred twenty percent (120%)of the total Annual Debt Service on the Bonds and any debt service on Parity Obligations coming due and payable in such Fiscal Year. Section 6.08. Limitations on Future Obligations Secured by Net Revenues. (a) No Obligations Superior to Bonds. In order to protect further the availability of the Net Revenues and the security for the Bonds and any Parity Obligations, the City covenants that no additional bonds or other indebtedness that are payable out of the Net Revenues in whole or in part will be issued or incurred on a senior basis to the Bonds and any Parity Obligations . (b) Parity Obligations. Additional obligations may be issued on a parity with the Bonds and any then existing Parity Obligations subject to the following specific conditions which are hereby made conditions precedent to the issuance and delivery of such Parity Obligations, except that the City need not comply with subparagraph (ii) if the proposed Parity Obligations are incurred to prepay or post a security deposit for the payment of the Bonds or Parity Obligations: (i)The City shall be in compliance with all covenants set forth in this Indenture. (ii) The Net Revenues, calculated on sound accounting principles, as shown by the books of the City for the latest Fiscal Year or any more recent twelve (12) month period selected by the City ending not more than sixty (60) days prior to the adoption of the instrument issuing such Parity Obligations are issued, as shown by the books of the City, plus, at the option of the City, either or both of the items hereinafter in this covenant designated (A) and (B), but excluding connection charges, shall at least equal one hundred twenty percent(120%) of the amount of Maximum Annual Debt Service on all Bonds and Parity Obligations to be Outstanding immediately subsequent to the issuance of such Parity Obligations. The items any or all of which may be added to such Net Revenues for the purpose of issuing or incurring Parity Obligations hereunder are the following: (A) An allowance for Net Revenues from any additions to or improvements or extensions of the Enterprise to be made with the proceeds of such Parity Obligations, and also for Net Revenues from any such additions, improvements or extensions which have been made from moneys from any source but in any case which, during all or any part of such Fiscal Year or such twelve (12) month period, were not in service, all in an amount equal to seventy percent (70%) of the estimated additional average annual Net Revenues to be derived from such additions, improvements and extensions for the first thirty-six (36) month period in which each addition, improvement or extension is respectively to be in operation, all as shown in the written report of an Independent Financial Consultant engaged by the City. (B) An allowance for earnings arising from any increase in the charges made for service from the Enterprise which has become effective prior to the incurring of such additional indebtedness but which, during all or any part of such Fiscal Year or such twelve (12) month period, was not in effect, in an amount equal to the amount by which the Net Revenues would have been increased if such increase in charges had been in effect during the whole of such Fiscal Year or such twelve (12) month period, all as shown in the written report of an Independent Financial Consultant engaged by the City. -27- (iii) The instrument providing for the issuance of such Parity Obligations shall provide that: (A) The proceeds of such Parity Obligations shall be applied to the acquisition, construction, improvement, financing or refinancing of additional facilities, improvements or extensions of existing facilities within the Enterprise, or otherwise for facilities, improvements or property which the City determines are of benefit to the Enterprise, or for the purpose of refunding any Bonds or Parity Obligations in whole or in part, including all costs (including costs of issuing such Parity Obligations and including capitalized interest on such Parity Obligations during any period which the City deems necessary or advisable) relating thereto; (B) Interest on such Parity Obligations shall be payable on April 1 and October 1 in each year of the term of such Parity Obligations except the first year, during which year interest may be payable on any April 1 or October 1; and (C)The principal of such Parity Obligations shall be payable on April 1 in any year in which principal is payable. (iv) A reserve fund may, but shall not be required to, be established for such Parity Obligations. (c) Subordinate Obligations. The City further covenants that the City shall not issue or incur any Subordinate Obligations unless Net Revenues, calculated on sound accounting principles, as shown by the books of the City for the latest Fiscal Year or any more recent twelve (12) month period selected by the City ending not more than sixty (60) days prior to the adoption of the resolution pursuant to which instrument such Subordinate Obligations are issued or incurred, as shown by the books of the City shall, after deducting all amounts required for the payment of the Bonds and any Parity Obligations, have amounted to at least 1.0 times the sum of the maximum annual debt service on all Subordinate Obligations outstanding immediately subsequent to the incurring of such additional obligations. An allowance for earnings arising from any increase in the charges made for service from the Enterprise which has become effective prior to the incurring of such additional obligations but which, during all or any part of such Fiscal Year, was not in effect, may be added in an amount equal to 100% of the amount by which the Net Revenues would have been increased if such increase in charges had been in effect during the whole of such Fiscal Year and any period prior to the incurring of such additional obligations, as shown by the certificate or opinion of a qualified independent consultant employed by the City. Section 6.09. Further Assurances. The City will adopt, make, execute and deliver any and all such further resolutions, instruments and assurances as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out the intention or to facilitate the performance of this Indenture, and for the better assuring and confirming unto the Owners of the Bonds of the rights and benefits provided in this Indenture. Section 6.10. Waiver of Laws. The City shall not at any time insist upon or plead in any manner whatsoever, or claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law now or at any time hereafter in force that may affect the covenants and agreements contained in this Indenture or in the Bonds, and all benefit or advantage of any such law or laws is hereby expressly waived by the City to the extent permitted by law. -28- Section 6.11. Continuing Disclosure. The City hereby covenants and agrees that it will comply with and carry out all of the provisions of the Continuing Disclosure Certificate. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Indenture, failure of the City to comply with the Continuing Disclosure Certificate shall not be considered an event of default; however, any holder or beneficial owner of the Bonds may take such actions as may be necessary and appropriate to compel performance, including seeking mandate or specific performance by court order. -29- ARTICLE VII MAINTENANCE;TAXES; INSURANCE AND CONDEMNATION Section 7.01. Maintenance and Operation of the Enterprise. The City covenants and agrees that it will operate and maintain the Enterprise in accordance with all applicable governmental laws, ordinances, approvals, rules, regulations and requirements including, without limitation, such zoning, sanitary, pollution and safety ordinances and laws and such rules and regulations thereunder as may be binding upon the City. Section 7.02. Taxes, Assessments, Other Governmental Charges and Utility Charges. The City covenants and agrees that it will pay and discharge all taxes, assessments, governmental charges of any kind whatsoever, and utility charges which may be or have been assessed or which may have become liens upon the Enterprise or the interest therein of the Trustee or of the Owners of the Bonds, and will make such payments or cause such payments to be made, respectively, in due time to prevent any delinquency thereon or any forfeiture or sale of the Enterprise or any part thereof, and upon request, will furnish to the Trustee receipts for all such payments, or other evidence satisfactory to the Trustee; provided, however, that the City shall not be required to pay any tax, assessment, rate or charge as herein provided as long as it shall in good faith contest the validity thereof, provided that the City shall have set aside adequate reserves with respect thereto. Section 7.03. Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance. The City shall maintain or cause to be maintained, so long as any Bonds or Parity Obligations remain outstanding, but only if and to the extent available at reasonable cost from reputable insurers, a standard comprehensive general insurance policy or policies in protection of the City and its members, officers, agents, assignees and employees. Said policy or policies shall provide for indemnification of said parties against direct or contingent loss or liability for damages for bodily and personal injury, death or property damage occasioned by reason of the operation of the Enterprise. Said policy or policies shall provide coverage in such liability amounts and shall be subject to such deductibles as shall be customary with respect to works and property of a like character. Such liability insurance may be maintained as part of or in conjunction with any other liability insurance coverage carried by the City, and may be maintained in whole or in part in the form of self-insurance by the City, in the form of the participation by the City in a joint powers agency or other program providing pooled insurance. The proceeds of such liability insurance shall be applied toward extinguishment or satisfaction of the liability with respect to which such proceeds have been paid. Section 7.04. Casualty Insurance. The City shall procure and maintain or cause to be procured and maintained, so long as any Bonds or Parity Obligations remain outstanding, but only in the event and to the extent available from reputable insurers at reasonable cost, casualty insurance against loss or damage to any improvements constituting any part of the Enterprise, covering such hazards as are customarily covered with respect to works and property of like character. Such insurance may be subject to deductible clauses which are customary with respect to works and property of a like character. Such insurance may be maintained as part of or in conjunction with any other casualty insurance coverage carried by the City and may be maintained, in whole or in part, in the form of self-insurance by the City, subject to the provisions of Section 7.05, or in the form of the participation by the City in a joint powers agency or other program providing pooled insurance. All amounts collected from insurance against accident to or destruction of any portion of the Enterprise shall be used to repair, rebuild or replace such damaged or destroyed portion of the Enterprise. -30- Section 7.05. Insurance Net Proceeds; Form of Policies. The City shall pay or cause to be paid when due the premiums for all insurance policies. The City shall annually, on or before April 1, deliver to the Trustee a certificate to the effect that the City has complied with the requirements of Sections 7.03 and 7.04 hereof. The Trustee shall be entitled to rely upon such Certificate of the City as to the City's compliance with Sections 7.03 and 7.04 hereof.In the event that any insurance required pursuant to Section 7.03 or 7.04 shall be provided in the form of self-insurance, the City shall file with the Trustee annually, within ninety (90) days following the close of each Fiscal Year, a statement of an independent actuarial consultant identifying the extent of such self-insurance and stating the determination that the City maintains sufficient reserves with respect thereto. In the event that any such insurance shall be provided in the form of self-insurance by the City, the City shall not be obligated to make any payment with respect to any insured event except from Net Revenues or from such reserves. Section 7.06. Eminent Domain. Any amounts received as awards as a result of the taking of all or any part of the Enterprise by the lawful exercise of eminent domain, at the election of the City (evidenced by a Written Certificate of the City filed with the Trustee and the City) shall be used for the lease, acquisition or construction of improvements or extension of the Enterprise. -31- ARTICLE VIII EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES OF BONDOWNERS Section 8.01. Events of Default. The following events shall be Events of Default: (a) default in the due and punctual payment of the principal of any Bond when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at maturity as therein expressed, by declaration or otherwise, in the amounts and at the times provided therefor; (b) default in the due and punctual payment of any installment of interest on any Bond when and as such interest installment shall become due and payable; (c) default by the City in the observance of any of the covenants, agreements or conditions on its part in this Indenture or in the Bonds contained (other than as referred to in subsections (a) or (b) of this Section 8.01), if such default shall have continued for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days after written notice thereof, specifying such default and requiring the same to be remedied, shall have been given to the City by the Trustee, or to the City and the Trustee by the Owners of not less than twenty-five percent (25%)in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds at the time Outstanding; (d) abandonment by the City of the Enterprise, or any substantial part thereof, and such abandonment shall continue for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days after written notice thereof shall have been given to the City by the Trustee, or to the City and the Trustee by the Owners of not less than twenty-five percent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds at the time Outstanding, unless the City shall have assumed all of the City's obligations hereunder; provided, however, that abandonment by the City shall not constitute an Event of Default if such abandonment was caused by unforeseeable causes beyond its control and without its fault or negligence, including,but not limited to, Acts of God or of the public enemy or terrorists, acts of a government, acts of the other party, fires, floods, earthquakes, explosion, mob violence, riot, inability to procure or general sabotage or rationing of labor, equipment, facilities, sources of energy, material or supplies in the open market and unusually severe weather or any similar even and/or occurrences beyond the control of the City;or (e) the City's filing a petition in voluntary bankruptcy, for the composition of its affairs or for its corporate reorganization under any state or federal bankruptcy or insolvency law, or making an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or admitting in writing to its insolvency or inability to pay debts as they mature, or consenting in writing to the appointment of a trustee or receiver for itself or for the whole or any substantial part of the Enterprise. Section 8.02. Acceleration of Maturities. If an Event of Default shall occur, then, and in each and every such case during the continuance of such Event of Default, the Trustee or the Owners of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds at the time Outstanding shall be entitled,upon notice in writing to the City, to declare the principal of all of the Bonds then Outstanding, and the interest accrued thereon, to be due and payable immediately, and upon any such declaration the same shall become and shall be immediately due and payable, anything in this Indenture or in the Bonds contained to the contrary notwithstanding. Any such declaration, however, is subject to the condition that if, at any time after such declaration and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered, the City shall deposit with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all the -32- principal of and installments of interest on the Bonds payment of which is overdue, with interest on such overdue principal at the rate borne by the respective Bonds, and the reasonable charges and expenses of the Trustee, and any and all other defaults known to the Trustee (other than in the payment of principal of and interest on the Bonds due and payable solely by reason of such declaration) shall have been made good or cured to the satisfaction of the Trustee or provision deemed by the Trustee to be adequate shall have been made therefor, then, and in every such case, the Owners of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding, by written notice to the City and the Trustee, or the Trustee if such declaration was made by the Trustee, may, on behalf of the Owners of all of the Bonds, rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences and waive such default;but no such rescission and annulment shall extend to or shall affect any subsequent default, or shall impair or exhaust any right or power consequent thereon. Section 8.03. Application of Net Revenues and Other Funds After Default. If an Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, all Net Revenues and any other funds then held or thereafter received by the Trustee under any of the provisions of this Indenture (subject to Section 12.10)shall be applied by the Trustee as follows and in the following order: (a)To the payment of any expenses necessary in the opinion of the Trustee to protect the interests of the Owners of the Bonds and payment of reasonable charges and expenses of the Trustee (including, but not limited to, reasonable fees and disbursements of its counsel, agents and advisors) incurred in and about the performance of its powers and duties under this • Indenture; (b) To the payment of the principal of and interest then due on the Bonds (upon presentation of the Bonds to be paid, and stamping thereon of the payment if only partially paid, or surrender thereof if fully paid) subject to the provisions of this Indenture (including Section 6.02), as follows: (i) Unless the principal of all of the Bonds shall have become or have been declared due and payable, First: To the payment to the persons entitled thereto of all installments of interest then due in the order of the maturity of such installments, and, if the amount available shall not be sufficient to pay in full any installment or installments maturing on the same date, then to the payment thereof ratably, according to the amounts due thereon, to the persons entitled thereto, without any discrimination or preference, and Second: To the payment to the persons entitled thereto of the unpaid principal of any Bonds which shall have become due, in the order of their due dates, with interest on the overdue principal at the rate borne by the respective Bonds, and, if the amount available shall not be sufficient to pay in full all the Bonds due on any date, together with such interest, then to the payment thereof ratably, according to the amounts of principal due on such date to the persons entitled thereto, without any discrimination or preference; and (ii) If the principal of all of the Bonds shall have become or have been declared due and payable, to the payment of the principal and interest then due and unpaid upon the Bonds, with interest on the overdue principal at the rate borne by the respective Bonds, and, if the amount available shall not be sufficient to pay in full the whole amount so due and unpaid, then to the payment thereof ratably, without preference or priority of principal over interest, or of interest over principal, or of any installment of -33- interest over any other installment of interest, or of any Bond over any other Bond, according to the amounts due respectively for principal and interest, to the persons entitled thereto without any discrimination or preference. Section 8.04. Trustee to Represent Bondowners. The Trustee is hereby irrevocably appointed (and the successive respective Owners of the Bonds,by taking and holding the same, shall be conclusively deemed to have so appointed the Trustee) as trustee and true and lawful attorney-in-fact of the Owners of the Bonds for the purpose of exercising and prosecuting on their behalf such rights and remedies as may be available to such Owners under the provisions of the Bonds, this Indenture, the Refunding Bond Law and applicable provisions of any other law. Upon the occurrence and continuance of an Event of Default or other occasion giving rise to a right in the Trustee to represent the Bondowners, the Trustee in its discretion may and shall upon the written request of the Owners of not less than twenty-five percent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding (or, if more than one such request is received, the written request executed by the Owners of the greatest percentage of Bonds then Outstanding in excess of twenty-five percent (25%)), and upon being indemnified to its satisfaction therefor, shall, proceed to protect or enforce its rights or the rights of such Owners by such appropriate action, suit, mandamus or other proceedings as it shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such right, at law or in equity, either for the specific performance of any covenant or agreement contained herein, or in aid of the execution of any power herein granted, or for the enforcement of any other appropriate legal or equitable right or remedy vested in the Trustee or in such Owners under this Indenture, the Refunding Bond Law or any other law; and upon instituting such proceeding, the Trustee shall be entitled, as a matter of right, to the appointment of a receiver of the Net Revenues and other assets pledged under this Indenture, pending such proceedings. All rights of action under this Indenture or the Bonds or otherwise may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Bonds or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such suit, action or proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in the name of the Trustee for the benefit and protection of all the Owners of such Bonds, subject to the provisions of this Indenture (including Section 6.02). Section 8.05. Bondowners' Direction of Proceedings. Anything in this Indenture to the contrary notwithstanding, the Owners of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding shall have the right, by an instrument or concurrent instruments in writing executed and delivered to the Trustee, to direct the method of conducting all remedial proceedings taken by the Trustee hereunder, provided that such direction shall not be otherwise than in accordance with law and the provisions of this Indenture, and that the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction which in the opinion of the Trustee would be unjustly prejudicial to Bondowners not parties to such direction or would expose the Trustee to liability for which it has not been indemnified to its satisfaction. Section 8.06. Limitation on Bondowners' Right to Sue. No Owner of any Bond shall have the right to institute any suit, action or proceeding at law or in equity, for the protection or enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, the Refunding Bond Law or any other applicable law with respect to such Bond, unless (1) such Owner shall have given to the Trustee written notice of the occurrence of an Event of Default; (2) the Owners of not less than twenty- five per cent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding (or, if more than one such request is received, the written request executed by the Owners of the greatest percentage of Bonds then Outstanding in excess of twenty-five percent (25%)) shall have made written request upon the Trustee to exercise the powers hereinbefore granted or to institute such suit, action or proceeding in its own name; (3) such Owner or said Owners shall have tendered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; and (4) the Trustee shall have refused or omitted to -34- comply with such request for a period of sixty (60) days after such written request shall have been received by, and said tender of indemnity shall have been made to, the Trustee. Such notification, request, tender of indemnity and refusal or omission are hereby declared, in every case, to be conditions precedent to the exercise by any Owner of Bonds of any remedy hereunder or under law; it being understood and intended that no one or more Owners of Bonds shall have any right in any manner whatever by his or their action to affect, disturb or prejudice the security of this Indenture or the rights of any other Owners of Bonds, or to enforce any right under this Indenture, the Refunding Bond Law, the California Government Code or other applicable law with respect to the Bonds, except in the manner herein provided, and that all proceedings at law or in equity to enforce any such right shall be instituted, had and maintained in the manner herein provided and for the benefit and protection of all Owners of the Outstanding Bonds, subject to the provisions of this Indenture (including Section 6.02). Section 8.07. Absolute Obligation of City. Nothing in Section 8.06 or in any other provision of this Indenture, or in the Bonds, contained shall affect or impair the obligation of the City, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds to the respective Owners of the Bonds at their respective dates of maturity, as herein provided,but only out of the Net Revenues and other assets herein pledged therefor, or affect or impair the right of such Owners, which is also absolute and unconditional, to enforce such payment by virtue of the contract embodied in the Bonds. Section 8.08. Termination of Proceedings. In case any proceedings taken by the Trustee or any one or more Bondowners on account of any Event of Default shall have been discontinued or abandoned for any reason or shall have been determined adversely to the Trustee or the Bondowners, then in every such case the City, the Trustee and the Bondowners, subject to any determination in such proceedings, shall be restored to their former positions and rights hereunder, severally and respectively, and all rights, remedies, powers and duties of the City, the Trustee and the Bondowners shall continue as though no such proceedings had been taken. Section 8.09. Remedies Not Exclusive. No remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Owners of the Bonds is intended to be exclusive of any other remedy or remedies, and each and every such remedy, to the extent permitted by law, shall be cumulative and in addition to any other remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. Section 8.10. No Waiver of Default. No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Owner of the Bonds to exercise any right or power arising upon the occurrence of any default shall impair any such right or power or shall be construed to be a waiver of any such default or an acquiescence therein; and every power and remedy given by this Indenture to the Trustee or to the Owners of the Bonds may be exercised from time to time and as often as may be deemed expedient. -35- ARTICLE IX THE TRUSTEE Section 9.01. Appointment of Trustee;Duties,Immunities and Liabilities of Trustee. (a) The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. is hereby appointed to serve as Trustee under this Indenture.By execution hereof, the Trustee accepts such appointment. (b) The Trustee shall, prior to an Event of Default, and after the curing or waiver of all Events of Default which may have occurred, perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture. The Trustee shall, during the existence of any Event of Default (which has not been cured or waived), exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. (c) The City may remove the Trustee at any time unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and then be continuing, and shall remove the Trustee if at any time requested to do so by an instrument or concurrent instruments in writing signed by the Owners of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding (or their attorneys duly authorized in writing) or if at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with subsection (f) of this Section 9.01, or shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or a receiver of the Trustee or its property shall be appointed, or any public officer shall take control or charge of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation, in each case by giving a thirty day prior written notice of such removal to the Trustee, and thereupon shall appoint a successor Trustee by an instrument in writing. (d) The Trustee may at any time resign by giving sixty days prior written notice of such resignation to the City and by giving the Bondowners notice of such resignation by mail to the addresses shown on the Bond Registration Books. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, the City shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee by an instrument in writing. (e) Any removal or resignation of the Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee shall become effective upon acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee. If no successor Trustee shall have been appointed and have accepted appointment within forty-five (45) days of giving notice of removal or notice of resignation as aforesaid, the resigning Trustee or any Bondowner (on behalf of himself and all other Bondowners) may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee, and such court may thereupon, after such notice (if any) as it may deem proper, appoint such successor Trustee. Any successor Trustee appointed under this Indenture, shall signify its acceptance of such appointment by executing and delivering to the City and to its predecessor Trustee a written acceptance thereof, and thereupon such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the moneys, estates, properties, rights, powers, trusts, duties and obligations of such predecessor Trustee, with like effect as if originally named Trustee herein; but, nevertheless at the Request of the City or the request of the successor Trustee, such predecessor Trustee shall execute and deliver any and all instruments of conveyance or further assurance and do such other things as may reasonably be required for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all the right, title and interest of such predecessor Trustee in and to any property held by it under this Indenture and shall pay over, transfer, assign and deliver to the successor Trustee any money or other property subject to the trusts and conditions herein set forth. Upon request of the successor -36- Trustee, the City shall execute and deliver any and all instruments as may be reasonably required for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such moneys, estates, properties, rights, powers, trusts, duties and obligations. Upon acceptance of appointment by a successor Trustee as provided in this subsection, the City shall mail a notice of the succession of such Trustee to the trusts hereunder to the Bondowners at the addresses shown on the registration books maintained by the Trustee. If the City fails to mail such notice within fifteen (15) days after acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee, the successor Trustee shall cause such notice to be mailed at the expense of the City. (f) Any Trustee appointed under the provisions of this Section 9.01 in succession to the Trustee shall be a trust company, national banking association or bank having the powers of a trust company having a corporate trust office in the State, having a combined capital and surplus of at least fifty million dollars ($50,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority. If such bank, national banking association or trust company publishes a report of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of any supervising or examining authority above referred to, then for the purpose of this subsection the combined capital and surplus of such bank, national banking association or trust company shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. In case at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this subsection (f), the Trustee shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section 9.01. Section 9.02. Merger or Consolidation. Any company or association into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated or any company or association resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which it shall be a party or any company or association to which the Trustee may sell or transfer all or substantially all of its corporate trust business, provided such company or association shall be eligible under subsection (f) of Section 9.01, shall be the successor to such Trustee, as the case may be, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act, anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding. Section 9.03. Liability of Trustee. (a)The recitals of facts herein and in the Bonds contained shall be taken as statements of the City, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness of the same, or makes any representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Bonds, or shall incur any responsibility in respect thereof, other than in connection with the duties or obligations herein or in the Bonds assigned to or imposed upon it. The Trustee shall, however, be responsible for its representations contained in its certificate of authentication on the Bonds. , The Trustee shall not be liable in connection with the performance of its duties hereunder, except for its own negligence or willful misconduct. The Trustee may become the owner of Bonds with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, and, to the extent permitted by law, may act as depository for and permit any of its officers or directors to act as a member of, or in any other capacity with respect to, any committee formed to protect the rights of Bondowners, whether or not such committee shall represent the Owners of a majority in principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding. (b) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a responsible officer,unless the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. (c) The Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Owners of not less than twenty-five percent (25%) in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds at the time Outstanding, relating to -37- the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee under this Indenture. (d) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request, order or direction of any of the Bondowners, pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture, unless such Bondowners shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which may be incurred therein or thereby. (e) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture. (f) No provision in this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk or expend its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder if repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not assured to it. (g)The Trustee makes no representation, express or implied as to the title, value, design, compliance with specifications or legal requirements, quality, durability, operation, condition, merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose or fitness for the use contemplated by the City of the Enterprise. (h) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of an Event of Default hereunder unless and until it shall have actual knowledge thereof. (i) The Trustee shall have no responsibility with respect to any information, statement or recital in any official statement, offering memorandum or other disclosure material prepared or distributed with respect to the Bonds. (j) The immunities extended to the Trustee also extend to its directors, officers, employees and agents. (k) The permissive right of the Trustee to do things enumerated in this Indenture shall not be construed as a duty. (1) The Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereof and perform any of its duties through attorneys, agents and receivers and shall not be answerable for the same if appointed by it with reasonable care. (m) The Trustee shall have the right to accept and act upon instructions, including funds transfer instructions ("Instructions") given pursuant to this Indenture and delivered using Electronic Means ("Electronic Means" shall mean the following communications methods: e- mail, facsimile transmission, secure electronic transmission containing applicable authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys issued by the Trustee, or another method or system specified by the Trustee as available for use in connection with its services hereunder); provided, however, that the City shall provide to the Trustee an incumbency certificate listing officers with the authority to provide such Instructions ("Authorized Officers") and containing specimen signatures of such Authorized Officers, which incumbency certificate shall be amended by the City whenever a person is to be added or deleted from the listing. If the City elects to give the Trustee Instructions using Electronic Means and the Trustee in its discretion elects to act upon such Instructions, the Trustee's understanding of such Instructions shall be deemed controlling. The City understands and agrees that the Trustee cannot determine the -38- identity of the actual sender of such Instructions and that the Trustee shall conclusively presume that directions that purport to have been sent by an Authorized Officer listed on the incumbency certificate provided to the Trustee have been sent by such Authorized Officer. The City shall be responsible for ensuring that only Authorized Officers transmit such Instructions to the Trustee and that the City and all Authorized Officers are solely responsible to safeguard the use and confidentiality of applicable user and authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys upon receipt by the City. The Trustee shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Trustee's reliance upon and compliance with such Instructions notwithstanding such directions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The City agrees: (i) to assume all risks arising out of the use of Electronic Means to submit Instructions to the Trustee, including without limitation the risk of the Trustee acting on unauthorized Instructions, and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties; (ii) that it is fully informed of the protections and risks associated with the various methods of transmitting Instructions to the Trustee and that there may be more secure methods of transmitting Instructions than the method(s) selected by the City; (iii) that the security procedures (if any) to be followed in connection with its transmission of Instructions provide to it a commercially reasonable degree of protection in light of its particular needs and circumstances; and (iv) to notify the Trustee immediately upon learning of any compromise or unauthorized use of the security procedures. (n) The Trustee shall not be liable to the parties hereto or deemed in breach or default hereunder if and to the extent its performance hereunder is prevented by reason of force majeure. The term "force majeure" means an occurrence that is beyond the control of the Trustee and could not have been avoided by exercising due care. Force majeure shall include but not be limited to acts of God, terrorism, war, riots, strikes, fire, floods, earthquakes, epidemics or other similar occurrences. (o) The Trustee's rights to immunities and protection from liability hereunder and its rights to payment of its fees and expenses shall survive its resignation or removal and final payment or defeasance of the Bonds. (p) The Trustee shall not be responsible for or accountable to anyone for the subsequent use or application of any moneys which shall be released or withdrawn in accordance with the provisions hereof. The Trustee may conclusively rely upon the City's written instructions as to both the suitability and legality of the directed investments and such written direction shall be deemed to be a certification that such directed investments constitute Permitted Investments. Section 9.04. Right of Trustee to Rely on Documents. The Trustee shall be protected in acting upon any notice, resolution, request, requisition, consent, order, certificate, report, opinion, note or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties. The Trustee may consult with counsel, who may be counsel of or to the City, with regard to legal questions, and the opinion of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance therewith. Whenever in the administration of the trusts imposed upon it by this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking or suffering any action hereunder, such matter (unless other evidence in respect thereof be herein specifically prescribed) may be deemed to be conclusively proved and established by a Certificate of the City, and such Certificate shall be full warrant to the Trustee for any action taken or suffered in good faith under the provisions of this Indenture in reliance upon such -39- Certificate, but in its discretion the Trustee may, in lieu thereof, accept other evidence of such matter or may require such additional evidence as to it may seem reasonable. Section 9.05. Preservation and Inspection of Documents. All documents received by the Trustee under the provisions of this Indenture shall be retained in its possession and shall be subject during regular business hours with reasonable prior notice to the inspection of the City and any Bondowner, and their agents and representatives duly authorized in writing, at the Trust Office and under reasonable conditions. Section 9.06. Compensation of Trustee. The City covenants to pay to the Trustee from time to time, from available moneys of the City, and the Trustee shall be entitled to, reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it in the exercise and performance of any of the powers and duties hereunder of the Trustee, and the City will pay or reimburse the Trustee upon its request, from available moneys of the City, for all expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any of the provisions of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its counsel and of all persons not regularly in its employ) except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may arise from its negligence or bad faith. Section 9.07. Indemnification. The City covenants to indemnify the Trustee and to hold it harmless against any loss, liability, expenses or advance, including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel and other experts, incurred or made without negligence or bad faith on the part of the Trustee, in the exercise and performance of any of the powers and duties hereunder by the Trustee, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim of liability arising under this Indenture. Such indemnification shall survive the termination or discharge of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee. -40- ARTICLE X MODIFICATION OR AMENDMENT OF THE INDENTURE Section 10.01. Amendments Permitted. (a) This Indenture and the rights and obligations of the City and of the Owners of the Bonds and of the Trustee may be modified or amended from time to time and at any time by a Supplemental Indenture, which the City and the Trustee may execute when the written consent of the Owners of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Bonds then Outstanding shall have been filed with the Trustee; provided that if such modification or amendment will, by its terms, not take effect so long as any Bonds of any particular maturity remain Outstanding, the consent of the Owners of such Bonds shall not be required and such Bonds shall not be deemed to be Outstanding for the purpose of any calculation of Bonds Outstanding under this Section 10.01. No such modification or amendment shall (1) extend the fixed maturity of any Bond, or reduce the amount of principal thereof, provided in this Indenture for the payment of any Bond, or reduce the rate of interest thereon, or extend the time of payment of interest thereon, without the consent of the Owner of each Bond so affected, or (2) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Bonds the consent of the Owners of which is required to effect any such modification or amendment, or permit the creation of any lien on the Net Revenues and other assets pledged under this Indenture prior to or on a parity with the lien created by this Indenture, or deprive the Owners of the Bonds of the lien created by this Indenture on such Net Revenues and other assets (except as expressly provided in this Indenture), or terminate the insurance of the Bonds, without the consent of the Owners of all of the Bonds then Outstanding. It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Bondowners to approve the particular form of any Supplemental Indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent shall approve the substance thereof. Promptly after the execution by the City and the Trustee of any Supplemental Indenture pursuant to this subsection (a), the Trustee shall mail a notice, setting forth in general terms the substance of such Supplemental Indenture to the Bondowners at the addresses shown on the Bond Registration Books. Any failure to give such notice, or any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such Supplemental Indenture. (b) This Indenture and the rights and obligations of the City, of the Trustee and of the Owners of the Bonds may also be modified or amended from time to time and at any time by a Supplemental Indenture, which the City and the Trustee may execute without the consent of any Bondowners, but only to the extent permitted by law and only for any one or more of the following purposes: (i) to add to the covenants and agreements of the City in this Indenture or contained other covenants and agreements thereafter to be observed, to pledge or assign additional security for the Bonds (or any portion thereof), or to surrender any right or power herein reserved to or conferred upon the City, provided, that no such covenant, agreement, pledge, assignment or surrender shall materially adversely affect the interests of the Owners of the Bonds; and (ii) to make such provisions for the purpose of curing any ambiguity, inconsistency or omission, or of curing or correcting any defective provision, contained in this Indenture, or in regard to matters or questions arising under this Indenture, as the City may deem necessary or desirable and not inconsistent with this Indenture, and which shall not materially adversely affect the interests of the Owners of the Bonds. -41- (c) No such Supplemental Indenture shall modify any of the rights or obligations of the Trustee without its prior written consent thereto; nor shall the Trustee be required to consent to any such Supplemental Indenture which affects its rights or obligations hereunder. In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any Supplemental Indenture permitted by this Article or the modification thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully protected in relying upon, an opinion of counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture and complies with the terms hereof. Section 10.02. Effect of Supplemental Indenture. From and after the time any Supplemental Indenture becomes effective pursuant to this Article X, this Indenture shall be deemed to be modified and amended in accordance therewith, and the respective rights, duties and obligations under this Indenture of the City, the Trustee and all Owners of Bonds Outstanding shall thereafter be determined, exercised and enforced hereunder subject in all • respects to such modification and amendment, and all the terms and conditions of any such Supplemental Indenture shall be deemed to be part of the terms and conditions of this Indenture for any and all purposes. Section 10.03. Endorsement of Bonds; Preparation of New Bonds. Bonds delivered after any Supplemental Indenture becomes effective pursuant to this Article X may, and if the Trustee so determines shall, bear a notation by endorsement or otherwise in form approved by the City and the Trustee as to any modification or amendment provided for in such Supplemental Indenture, and, in that case, upon demand of the Owner of any Bond Outstanding at the time of such execution and presentation of his Bond for the purpose at the Trust Office or at such additional offices as the Trustee may select and designate for that purpose, a suitable notation shall be made on such Bond. If the Supplemental Indenture shall so provide, new Bonds so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the City and the Trustee, to any modification or amendment contained in such Supplemental Indenture, shall be prepared and executed by the City and authenticated by the Trustee, and upon demand of the Owners of any Bonds then Outstanding shall be exchanged at the Trust Office, without cost to any Bondowner, for Bonds then Outstanding, upon surrender for cancellation of such Bonds, in equal aggregate principal amounts of the same maturity. Section 10.04. Amendment of Particular Bonds. The provisions of this Article X shall not prevent any Bondowner from accepting any amendment as to the particular Bonds held by him, provided that due notation thereof is made on such Bonds. -42- ARTICLE XI DEFEASANCE Section 11.01. Discharge of Indenture. Bonds may be paid by the City in any of the following ways; provided that the City also pays or causes to be paid any other sums payable hereunder by the City: (a) by paying or causing to be paid the principal of and interest on Bonds Outstanding, as and when the same become due and payable; (b)by depositing with the Trustee, in trust, at or before maturity, money or non-callable Government Obligations in the necessary amount (as provided in Section 11.03) to pay Bonds Outstanding; or (c)by delivering to the Trustee, for cancellation by it,Bonds Outstanding. If the City shall pay all Bonds Outstanding and shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the City, then and in that case, at the election of the City (evidenced by a Certificate of the City, filed with the Trustee, signifying the intention of the City to discharge all such indebtedness and this Indenture), and notwithstanding that any Bonds shall not have been surrendered for payment, this Indenture and the pledge of Net Revenues and other assets made under this Indenture and all covenants, agreements and other obligations of the City under this Indenture shall cease, terminate, become void and be completely discharged and satisfied, except only as provided in Section 11.02. In such event, upon Request of the City, the Trustee shall cause an accounting for such period or periods as may be requested by the City to be prepared and filed with the City and shall execute and deliver to the City all such instruments as may be necessary or desirable to evidence such discharge and satisfaction, and the Trustee shall pay over, transfer, assign or deliver to the City all moneys or securities or other property held by it pursuant to this Indenture which are not required for the payment of Bonds not theretofore surrendered for such payment. Section 11.02. Discharge of Liability on Bonds. Upon the deposit with the Trustee, in trust, at or before maturity, of money or securities in the necessary amount (as provided in Section 11.01) to pay any Outstanding Bond, provided that the provisions of Section 11.04 shall apply in all events. The City may at any time surrender to the Trustee for cancellation by it any Bonds previously issued and delivered which the City may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and such Bonds, upon such surrender and cancellation, shall be deemed to be paid and retired. Section 11.03. Deposit of Money or Securities with Trustee. Whenever in this Indenture it is provided or permitted that there be deposited with or held in trust by the Trustee money or Government Obligations in the necessary amount to pay any Bonds, the money or Government Obligations so to be deposited or held may include money or Government Obligations held by the Trustee in the funds and accounts established pursuant to this Indenture and shall be: (a) lawful money of the United States of America in an amount equal to the principal amount of such Bonds and all unpaid interest thereon to maturity;or (b) Government Obligations the principal of and interest on which when due will provide money sufficient in the opinion of a certified public accountant to pay the principal of -43- and all unpaid interest to maturity on the Bonds to be paid, as such principal and interest become due. Section 11.04. Payment of Bonds After Discharge of Indenture. Notwithstanding any provisions of this Indenture, any moneys held by the Trustee in trust for the payment of the principal or interest on, any Bonds and remaining unclaimed for two years after the principal of all of the Bonds has become due and payable (whether at maturity or by acceleration as provided in this Indenture), if such moneys were so held at such date, or two years after the date of deposit of such moneys if deposited after said date when all of the Bonds became due and payable, shall be repaid to the City free from the trusts created by this Indenture, and all liability of the Trustee with respect to such moneys shall thereupon cease;provided, however, that before the repayment of such moneys to the City as aforesaid, the Trustee, as the case may be, may (at the cost of the City) first mail a notice, in such form as may be deemed appropriate by the Trustee, to the Owners of the Bonds so payable and not presented and with respect to the provisions relating to the repayment to the City of the moneys held for the payment thereof. -44- ARTICLE XII MISCELLANEOUS Section 12.01. Liability of City Limited to Net Revenues. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Indenture or in the Bonds, the City shall not be required to advance any moneys derived from any source other than the Net Revenues and other assets pledged under this Indenture for any of the purposes mentioned in this Indenture, whether for the payment of the principal of or interest on the Bonds or for any other purpose of this Indenture. Section 12.02. Successor Is Deemed Included in All References to Predecessor. Whenever, in this Indenture either the City or the Trustee is named or referred to, such reference shall be deemed to include the successors or assigns thereof, and all the covenants and agreements in this Indenture contained by or on behalf of the City or the Trustee shall bind and inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns thereof whether so expressed or not. Section 12.03. Limitation of Rights to Parties and Bondowners. Except as provided in Article XII hereof, nothing in this Indenture or in the Bonds expressed or implied is intended or shall be construed to give to any person other than the City, the Trustee and the Owners of the Bonds, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Indenture or any covenant, condition or provision therein or herein contained; and all such covenants, conditions and provisions are and shall be held to be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the City, the Trustee and the Owners of the Bonds. Section 12.04. Waiver of Notice. Whenever the giving of notice by mail or otherwise is required in this Indenture, the giving of such notice may be waived in writing by the person entitled to receive such notice and in any such case the giving or receipt of such notice shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver. Section 12.05. Destruction of Bonds. Whenever in this Indenture provision is made for the cancellation by the Trustee and the delivery to the City of any Bonds, the Trustee shall destroy such Bonds and deliver a certificate of such destruction to the City. Section 12.06. Severability of Invalid Provisions. If any one or more of the provisions contained in this Indenture or in the Bonds shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, then such provision or provisions shall be deemed severable from the remaining provisions contained in this Indenture and such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Indenture, and this Indenture shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein. The City hereby declares that it would have adopted this Indenture and each and every other Section, paragraph, sentence, clause or phrase hereof and authorized the issuance of the Bonds pursuant thereto irrespective of the fact that any one or more Sections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses or phrases of this Indenture may be held illegal, invalid or unenforceable. Section 12.07. Notices. Any notice, request, complaint, demand, communication or other paper shall be sufficiently given and shall be deemed given when delivered or mailed by first class, registered or certified mail, postage prepaid, or sent by confirmed telegram, telecopy or telex, to the address (or such other address as may have been filed with the Trustee in writing) set forth below: If to the City: City of Tustin 300 Centennial Way -45- Tustin,CA 92780 Attention: City Manager . Phone: (714)573-3000 Fax: (714)838-1602 If to the Trustee: The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company,N.A. 400 South Hope Street,Suite 500 Los Angeles,CA 90071 Attention:Corporate Trust Department Phone: (213)630-6260 Fax: (213)630-6480 Any notice provided by the Trustee to the Owners shall also be provided to the City. Section 12.08. Evidence of Rights of Bondowners. Any request, consent or other instrument required or permitted by this Indenture to be signed and executed by Bondowners may be in any number of concurrent instruments of substantially similar tenor and shall be signed or executed by such Bondowners in person or by an agent or agents duly appointed in writing. Proof of the execution of any such request, consent or other instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent, or of the holding by any person of Bonds transferable by delivery, shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and shall be conclusive in favor of the Trustee and of the City if made in the manner provided in this Section 12.08. The fact and date of the execution by any person of any such request, consent or other instrument or writing may be proved by the certificate of any notary public or other officer of any jurisdiction, authorized by the laws thereof to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the person signing such request, consent or other instrument acknowledged to him the execution thereof, or by an affidavit of a witness of such execution duly sworn to before such notary public or other officer. The ownership of registered Bonds shall be proved by the Bond Registration Books held by the Trustee. Any request, consent, or other instrument or writing of the Owner of any Bond shall bind every future Owner of the same Bond and the Owner of every Bond issued in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof, in respect of anything done or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the City in accordance therewith or reliance thereon. Section 12.09. Disqualified Bonds. In determining whether the Owners of the requisite aggregate principal amount of Bonds have concurred in any demand, request, direction, consent or waiver under this Indenture, Bonds which are owned or held by or for the account of the City or by any other obligor on the Bonds, or by any person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by, or under direct or indirect common control with, the City or any other obligor on the Bonds, shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding for the purpose of any such determination. Bonds so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be.regarded as Outstanding for the purposes of this Section 12.09 if the pledgee shall establish to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right to vote such Bonds and that the pledgee is not a person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by, or under direct or indirect common control with, the City or any other obligor on the Bonds. In case of a dispute as to such right, any decision by the Trustee taken upon the advice of counsel shall be full protection to the Trustee. Upon request of the Trustee, the City shall specify in a certificate to the Trustee those Bonds disqualified pursuant to this Section and the Trustee may conclusively rely on such certificate. -46- Section 12.10. Money Held for Particular Bonds. The money held by the Trustee for the payment of the interest, principal due on any date with respect to particular Bonds shall, on and after such date and pending such payment, be set aside on its books and held in trust by it without liability for interest thereon for the Owners of the Bonds entitled thereto, subject, however, to the provisions of Section 11.04. Section 12.11. Funds and Accounts. Any fund required by this Indenture to be established and maintained by the Trustee may be established and maintained in the accounting records of the Trustee, either as a fund or an account, and may, for the purposes of such records, any audits thereof and any reports or statements with respect thereto, be treated either as a fund or as an account; but all such records with respect to all such funds shall at all times be maintained in accordance with customary standards of the industry, to the extent practicable, and with due regard for the protection of the security of the Bonds and the rights of every holder thereof. Section 12.12. Article and Section Headings and References. The headings or titles of the several Articles and Sections hereof, and any table of contents appended to copies hereof, shall be solely for convenience of reference and shall not affect the meaning, construction or effect of this Indenture. All references herein to "Articles," "Sections" and other subdivisions are to the corresponding Articles, Sections or subdivisions of this Indenture; the words "herein," "hereof," "hereby," "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or subdivision hereof; and words of the masculine gender shall mean and include words of the feminine and neuter genders. Section 12.13. Waiver of Personal Liability. No member of the City Council, officer, agent or employee of the City shall be individually or personally liable for the payment of the principal of or interest on the Bonds or be subject to any personal liability or accountability by reason of the issuance thereof; but nothing herein contained shall relieve any such member of the City Council, officer, agent or employee from the performance of any official duty provided by law or by this Indenture. Section 12.14. Execution in Several Counterparts. This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original; and all such counterparts, or as many of them as the City and the Trustee shall preserve undestroyed, shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. Section 12.15. Governing Law. This Indenture shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the Constitution and laws of the State. If this Indenture shall be the subject of litigation, venue shall reside in the federal or state courts of California. -47- IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the CITY OF TUSTIN has caused this Indenture to be signed in its name by the City Manager and attested by the City Clerk, and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., in token of its acceptance of the trust created hereunder, has caused this Indenture to be signed in its corporate name by one of its authorized officers, all as of the day and year first above written. CITY OF TUSTIN By Matthew S. West City Manager Attest: Erica N. Yasuda City Clerk THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee By Authorized Officer -48- EXHIBIT A FORM OF BOND United States of America State of California Orange County CITY OF TUSTIN (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bond, Series 2020 INTEREST RATE MATURITY DATE DATED DATE CUSIP % April 1, February 27, 2020 REGISTERED OWNER: CEDE & CO. PRINCIPAL AMOUNT: DOLLARS The CITY OF TUSTIN, a municipal corporation and general law city duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of California (the "City"), for value received, hereby promises to pay to the Registered Owner named above or registered assigns (the "Owner"), on the Maturity Date stated above, the Principal Amount stated above in lawful money of the United States of America, and to pay interest thereon in like lawful money from the April 1 or October 1 (each an "Interest Payment Date") next preceding the date of authentication hereof, unless said date of authentication is an Interest Payment Date, in which event such interest is payable from such date of authentication, and unless said date of authentication is prior to September 15, 2020, in which event such interest is payable from the Dated Date stated above; provided, however, that if at the time of authentication of this Bond, interest is in default on this Bond, this Bond shall bear interest from the date to which interest has previously been paid or made available for payment on this Bond in full at the Interest Rate per annum stated above, payable semiannually on each Interest Payment Date, commencing October 1, 2020. The principal amount of this Bond is payable at the principal corporate trust office of The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the "Trustee"), in Los Angeles, California, or at such office as the Trustee may designate, upon presentation and surrender of this Bond to the Trustee. Payment of the interest on this Bond will be made to the person whose name appears on the bond registration books of the Trustee as the Owner thereof as of the fifteenth day of the month immediately preceding an Interest Payment Date whether or not said day is a business day (the "Record Date"), such interest to be paid by check mailed on the Interest Payment Date to the Owner or, at the option of any Owner of at least $1,000,000 aggregate principal amount of Bonds and upon written notice received by the Trustee prior to the Record Date, by wire transfer, at the Owner's address as it appears on such bond registration books or to such account as shall have been identified by the Owner in the notice requesting payment by wire transfer. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined are used with the meanings ascribed to them in the Indenture of Trust (the "Indenture"), dated as of February 1, 2020, by and between the City and the Trustee. Exhibit A Page 1 This Bond is one of a series of Bonds of various maturities designated as "City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020" (the "Bonds"), issued pursuant to the provisions of Article 10 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 (commencing with section 53570) of the California Government Code (the "Refunding Bond Law") in the aggregate principal amount of $ , all of like tenor (except for such variations, if any, as may be required to designate varying numbers, maturities or interest rates), issued under and pursuant to the Indenture and approved by the City by Resolution No. adopted by the City Council of the City on February 4, 2020. A copy of the Indenture is on file at the office of the Trustee, and reference to the Indenture and any and all supplements thereto and modifications and amendments thereof and to the Refunding Bond Law is made for a description of the terms on which the Bonds are issued, the provisions with regard to the nature and extent of the net revenues (the "Net Revenues") of the City's municipal Water enterprise (the "Enterprise"), as more particularly described in the Indenture, and the rights of the Owners of the Bonds. All the terms of the Indenture and the Refunding Bond Law are hereby incorporated herein and constitute a contract between the City and the Owners from time to time of this Bond, and to all the provisions thereof the Owner of this Bond, by his acceptance hereof, consents and agrees. Each taker and subsequent Owner hereof shall have recourse to all of the provisions of the Refunding Bond Law and the Indenture and shall be bound by all of the terms and conditions thereof. The Bonds are issued to provide for the refunding of certain outstanding obligations of the City. The Bonds are special obligations of the City and are payable, as to interest thereon and principal thereof, from the Net Revenues. All of the Bonds are equally secured by a pledge of, and charge and lien upon, that portion of the Net Revenues necessary to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds in any Fiscal Year, and the Net Revenues constitute a trust fund for the security and payment of the principal of and interest on all of the Bonds. Additional obligations of the City payable from the Net Revenues on a parity with the Bonds may be issued, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions precedent set forth in the Indenture. The principal of and interest on the Bonds are payable solely from the Net Revenues, and the City is not obligated to pay the Bonds except from the Net Revenues. The general fund of the City is not liable, and the full faith and credit or taxing power of the City is not pledged, for the payment of the principal of and interest on the Bonds. The Bonds are not secured by a legal or equitable pledge of, or charge, lien or encumbrance upon, any of the property of the City or any of its income or receipts, except the Net Revenues. The City covenants that, so long as any of the Bonds are outstanding, it will fix, prescribe and collect charges so as to yield Net Revenues at least equal to the amounts thereof prescribed by the Indenture and sufficient to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture. The Bonds maturing on or after April 1, , are subject to redemption prior to their respective maturity dates, at the option of the City, as a whole or in part on any date or in part, in such order of maturity as shall be selected by the City (or in inverse order of maturity if the City shall fail to select a particular order) and by lot within a maturity, on or after April 1, from any source of available funds, at a redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Bonds to be redeemed, plus accrued interest thereon to the date of redemption, without premium. The Bonds maturing on April 1, (the "Term Bonds") are subject to mandatory redemption, in part by lot, from Sinking Account payments set forth in the following schedule on April 1, , and on each April 1 thereafter to and including April 1, , at a redemption Exhibit A Page 2 price equal to the principal amount thereof to be redeemed (without premium), together with interest accrued thereon to the date fixed for redemption; provided, however, that if some but not all of the Term Bonds have been optionally redeemed as described above, the total amount of Sinking Account payments to be made subsequent to such redemption shall be reduced in an amount equal to the principal amount of the Term Bonds so redeemed by reducing each such future Sinking Account payment on a pro rata basis (as nearly as practicable) in integral multiples of$5,000, as shall be designated pursuant to written notice filed by the City with the Trustee. Sinking Account Redemption Date Principal Amount (April 1) to be Redeemed tMaturity If an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture, shall occur, the principal of all Bonds may be declared due and payable upon the conditions, in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture, but such declaration and its consequences may be rescinded and annulled as further provided in the Indenture. This Bond is transferable, as provided in the Indenture, only upon the books of the City kept for that purpose at the office of the Trustee, by the Owner hereof in person, or by his attorney duly authorized in writing, upon the surrender of this Bond together with a written instrument of transfer satisfactory to the Trustee duly executed by the registered Owner or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon a new Bond or Bonds, without coupons, and in the same aggregate principal amount and of the same maturity, shall be issued to the transferee in exchange herefor, as provided in the Indenture, and upon the payment of charges, if any, including, after the first exchange, the cost of preparing new Bonds therein prescribed. The rights and obligations of the City and of the Owners of the Bonds may be modified or amended at any time in the manner, to the extent and upon the terms provided in the Indenture. No such modification or amendment shall permit a change in the maturity of the principal of any outstanding Bond or of any installment of interest thereon or a reduction in the principal amount or in the rate of interest thereon without the consent of the Owner of such Bond, or shall reduce the percentages or otherwise affect the classes of Bonds, the consent of the Owners of which is required to effect any such modification or amendment, all as more fully set forth in the Indenture. It is hereby certified that all of the conditions, things and acts required to exist, to have happened or to have been performed precedent to and in the issuance of this Bond do exist, have happened or have been performed in due time, form and manner as required by law and that the amount of this Bond, together with all other indebtedness of the City, does not exceed any limit prescribed by the Constitution or laws of the State of California, and is not in excess of the amount of Bonds permitted to be issued under the Indenture. Unless this Bond is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, a New York corporation ("DTC"), to the issuer or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange, or payment, and any Bond issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or in such other name as is requested by an authorized representative of DTC (and any payment is Exhibit A Page 3 made to Cede & Co. or to such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of DTC), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL inasmuch as the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co.,has an interest herein. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the City of Tustin has caused this Bond to be executed in its name and on its behalf with the manual or facsimile signature of its City Manager and the manual or facsimile signature of its City Clerk all as of the Dated Date stated above. CITY OF TUSTIN By City Manager Attest: City Clerk TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION This is one of the Bonds described in the within-mentioned Indenture, which has been authenticated and registered on THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee By Authorized Officer Exhibit A Page 4 ASSIGNMENT For value received the undersigned hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto whose address and social security or other tax identifying number is the within-mentioned Bond and hereby irrevocably constitute(s)and appoint(s) attorney, to transfer the same on the Bond registration books of the Trustee with full power of substitution in the premises. Dated: Signature Guaranteed: Notice: Signature guarantee shall be made by a Note: The signature(s) on this Assignment must guarantor institution participating in the Securities correspond with the name(s)as written on the face of the Transfer Agents Medallion Program or in such other within Bond in every particular without alteration or guarantee program acceptable to the Trustee. enlargement or any change whatsoever. • Exhibit A Page 5 Quint&Thimmig LLP 11/21/19 12/17/19 01/01/20 ESCROW AGREEMENT by and between the CITY OF TUSTIN and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Escrow Bank Dated February 27, 2020 Relating to Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds 20015.09 ESCROW AGREEMENT This ESCROW AGREEMENT is dated February 27, 2020, by and between the CITY OF TUSTIN, a municipal corporation and general law city organized and existing under the constitution and laws of the State of California (the "City"), and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., a national banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, as escrow agent (the"Escrow Bank"); WITNESSETH: WHEREAS, the Tustin Public Financing Authority (the "Authority") has heretofore issued its Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds, in the original principal amount of $14,045,000, of which $13,810,000 is currently outstanding (the "2013 Bonds"), the proceeds of which were used to finance and refinance the costs of the acquisition, construction, installation and equipping of improvements to the City's municipal water system (the "2013 Project"); WHEREAS, the 2013 Bonds were issued pursuant to the terms of an indenture of trust, dated as of October 1, 2013 (the "2013 Indenture"), by and between the Authority and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee(the "2013 Trustee"); WHEREAS, in order to provide for the repayment of the 2013 Bonds, the Authority sold the 2013 Project to the City pursuant to an installment sale agreement, dated as of October 1, 2013 (the "2013 Installment Sale Agreement"), under which the City agreed to make installment payments to the Authority (the "2013 Installment Payments") from in sufficient amounts in each year to pay the full amount of principal of and interest on the 2013 Bonds; WHEREAS, the City has determined that, as a result of favorable financial market conditions and for other reasons, it is in the best interests of the City at this time to refinance the City's obligation to make the 2013 Installment Payments and, as a result thereof, to provide for the payment of the principal of and interest on the 2013 Bonds to and including April 1, 2022, and for the redemption of all outstanding 2013 Bonds on April 1, 2022, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, and to that end, the City has issued its $ City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "2020 Bonds"), pursuant to an indenture of trust, dated as of February 1, 2020 (the "2020 Indenture"), by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee(the "Trustee"); WHEREAS, Article 10 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 (commencing with section 53570) of the California Government Code (the "Refunding Bond Law") authorizes the City to issue refunding bonds for the purpose of refunding obligations of the City; WHEREAS, the City proposes to appoint the Escrow Bank as its agent for the purpose of defeasing the City's obligation under the 2013 Installment Sale Agreement, providing for the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments in accordance with the instructions provided by this Escrow Agreement and of applying said 2013 Installment Payments to the defeasance, payment and redemption of the 2013 Bonds and the Escrow Bank desires to accept said appointment; and WHEREAS, the Escrow Bank has full powers to perform the duties and obligations to be undertaken pursuant to this Escrow Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the above premises and of the mutual promises and covenants herein contained and for other valuable consideration, the parties hereto do hereby agree as follows: Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used, but not otherwise defined, herein, shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the 2013 Indenture. Section 2. Appointment of Escrow Bank. The City hereby appoints the Escrow Bank as escrow bank for all purposes of this Escrow Agreement and in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Escrow Agreement, and the Escrow Bank hereby accepts such appointment. Section 3. Establishment of Escrow Fund. There is hereby created by the City with, and to be held by, the Escrow Bank, as security for the payment of the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments, the payment of the principal of, interest on and redemption price of the 2013 Bonds as hereinafter set forth, an irrevocable escrow to be maintained by the Escrow Bank on behalf of the City and for the benefit of the owners of the 2013 Bonds, said escrow to be designated the "Escrow Fund." All moneys and Escrowed Federal Securities (hereinafter defined) deposited in the Escrow Fund shall be held as a special fund to provide for the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments, the payment of the principal of and interest on the 2013 Bonds to and including April 1, 2022, and to redeem the outstanding 2013 Bonds on April 1, 2022 (the "Redemption Date"), at the redemption price of 100% of the principal amount thereof (the "Redemption Price"), in accordance with the provisions of this Escrow Agreement. If at any time the Escrow Bank shall receive actual knowledge that the moneys in the Escrow Fund will not be sufficient to make any payment required hereof, the Escrow Bank shall notify the City of such fact and the City shall immediately cure such deficiency. Section 4. Deposit into Escrow Fund; Investment of Amounts. (a) Concurrently with delivery of the 2020 Bonds, the City shall cause to be transferred to the Escrow Bank for deposit into the Escrow Fund the amount of$ in immediately available funds, derived as follows: (i) $374,160.00 from amounts on deposit with the Trustee received from the City to pay the scheduled debt service payment on the 2013 Bonds; and (ii) $ from the proceeds of sale of the 2020 Bonds. (b) The Escrow Bank shall invest $ of the moneys deposited into the Escrow Fund pursuant to the preceding paragraph in the securities set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein (the "Escrowed Federal Securities") and shall hold the remaining $ in cash, uninvested. The Escrowed Federal Securities shall be deposited with and held by the Escrow Bank in the Escrow Fund solely for the uses and purposes set forth herein. (c)The Escrow Bank may rely upon the conclusion of Causey Demgen&Moore, P.C., as contained in its opinion and accompanying schedules (the "Report") dated February 27, 2020, that the Escrowed Federal Securities mature and bear interest payable in such amounts and at such times as, together with cash on deposit in the Escrow Fund, will be sufficient to provide for the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments, the payment of the principal of and interest on the 2013 Bonds to and including April 1, 2022, and to redeem the outstanding 2013 Bonds on the Redemption Date at the Redemption Price. -2- (d) The Escrow Bank shall not be liable or responsible for any loss resulting from its full compliance with the provisions of this Escrow Agreement. (e) Any money left on deposit in the Escrow Fund after payment in full of the 2013 Bonds, and the payment of all amounts due to the Escrow Bank hereunder, shall be applied to the payment of debt service on the 2020 Bonds. (f) If at any time the Escrow Bank shall receive actual knowledge that the moneys and the Escrowed Federal Securities in the Escrow Fund will not be sufficient to make any payment required by Section 4 hereof, the Escrow Bank shall notify the City of such fact and the City shall immediately cure such deficiency. The Escrow Bank shall have no liability or responsibility for such insufficiency. (g) If the Escrow Bank learns that the Department of the Treasury or the Bureau of Public Debt will not, for any reason, accept a subscription of state and local government series securities ("SLGS")that is to be submitted pursuant to this Escrow Agreement, the Escrow Bank shall promptly request alternative written investment instructions from the City with respect to funds which were to be invested in SLGS. The Escrow Bank shall follow such instructions and, upon the maturity of any such alternative investment, the Escrow Bank shall hold such funds uninvested and without liability for interest until receipt of further written instructions from the City. In the absence of investment instructions from the City, the Escrow Bank shall not be responsible for the investment of such funds or interest thereon. The Escrow Bank may conclusively rely upon the City's selection of an alternative investment as a determination of the alternative investment's legality and suitability and shall not be liable for any losses related to the alternative investments or for compliance with any yield restriction applicable thereto. Section 5. Instructions as to Application of Deposit. (a) The maturing Escrowed Federal Securities, the investment earning thereon and the uninvested cash in the Escrow Fund pursuant to Section 3 shall be applied by the Escrow Bank for the sole purposes of providing for the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments, the payment of the principal of and interest on the 2013 Bonds to and including April 1, 2022, and to redeem the outstanding 2013 Bonds on the Redemption date at the Redemption Price, all as set forth in Exhibit B attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein. (b)The Escrow Bank, in its capacity as 2013 Trustee, is hereby requested, and the Escrow Bank, in such capacity, hereby agrees to give notice of the defeasance of the 2013 Bonds to the owners of the 2013 Bonds and to the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (at http://emma.msrb.org)in the form of defeasance notice attached hereto as Exhibit C. (d)The Escrow Bank, in its capacity as 2013 Trustee, is hereby requested, and the Escrow Bank, in such capacity, hereby agrees to give notice, of the redemption of the 2013 Bonds on April 1, 2022, in accordance with the applicable provisions of the 2013 Indenture and the form of redemption notice attached hereto as Exhibit D. Section 5. Investment of Any Remaining Moneys. The Escrow Bank shall invest and reinvest the proceeds received from any of the Escrowed Federal Securities, and the cash originally deposited into the Escrow Fund, for a period ending not later than the next succeeding interest payment date relating to the 2013 Installment Payments and the 2013 Bonds, in U.S. Treasury Securities pursuant to written directions of the City; provided, however, that (a) such written directions of the City shall be accompanied by (i) a certification of an independent certified public accountant or firm of certified public accountants of favorable national reputation experienced in the refunding of obligations of political subdivisions that the Federal -3- Securities then to be so deposited in the Escrow Fund, together with the cash then on deposit in the Escrow Fund, together with the interest to be derived therefrom, shall be in an amount at all times at least sufficient to make the payments specified in Section 4 hereof, and (ii) an opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel ("Bond Counsel") that investment in accordance with such directions will not affect, for Federal income tax purposes, the exclusion from gross income of interest due with respect to the 2013 Bonds, and (b) if the City directs such investment or reinvestment to be made in SLGS, the City shall, at its cost, cause to be prepared all necessary subscription forms therefor in sufficient time to enable the Escrow Bank to acquire such securities. In the event that the City shall fail to file any such written directions with the Escrow Bank concerning the reinvestment of any such proceeds, such proceeds shall be held uninvested by the Escrow Bank. Any interest income resulting from investment or reinvestment of moneys pursuant to this Section 4 and not required for the purposes set forth in Section 2, as indicated by such verification, shall, promptly upon the receipt of such interest income by the Escrow Bank,be paid to the City. Section 6. Substitution or Withdrawal of Defeasance Obligations. The City may, at any time, direct the Escrow Bank in writing to substitute Defeasance Obligations for any or all of the Escrowed Defeasance Obligations then deposited in the Escrow Fund, or to withdraw and transfer to the City any portion of the Defeasance Obligations then deposited in the Escrow Fund, provided that any such direction and substitution or withdrawal shall be simultaneous and shall be accompanied by (a) a certification of an independent certified public accountant or firm of certified public accountants of favorable national reputation experienced in the refunding of obligations of political subdivisions that the Defeasance Obligations then to be so deposited in the Escrow Fund together with interest to be derived therefrom, or in the case of withdrawal, the Defeasance Obligations to be remaining in the Escrow Fund following such withdrawal together with the interest to be derived therefrom, together with the cash then on deposit in the Escrow Fund, shall be in an amount at all times at least sufficient to make the payments specified in Section 3 hereof; and (b) an opinion of Bond Counsel that the substitution or withdrawal will not affect, for Federal income tax purposes, the exclusion from gross income of interest on the 2013 Bonds. In the event that, following any such substitution of Defeasance Obligations pursuant to this Section 5, there is an amount of moneys or Defeasance Obligations in excess of an amount sufficient to make the payments required by Section 3 hereof, as indicated by such verification, such excess shall be paid to the City. Section 7. Application of 2013 Funds. On the date of deposit of amounts in the Escrow Fund pursuant to Section 4, the Escrow Bank, as 2013 Trustee, is hereby directed to withdraw all amounts on deposit in the 2013 Reserve Fund ($1,764,754.14) and transfer such sum into the Escrow Fund. Any amounts remaining in any fund or account created with respect to the 2013 Bonds, including interest earnings received by the 2013 Trustee, shall, after payment of all fees and expenses of the 2013 Trustee, be paid to the Trustee and shall be applied to the payment of debt service on the 2020 Bonds. Section 8. Application of Certain Terms of 2013 Indenture. All of the terms of the 2013 Indenture relating to the making of payments of principal and interest with respect to the 2013 Bonds are incorporated in this Escrow Agreement as if set forth in full herein. The provisions of the 2013 Indenture relating to the limitations from liability and protections afforded the 2013 Trustee and the resignation and removal of the 2013 Trustee are also incorporated in this Escrow Agreement as if set forth in full herein and shall be the procedure to be followed with respect to any resignation or removal of the Escrow Bank hereunder. -4- Section 9. Compensation to Escrow Bank. The City shall pay the Escrow Bank full compensation for its duties under this Escrow Agreement, including out-of-pocket costs such as publication costs, prepayment or redemption expenses, legal fees and other costs and expenses relating hereto. Under no circumstances shall amounts deposited in the Escrow Fund be deemed to be available for said purposes. Section 8. Liabilities and Obligations of Escrow Bank. The Escrow Bank shall have no obligation to make any payment or disbursement of any type or incur any financial liability in the performance of its duties under this Escrow Agreement unless the City shall have deposited sufficient funds with the Escrow Bank. The Escrow Bank may rely and shall be protected in acting upon the written instructions of the City or its agents relating to any matter or action as Escrow Bank under this Escrow Agreement. The Escrow Bank and its respective Successors, assigns, agents and servants shall not be held to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract, or otherwise, in connection with the execution and delivery of this Escrow Agreement, the establishment of the Escrow Fund, the acceptance of the moneys deposited therein, the sufficiency of the uninvested moneys held hereunder to accomplish the purposes set forth in Section 4 hereof, or any payment, transfer or other application of moneys by the Escrow Bank in accordance with the provisions of this Escrow Agreement or by reason of any non-negligent act, non-negligent omission or non- negligent error of the Escrow Bank made in good faith in the conduct of its duties. The recitals of fact contained in the "whereas" clauses herein shall be taken as the statement of the City, and the Escrow Bank assumes no responsibility for the correctness thereof. The Escrow Bank makes no representations as to the sufficiency of the uninvested moneys to accomplish the purposes set forth in Section 4 hereof or to the validity of this Escrow Agreement as to the City and, except as otherwise provided herein, the Escrow Bank shall incur no liability in respect thereof. The Escrow Bank shall not be liable in connection with the performance of its duties under this Escrow Agreement except for its own negligence or willful misconduct, and the duties and obligations of the Escrow Bank shall be determined by the express provisions of this Escrow Agreement. The Escrow Bank may consult with counsel, who may or may not be counsel to the City, and in reliance upon the written opinion of such counsel shall have full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it in good faith in accordance therewith. Whenever the Escrow Bank shall deem it necessary or desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering, or omitting any action under this Escrow Agreement, such matter (except the matters set forth herein as specifically requiring a certificate of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants or an opinion of counsel) may be deemed to be conclusively established by a written certification of the City. Anything in this Escrow Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall the Escrow Bank be liable for special, indirect, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the Escrow Bank has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action. The Escrow Bank shall have the right to accept and act upon instructions, including funds transfer instructions ("Instructions") given pursuant to this Agreement and delivered using Electronic Means ("Electronic Means" shall mean the following communications methods: e-mail, facsimile transmission, secure electronic transmission containing applicable authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys issued by the Escrow Bank, or another method or system specified by the Escrow Bank as available for use in connection with its services hereunder.); provided, however, that the City shall provide to the Escrow Bank an incumbency certificate listing officers with the authority to provide such Instructions ("Authorized Officers") and containing specimen signatures of such Authorized Officers, which -5- incumbency certificate shall be amended by the City, whenever a person is to be added or deleted from the listing. If the City elects to give the Escrow Bank Instructions using Electronic Means and the Escrow Bank in its discretion elects to act upon such Instructions, the Escrow Bank's understanding of such Instructions shall be deemed controlling. The City understands and agrees that the Escrow Bank cannot determine the identity of the actual sender of such Instructions and that the Escrow Bank shall conclusively presume that directions that purport to have been sent by an Authorized Officer listed on the incumbency certificate provided to the Escrow Bank have been sent by such Authorized Officer. The City shall be responsible for ensuring that only Authorized Officers transmit such Instructions to the Escrow Bank and that the City and all Authorized Officers are solely responsible to safeguard the use and confidentiality of applicable user and authorization codes, passwords and/or authentication keys upon receipt by the City. The Escrow Bank shall not be liable for any losses, costs or expenses arising directly or indirectly from the Escrow Bank's reliance upon and compliance with such Instructions notwithstanding such directions conflict or are inconsistent with a subsequent written instruction. The City agrees: (i) to assume all risks arising out of the use of Electronic Means to submit Instructions to the Escrow Bank, including without limitation the risk of the Escrow Bank acting on unauthorized Instructions, and the risk of interception and misuse by third parties; (ii) that it is fully informed of the protections and risks associated with the various methods of transmitting Instructions to the Escrow Bank and that there may be more secure methods of transmitting Instructions than the method(s) selected by the City; (iii) that the security procedures (if any) to be followed in connection with its transmission of Instructions provide to it a commercially reasonable degree of protection in light of its particular needs and circumstances; and (iv) to notify the Escrow Bank immediately upon learning of any compromise or unauthorized use of the security procedures. The City hereby assumes liability for, and hereby agrees (whether or not any of the transactions contemplated hereby are consummated), to the extent permitted by law, to indemnify, protect, save and hold harmless the Escrow Bank and its respective successors, assigns, agents, officers, directors, employees and servants from and against any and all liabilities, obligations, losses, damages, penalties, claims, actions, suits, costs, expenses and disbursements (including legal fees and disbursements) of whatsoever kind and nature which may be imposed on, incurred by, or asserted against, at any time, the Escrow Bank(whether or not also indemnified against by any other person under any other agreement or instrument) and in any way relating to or arising out of the execution and delivery of this Escrow Agreement, the establishment of the Escrow Fund, the retention of the moneys therein and any payment, transfer or other application of moneys by the Escrow Bank in accordance with the provisions of this Escrow Agreement, or as may arise by reason of any act, omission or error of the Escrow Bank made in good faith in the conduct of its duties; provided, however, that the City shall not be required to indemnify the Escrow Bank against its own negligence or misconduct. The indemnities contained in this Section 9 shall survive the termination of this Escrow Agreement or the resignation or removal of the Escrow Bank. The City acknowledges that to the extent regulations of the Comptroller of the Currency or other applicable regulatory entity grant the City the right to receive brokerage confirmations of security transactions as they occur, the City specifically waives receipt of such confirmations to the extent permitted by law. The Escrow Bank will furnish the City monthly cash transaction statements which include detail for all investment transactions made by the Escrow Bank hereunder. No provision of this Escrow Agreement shall require the Escrow Bank to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance or exercise of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of its rights or powers. -6- The Escrow Bank may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents, attorneys, custodians or nominees appointed with due care and shall not be responsible for any willful misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent, attorney, custodian or nominee so appointed. The Escrow Bank may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, approval or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties. The Escrow Bank may at any time resign by giving 30 days written notice of resignation to the City. Upon receiving such notice of resignation, either City shall promptly appoint a successor and, upon the acceptance by the successor of such appointment, release the resigning Escrow Bank from its obligations hereunder by written instrument, a copy of which instrument shall be delivered to each of the City, the resigning Escrow Bank and the successor. If no successor shall have been so appointed and have accepted appointment within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Escrow Bank may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor. Section 10. Amendment. This Escrow Agreement may be modified or amended at any time by a supplemental agreement which shall become effective when the written consents of the owners of one hundred percent (100%) in aggregate principal amount of the 2013 Bonds shall have been filed with the Escrow Bank. This Escrow Agreement may be modified or amended at any time by a supplemental agreement, without the consent of any such owners, but only (1) to add to the covenants and agreements of any party, other covenants to be observed, or to surrender any right or power herein or therein reserved to the City, (2) to cure, correct or supplement any ambiguous or defective provision contained herein, (3) in regard to questions arising hereunder or thereunder, as the parties hereto or thereto may deem necessary or desirable and which, in the opinion of counsel, shall not materially adversely affect the interests of the owners of the 2013 Bonds or the 2020 Bonds, and that such amendment will not cause interest on the 2013 Bonds or the 2020 Bonds to become subject to federal income taxation. In connection with any contemplated amendment or revocation of this Escrow Agreement, 2013 written notice thereof and draft copies of the applicable legal documents shall be provided by the City to each rating agency then rating the 2013 Bonds. Section 11. Severability. If any section, paragraph, sentence, clause or provision of this Escrow Agreement shall for any reason be held to be invalid or unenforceable, the invalidity or unenforceability of such section, paragraph, sentence clause or provision shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Escrow Agreement. Notice of any such invalidity or unenforceability shall be provided to each rating agency then rating the 2013 Bonds. Section 12. Notice of Escrow Bank and City. Any notice to or demand upon the Escrow Bank may be served and presented, and such demand may be made, at the Principal Corporate Trust Office of the Escrow Bank as specified by the Escrow Bank as 2013 Trustee in accordance with the provisions of the 2013 Indenture. Any notice to or demand upon the City shall be deemed to have been sufficiently given or served for all purposes by being mailed by first class mail, and deposited, postage prepaid, in a post office letter box, addressed to such party as provided in the 2013 Indenture (or such other address as may have been filed in writing by the City with the Escrow Bank). Section 13. Merger or Consolidation of Escrow Bank. Any company into which the Escrow Bank may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated or any company resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which it shall be a party or -7- any company to which the Escrow Bank may sell or transfer all or substantially all of its corporate trust business, provided such company shall be eligible to act as trustee under the 2013 Indenture, shall be the Successor hereunder to the Escrow Bank without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act. Section 14. Execution in Several Counterparts. This Escrow Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and each of such counterparts shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original; and all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. Section 15. Business Days. Whenever any act is required by this Escrow Agreement to be done on a specified day or date, and such day or date shall be a day other than a business day for the Escrow Bank, then such act may be done on the next succeeding business day. Section 16. Governing Law. This Escrow Agreement shall be construed and governed in accordance with the laws of the State of California. [The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank] -8- IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the City and the Escrow Bank have each caused this Escrow Agreement to be executed by their duly authorized officers all as of the date first above written. CITY OF TUSTIN By Matthew S. West City Manager Attest: Erica N. Yasuda City Clerk THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Escrow Bank By Name Title -9- EXHIBIT A SCHEDULE OF ESCROW SECURITIES Type Maturity Coupon Par Price Cost Accrued Total Exhibit A EXHIBIT B REDEMPTION SCHEDULE Interest Payment Maturing Called Redemption Total Date Principal Principal Interest Premium Payment 4/1/20 $50,000 — $324,160.00 — $ 374,160.00 10/1/20 — — 323,160.00 — 323,160.00 4/1/21 55,000 — 323,160.00 — 378,160.00 10/1/21 — — 321,785.00 — 321,785.00 4/1/22 55,000 $13,650,000 321,785.00 — 14,026,785.00 Exhibit D EXHIBIT C NOTICE OF DEFEASANCE Tustin Public Financing Authority (Orange County, California) 2013 Water Revenue Bonds Maturity Date Amount Defeased Interest Rate CUSIP No. 4/1/20 $ 50,000 4.000% 90105T BD2 4/1/21 55,000 5.000 90105T BE0 4/1/22 55,000 5.000 90105T BF7 4/1/23 55,000 5.000 90105T BG5 4/1/24 320,000 3.800 90105T BH3 4/1/25 335,000 4.000 90105T BJ9 4/1/26 345,000 4.300 90105T BK6 4/1/27 360,000 4.500 90105T BL4 4/1/28 380,000 4.000 90105T BM2 4/1/29 400,000 4.000 90105T BNO 4/1/30 415,000 4.000 90105T BP5 4/1/31 425,000 4.125 901051 BQ3 4/1/32 445,000 4.125 90105T BR1 4/1/33 465,000 4.250 90105T BS9 4/1/38 2,000,000 5.000 90105T BT7 4/1/38 665,000 4.500 90105T BV2 4/1/43 6,000,000 5.000 90105T BU4 4/1/43 1,040,000 4.625 90105T BWO NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN to the owners of the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds, described above (the "Bonds"), that pursuant to the indenture authorizing the issuance of the Bonds (the "Indenture"), the lien of the Indenture with respect to the Bonds has been discharged through the irrevocable deposit of cash and U.S. Treasury securities in an escrow fund (the "Escrow Fund"). The Escrow Fund has been established and is being maintained pursuant to that certain Escrow Agreement, dated February 27, 2020, by and between the City of Tustin (the "City") and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company,N.A.,as escrow bank(the"Escrow Bank").As a result of such deposit, the Bonds are deemed to have been paid and defeased in accordance with the Indenture. The pledge of the funds provided for under the Indenture and all other obligations of the Tustin Public Financing Authority and the City to the owners of the Bonds shall hereafter be limited to the application of the maturing U.S. Treasury securities, the earnings thereon and cash in the Escrow Fund for the payment of the principal,interest and redemption of the Bonds as described below. As evidenced by a verification report delivered to the Escrow Bank, cash and U.S. Treasury securities deposited in the Escrow Fund are calculated to provide sufficient moneys to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds to and including April 1, 2022, and to redeem the outstanding Bonds in full on April 1, 2022 (the "Redemption Date"), at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof. From and after the Redemption Date, interest with respect to the Bonds shall cease to accrue and be payable. Dated: ,2020 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,as Escrow Bank Exhibit C EXHIBIT D • NOTICE OF FULL AND FINAL REDEMPTION Tustin Public Financing Authority (Orange County,California) 2013 Water Revenue Bonds Issue Maturity Principal Redemption Redemption Date Date Amount Premium Price Interest Rate CUSIP No. 10/22/13 4/1/23 $ 55,000 — $ 55,000 5.000% 90105T BG5 10/22/13 4/1/24 320,000 — 320,000 3.800 90105T BH3 10/22/13 4/1/25 335,000 — 335,000 4.000 90105T BJ9 10/22/13 4/1/26 345,000 — 345,000 4.300 90105T BK6 10/22/13 4/1/27 360,000 — 360,000 4.500 90105T BL4 10/22/13 4/1/28 380,000 — 380,000 4.000 90105T BM2 10/22/13 4/1/29 400,000 — 400,000 4.000 90105T BNO 10/22/13 4/1/30 415,000 — 415,000 4.000 90105T BP5 10/22/13 4/1/31 425,000 — 425,000 4.125 90105T BQ3 10/22/13 4/1/32 445,000 — 445,000 4.125 90105T BR1 10/22/13 4/1/33 465,000 — 465,000 4.250 90105T BS9 10/22/13 4/1/38 2,000,000 — 2,000,000 5.000 90105T BT7 10/22/13 4/1/38 665,000 — 665,000 4.500 90105T BV2 10/22/13 4/1/43 6,000,000 — 6,000,000 5.000 90105T BU4 10/22/13 4/1/43 1,040,000 — 1,040,000 4.625 90105T BWO NOTICE is hereby given that the City of Tustin(the "City")has called for redemption on April 1, 2022 (the "Redemption Date"), the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds, described above(the"Bonds"),in the aggregate principal amount of$13,650,000 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof (the"Redemption Price"). Payment of principal will be made upon presentation on and after the Redemption Date, at the following addresses: First Class/Registered/Certified Express Delivery Only By Hand Only The Bank of New York Mellon The Bank of New York Mellon The Bank of New York Mellon Global Corporate Trust Global Corporate Trust Global Corporate Trust P.O.Box 396 111 Sanders Creek Parkway Corporate Trust Window East Syracuse,NY 13057 East Syracuse,NY 13057 101 Barclay Street 1St Floor East New York,NY 10286 Owners of Bonds presenting their Bonds in person for the same day payment must surrender their Bonds by 1:00 p.m. on the Redemption Date and a check will be available for pickup after 2:00 p.m. Checks not picked up by 4:30 p.m.will be mailed to the owner by first class mail. Interest with respect to the principal amount designated to be redeemed shall cease to accrue on and after the Redemption Date. If payment of the Redemption Price is to be made to the owner of the Bonds, such owner is not required to endorse the Bond to collect the Redemption Price. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Act") 24% of the Redemption Price will be withheld if a tax identification number is not properly certified.The Form W-9 may be obtained from the Internal Revenue Service. Exhibit D Page Neither the City nor The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, shall be held responsible for the selection or use of the CUSIP numbers, nor is any representation made as to its correctness as shown in this Redemption Notice. It is included solely for convenience of the Owners. Dated: ,2022 THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A.,as Trustee Exhibit D Jones Hall Draft 1-2-20 $ CITY OF TUSTIN (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 BOND PURCHASE AGREEMENT February_, 2020 City of Tustin 300 Centennial Way Tustin, California 93654 Ladies and Gentlemen: Stifel, Nicolaus&Company, Incorporated (the"Underwriter")offers to enter into this Bond Purchase Agreement (this "Purchase Agreement") with the City of Tustin (the "City") for the purchase by the Underwriter of the City's Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "Bonds"). This offer is made subject to the City's acceptance by execution of this Purchase Agreement and delivery of the same to the Underwriter on or before 11:59 p.m. Pacific Standard Time on the date hereof, and, if not so accepted, will be subject to withdrawal by the Underwriter upon notice delivered to the City at any time prior to such acceptance. Upon the City's acceptance hereof, the Purchase Agreement will be binding upon the City and the Underwriter. The City acknowledges and agrees that: (i) the purchase and sale of the Bonds (as hereinafter defined) pursuant to this Purchase Agreement is an arm's-length commercial transaction between the City and the Underwriter; (ii) in connection therewith and with the discussions, undertakings and procedures leading up to the consummation of such transaction, the Underwriter is and has been acting solely as principal and is not acting as agent or Municipal Advisor (as defined in Section 15B of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")), and has not assumed any advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the City with respect to the offering of the Bonds or the process leading thereto (whether or not the Underwriter has advised or is currently advising the City on other matters); (iii)the only obligations the Underwriter has to the City with respect to the transaction contemplated hereby expressly are set forth in this Purchase Agreement; (iv) the City has consulted its own legal, financial, accounting, tax and other advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate; (v) the Underwriter has financial interests that differ from and may be adverse to those of the City; and (vi) the Underwriter has provided the City with certain disclosures required under the rules of the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (the "MSRB"). The City acknowledges and represents that it has engaged Fieldman Rolapp & Associates, Inc. as its Municipal Advisor and will rely on the financial advice of Fieldman Rolapp & Associates, Inc. with respect to the Bonds. Capitalized terms used in this Purchase Agreement and not otherwise defined herein will have the respective meanings set forth for such terms in the Indenture (as hereinafter defined). Section 1. Purchase and Sale. Upon the terms and conditions and upon the basis of the representations set forth in this Purchase Agreement, the Underwriter agrees to purchase from the City, and the City agrees to sell and deliver to the Underwriter, all (but not less than all) of the Bonds at a purchase price of $ (being an amount equal to the principal amount of the Bonds ($ ), [plus original issue premium of $ ,] and less an underwriter's discount of $ ). The obligation of the Underwriter to purchase, accept delivery of and pay for the Bonds will be conditioned on the sale and delivery of all of the Bonds by the City to the Underwriter at Closing (hereinafter defined). Section 2. Bond Terms; Purpose; Security. (a) Bond Terms and Authorization. The Bonds will be dated their date of delivery and will mature and bear interest as shown on Exhibit A. The Bonds will be as described in, and will be issued and secured under, an Indenture of Trust, dated as of February 1, 2020 (the "Indenture"), by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the "Trustee"). The Bonds are payable and subject to redemption as shown in Exhibit A. The Bonds will be issued pursuant to Article 10 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 (commencing with section 53570) of the California Government Code, and the City Resolution (as hereinafter defined). (b) Purpose. The City is issuing the Bonds to provide funds to: (i) prepay in full the City's outstanding installment payment obligations (the "2013 Installment Payments") under an Installment Sale Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2013 (the "2013 Installment Sale Agreement"), by and between the City and the Tustin Public Financing Authority (the "Authority"), and to redeem all of the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority 2013 Water Revenue Bonds (the "2013 Bonds") in accordance with the Escrow Agreement (as defined below), and (ii) pay costs incurred in connection with the issuance of the Bonds. The 2013 Bonds were issued pursuant to an indenture of trust, dated as of October 1, 2013 (the "2013 Indenture"), by and between the Authority and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. The 2013 Bonds are payable from the 2013 Installment Payments. In connection with the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments and the payment and redemption of the 2013 Bonds, the City will cause a portion of the proceeds of the Bonds to be deposited into an escrow fund held by The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as escrow agent(the"Escrow Agent"), pursuant to an Escrow Agreement, dated February [27], 2020 (the "Escrow Agreement"), by and between the City and the Escrow Agent. (c) Security. Under the Indenture, the Bonds will be secured by a pledge of "Net Revenues" (as defined therein)which generally consists of gross revenues of the City's municipal water system (the "Enterprise") less maintenance and operation costs of the Enterprise, as more particularly described in the Indenture. Section 3. Public Offering. The Underwriter agrees to make an initial bona fide public offering of all of the Bonds, at not in excess of the initial public offering yields or prices set forth on Exhibit A. Following the initial public offering of the Bonds, the offering prices may be changed from time to time by the Underwriter, provided that the Underwriter shall not change any of the principal amounts or the interest rates set forth on Exhibit A. The Bonds may be offered and sold to certain dealers at prices lower than such initial public offering prices. The Bonds are subject to redemption as set forth in Exhibit A. 2 Section 4. Official Statement; Continuing Disclosure. (a)The City has delivered to the Underwriter the Preliminary Official Statement dated [February 6], 2020 (the"Preliminary Official Statement") and will deliver to the Underwriter a final official statement dated the date of this Purchase Agreement (as amended and supplemented from time to time pursuant to Section 5(i) of this Purchase Agreement, the "Official Statement"). Subsequent to its receipt of the City's 15c2-12 Certificate, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, deeming the Preliminary Official Statement final for purposes of Rule 15c2-12 of the Securities and Exchange Commission, as amended ("Rule 15c2-12"), the Underwriter has distributed copies of the Preliminary Official Statement. The City hereby ratifies the use by the Underwriter of the Preliminary Official Statement and authorizes the Underwriter to use and distribute in printed and/or electronic format the Official Statement (including all information previously permitted to have been omitted by Rule 15c2-12, and any supplements and amendments thereto as have been approved by the City as evidenced by the execution and delivery of such document by an officer of the City), the Indenture, the Escrow Agreement, this Purchase Agreement, the Continuing Disclosure Certificate (hereinafter defined), and all information contained therein, and all other documents, certificates and written statements furnished by the City to the Underwriter in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Purchase Agreement, in connection with the offer and sale of the Bonds by the Underwriter. The Underwriter hereby agrees to deliver a copy of the Official Statement to the MSRB through the Electronic Municipal Marketplace Access website of the MSRB on or before the date of the Closing and otherwise to comply with all applicable statutes and regulations in connection with the offering and sale of the Bonds, including, without limitation, MSRB Rule G-32 and Rule 15c2-12. The City agrees to deliver to the Underwriter as many copies of the Official Statement as the Underwriter will reasonably request as necessary to comply with paragraph (b)(4) of Rule 15c2-12. The City agrees to deliver the final Official Statement within seven business days after the execution hereof, or such earlier date identified by the Underwriter to be necessary to allow the Underwriter to meet its obligations under Rule 15c2-12 and Rule G-32 of the MSRB. (b) The Underwriter agrees to: (1) provide the City with final pricing information on the Bonds on a timely basis prior to the Closing; and (2) take any and all other actions necessary to comply with applicable Securities and Exchange Commission rules and MSRB rules governing the offering, sale and delivery of the Bonds to ultimate purchasers. (c) In connection with issuance of the Bonds, and in order to assist the Underwriter with complying with the provisions of Rule 15c2-12, the City will execute a Continuing Disclosure Certificate (the "Continuing Disclosure Certificate"), under which the City will undertake to provide certain financial and operating data as required by Rule 15c2-12. The form of the Continuing Disclosure Certificate is attached as an appendix to the Preliminary Official Statement and will be attached as an appendix to the final Official Statement. Section 5. Representations, Warranties and Covenants of the City. The City hereby represents, warrants and agrees with the Underwriter that: (a) The City is a municipal corporation that is duly organized and existing under and by virtue of the general laws of the State of California (the "State") and has all necessary power and authority to adopt its resolution adopted on [February 4, 2020] (the "City Resolution"), to enter into and perform its duties under the Indenture, the Continuing Disclosure Certificate, the Escrow Agreement, and this Purchase Agreement (the "City Agreements") and, when executed and delivered by the respective parties thereto, the City Agreements will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the City enforceable in accordance with their respective terms. 3 (b) The city council (the"City Council")of the City has taken official action by adopting the City Resolution by a majority of the members of the City Council at a meeting duly called, noticed and conducted, at which a quorum was present and acting throughout, authorizing the execution, delivery and due performance of the City Agreements and the Official Statement and the taking of any and all such action as may be required on the part of the City to carry out, give effect to and consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. (c) By all necessary official action, the City has duly adopted the City Resolution, has duly authorized the preparation and delivery of the Preliminary Official Statement and the preparation, execution and delivery of the Official Statement, has duly authorized and approved the execution and delivery of, and the performance of its obligations under, the City Agreements, and the consummation by it of all other transactions contemplated by the City Resolution, the City Agreements, the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement. When executed and delivered by the respective parties thereto, the City Agreements (assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by and enforceability against the other parties thereto) will be in full force and effect and each will constitute legal, valid and binding agreements or obligations of the City, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws or equitable principles relating to or limiting creditors rights generally, the application of equitable principles, the exercise of judicial discretion and the limitations on legal remedies against public entities in the State. (d) At the time of the City's acceptance hereof and at all times subsequent thereto up to and including the time of the Closing, the information and statements in the Official Statement (other than any information concerning The Depository Trust Company and the book-entry system for the Bonds or provided by the Underwriter) do not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. (e) As of the date hereof, there is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation before or by any court, public board or body pending against the City or, to the best knowledge of the City, threatened, wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding would: (i) affect the creation, organization, existence or powers of the City, or the titles of its members or officers; (ii) in any way question or affect the validity or enforceability of City Agreements or the Bonds, or(iii) in any way question or affect the Purchase Agreement or the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, the Official Statement, or any other agreement or instrument to which the City is a party relating to the Bonds. (f) There is no consent, approval, authorization or other order of, or filing or registration with, or certification by, any regulatory authority having jurisdiction over the City required for the execution and delivery of this Purchase Agreement or the consummation by the City of the other transactions contemplated by the Official Statement or the City Agreements. (g) Any certificate signed by any official of the City authorized to do so will be deemed a representation and warranty by the City to the Underwriter as to the statements made therein. (h) Except as previously disclosed to the Underwriter, the City is not in default, and at no time has the City defaulted in any material respect, on any bond, note or other obligation for borrowed money or any agreement under which any such obligation is or was outstanding. 4 (i) (1) Except as disclosed in the Official Statement or otherwise disclosed in writing to the Underwriter, there has not been any materially adverse change in the financial condition of the City since June 30, 2019, and there has been no occurrence or circumstance or combination thereof that is reasonably expected to result in any such materially adverse change. (2) If between the date of this Purchase Agreement and the date which is 25 days following the End of the Underwriting Period, any event will occur which might or would cause the Official Statement, as then supplemented or amended, to contain any untrue statement of a material fact or to omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, the City will immediately notify the Underwriter, and if, in the opinion of the Underwriter, such event requires the preparation and publication of a supplement or amendment to the Official Statement, the City will at its expense supplement or amend the Official Statement in a form and in a manner approved by the Underwriter. (3)After the Closing, the City will not participate in the issuance of any amendment of or supplement to the Official Statement to which, after being furnished with a copy, the Underwriter reasonably objects in writing or which is disapproved by Underwriter's Counsel. If any event relating to or affecting the City occurs as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of the Underwriter, to amend or supplement the Official Statement in order to make the Official Statement not misleading in the light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser, the City will use its best efforts to assist the Underwriter in preparing (at the expense of the City for 90 days after the date of the Closing, and thereafter at the expense of the Underwriter) a reasonable number of copies of an amendment of or supplement to the Official Statement (in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriter)which will amend or supplement the Official Statement so that it will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing at the time the Official Statement is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading. For the purposes of this subsection, the City will furnish such information with respect to itself as the Underwriter may from time to time reasonably request. 0) Except as disclosed in the Official Statement or otherwise disclosed in writing to the Underwriter, the City has not previously failed to comply in all material respects with any undertakings under Rule 15c2-12 in the past five years. The report of Lumesis, Inc. dated as of , 2020 (the "Continuing Disclosure Due Diligence Report") identifies all of the issues for which the City was obligated to provide continuing disclosure under Rule 15c2-12 during the past five years and all of the material event filings that were required with respect to such issues during the five-year period. (k) The City does not need the consent of its auditor to include its comprehensive annual financial report for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 as an appendix to the Official Statement. (I) The City will comply with the security provisions of the 2013 Installment Sale Agreement and the redemption provisions of the 2013 Bonds in connection with the payment and 5 prepayment of all of the outstanding 2013 Installment Payments and the payment and redemption of the 2013 Bonds. (m) The City covenants with the Underwriter that the City will cooperate with the Underwriter(at the cost and written directions of the Underwriter), in qualifying the Bonds for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdiction of the United States as the Underwriter may reasonably request; provided, however, that the City shall not be required to consent to suit or to service of process, or to qualify to do business, in any jurisdiction. The City consents to the use by the Underwriter of the City Agreements, the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement in the course of its compliance with the securities or Blue Sky laws of the various jurisdictions related to the offering and sale of the Bonds. Section 6. The Closing. (a) At 8:30 A.M., Pacific Standard Time, on [February 27], 2020, or on such earlier or later time or date as may be agreed upon by the Underwriter and the City (the "Closing"), the City will deliver the Bonds to the Underwriter, through the book-entry system of The Depository Trust Company ("DTC"). Prior to the Closing, the City will deliver, at the offices of Quint&Thimmig LLP ("Bond Counsel"), in Larkspur, California, or such other place as is mutually agreed upon by the Underwriter and the City, the other documents described in this Purchase Agreement. On the date of the Closing, the Underwriter will pay the purchase price of the Bonds as set forth in Section 1 of this Purchase Agreement in immediately available funds to the order of the Trustee. (b) The Bonds will be issued in fully registered form and will be prepared and delivered as one Bond for each maturity registered in the name of a nominee of DTC. It is anticipated that CUSIP identification numbers will be inserted on the Bonds, but neither the failure to provide such numbers nor any error with respect thereto will constitute a cause for failure or refusal by the Underwriter to accept delivery of the Bonds in accordance with the terms of this Purchase Agreement. Section 7. Conditions to Underwriter's Obligations. The Underwriter has entered into this Purchase Agreement in reliance upon the representations and warranties of the City contained herein and to be contained in the documents and instruments to be delivered on the date of the Closing, and upon the performance by the City of its obligations to be performed hereunder and under such documents and instruments to be delivered at or prior to the date of the Closing. The Underwriter's obligations under this Purchase Agreement are and will also be subject to the sale, issuance and delivery of the Bonds as well as the following conditions: (a) The representations and warranties of the City contained in this Purchase Agreement will be true and correct in all material respects on the date of this Purchase Agreement and on and as of the date of the Closing as if made on the date of the Closing; (b) As of the date of the Closing, the Official Statement may not have been amended, modified or supplemented, except in any case as may have been agreed to by the Underwriter; (c) (i) As of the date of the Closing, the City Resolution and the City Agreements will be in full force and effect, and will not have been amended, modified or supplemented, except as may have been agreed to by the Underwriter; and (iii) the City will perform or have performed all of its obligations required under or specified in the City Resolution, the City Agreements and this Purchase Agreement to be performed at or prior to the date of the Closing; 6 (d) As of the date of the Closing, all necessary official action of the City relating to the City Agreements, the City Resolution, and the Official Statement, will have been taken and will be in full force and effect and will not have been amended, modified or supplemented in any material respect, except as may have been agreed to by the City and Underwriter; and (e) As of or prior to the date of the Closing, the Underwriter will have received each of the following documents: (1) A certified copy of the City Resolution. (2) Duly executed copies of the City Agreements. (3) The Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, with the Official Statement duly executed on behalf of the City. (4) An approving opinion of Bond Counsel, dated as of the Closing, as to the validity of the Bonds, the exclusion of interest on the Bonds from State income taxation addressed to the City substantially in the form attached as an appendix to the Official Statement, and a reliance letter with respect thereto addressed to the Underwriter and the Trustee. (5) A supplemental opinion of Bond Counsel, addressed to the Underwriter, to the effect that: (i) The Escrow Agreement, the Continuing Disclosure Certificate, and this Purchase Agreement have been duly executed and delivered by City and are each valid and binding upon the City, subject to laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or creditors' rights generally and to the application of equitable principles; (ii) The Bonds are exempt from registration pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and the Indenture is exempt from qualification pursuant to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended; and (iii) The statements contained in the Official Statement on the cover and under the headings "INTRODUCTION," "THE REFUNDING PLAN," "THE BONDS," "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS," "TAX MATTERS," in "APPENDIX A — SUMMARY OF THE INDENTURE" and "APPENDIX F— FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL," insofar as such statements purport to describe certain provisions of the Bonds, the Indenture, and the Escrow Agreement, or to state legal conclusions and the opinion of Bond Counsel regarding the tax-exempt nature of the Bonds from State income taxation, present a fair and accurate summary of the provisions thereof. (6) An opinion of Quint & Thimmig LLP, as disclosure counsel to the City, addressed to the Underwriter, to the effect that: We are not passing upon and do not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Preliminary Official Statement or the Official Statement and make no representation that we have independently verified the accuracy,completeness or fairness of any such statements. However, in our capacity as disclosure counsel to the City, we have reviewed certain documents as described above and have participated in 7 conferences during which the contents of the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement and related matters were discussed. Based on our review of documents and our participation in the above-mentioned conferences, and with the assumptions described in the second preceding paragraph, we advise you that, during the course of our assistance in the preparation of the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, no facts have come to the attention of the attorneys in our firm rendering legal services in connection with such representation that caused us to believe that the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, as of their date and as of the date of this letter contained or contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (except that we express no opinion or belief with respect to: (i) the expressions of opinion, the assumptions, the projections, the financial statements or other financial, numerical, economic, demographic or statistical data contained in the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, (ii) any CUSIP numbers or information relating thereto contained in the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, (iii) any information contained in the appendices to the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, (iv) any information with respect to the Depository Trust Company and its book entry system for the Bonds contained or incorporated in the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, (v) any information incorporated by reference into the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, (vi) information with respect to the rating on the Bonds and the rating agency referenced in the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement, and (vii) compliance by the City with its obligations to provide notices of the events described in Part (b)(5)(i)(C)of Rule 15c2-12 of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, as amended (the "Rule") or to file annual reports described in Part (b)(5)(i)(A) of the Rule, which compliance we have not reviewed pursuant to your direction). (7) An opinion or opinions of Woodruff, Spradlin & Smart, P.C., Costa Mesa, California, as City Attorney, dated as of the Closing addressed to the City, the Trustee and the Underwriter, in form and substance acceptable to the Underwriter, to the effect that: (i) The City is a municipal corporation duly organized and existing under and by virtue of the general laws of the State. The City Council is the governing body of the City. (ii) The City has all necessary power and authority to adopt the City Resolution, to enter into and perform its duties under the City Agreements, and, when executed and delivered by the respective parties thereto, the City Agreements will each constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the City enforceable in accordance with its respective terms, except as such enforcement may be limited by bankruptcy, moratorium and the exercise of equitable principles where equitable remedies are sought. (iii) The City Resolution was duly adopted at a meeting of the City Council, which was called and held pursuant to law and with all public notice required by law and at which a quorum was present and acting throughout and the City Resolution is in full force and effect and has not been modified, amended or rescinded since the date of its adoption. 8 (iv) The execution and delivery by the City of the City Agreements, the Official Statement and the other instruments contemplated by any of such documents to which the City is a party, and compliance with the provisions of each thereof, will not conflict with or constitute a breach of or default under any applicable law or administrative rule or regulation of the State, the United States or any department, division, agency or instrumentality of either thereof, or any applicable court or administrative decree or order or any loan agreement, note, resolution, indenture, contract, agreement or other instrument to which the City is a party or is otherwise subject or bound in a manner which could materially adversely affect the City's performance under the City Agreements. (v) All approvals, consents, authorizations, elections and orders of or filings or registrations with any governmental authority, board, agency or commission having jurisdiction which would constitute a condition precedent to, or the absence of which could materially adversely affect, the performance by the City of its obligations under the City Agreements have been obtained and are in full force and effect. (vi) To the best of the City Attorney's knowledge, after due inquiry, no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, at law or in equity, before or by any court, public board or body, is pending or threatened in any way against the City (A) affecting the existence of the City or the titles of its City Council members or its officers to their respective offices, (B) seeking to restrain or to enjoin the issuance or sale of the Bonds, (C) in any way contesting or affecting the validity or enforceability of the City Resolution or the City Agreements, (D) in any way contesting the powers of the City to issue or sell the Bonds or its authority with respect to the City Resolution or the City Agreements, (E) in any way contesting or affecting any of the rights, powers, duties or obligations of the City with respect to the money or property pledged or to be pledged under the Indenture or (F) in any way questioning the accuracy of the statements in the Preliminary Official Statement or the Official Statement. (8) A letter of Jones Hall, A Professional Law Corporation ("Underwriter's Counsel"), addressed to the Underwriter, in form and substance acceptable to the Underwriter. (9) An executed certificate of the City, dated as of the date of the Preliminary Official Statement, in the form attached as Exhibit B. (10) An executed closing certificate of the City, dated as of the Closing, in the form attached as Exhibit C. (11) The opinion of counsel to The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. ("BNY"), as Trustee and Escrow Agent, dated as of the Closing, addressed to the City and the Underwriter to the effect that: (i) BNY is a national banking association duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization, and has the corporate power to execute and deliver, and to perform its obligations under, the Indenture and the Escrow Agreement; 9 (ii) The Indenture and the Escrow Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by BNY, and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the other parties thereto, the Indenture and the Escrow Agreement constitute the valid and legally binding agreements of BNY enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to laws relating in bankruptcy, insolvency or other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and the application of equitable principles if equitable remedies are sought; and (iii) The Trustee has duly authenticated the Bonds (12) A certificate of BNY, as Trustee and Escrow Agent, dated as of the Closing, in the form attached as Exhibit D. (13) Evidence of required filings with the California Debt and Investment Advisory Commission. (14) A copy of the executed Blanket Issuer Letter of Representations by and between the City and DTC relating to the book-entry system. (15) Evidence that the Bonds have received the ratings described in the Official Statement. (16) A defeasance opinion of Bond Counsel, in form and substance acceptable to the Underwriter, relating to the 2013 Installment Sale Agreement and the 2013 Bonds. (17) A copy of the Continuing Disclosure Due Diligence Report. (18) A certificate of Fieldman Rolapp & Associates, Inc., the City's municipal advisor, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit E. (19) A letter addressed to the City, the Underwriter, and Bond Counsel, dated the date of the Closing, from Causey Demgen & Moore P.C. (the "Verification Agent"), verifying the accuracy of the mathematical computations concerning the adequacy of the moneys to be deposited with the Escrow Agent to provide for the payment and prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments and the payment and redemption of the 2013 Bonds. (20) Such additional legal opinions, certificates, proceedings, instruments and other documents as the Underwriter or Bond Counsel may reasonably request to evidence compliance by the City with legal requirements, the truth and accuracy, as of the date of the Closing, of the representations of the City herein contained and of the Official Statement and the due performance or satisfaction by the City at or prior to such time of all agreements then to be performed and all conditions then to be satisfied by the City. All of the opinions, letters, certificates, instruments and other documents mentioned in this Purchase Agreement will be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions of this Purchase Agreement if, but only if, they are in form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriter. If the City is unable to satisfy the conditions to the obligations of the Underwriter to purchase, to accept delivery of and to pay for the Bonds contained in this Purchase Agreement or if the obligations of the Underwriter to purchase, to accept delivery of and to pay for the Bonds will be terminated for any reason permitted by this Purchase Agreement, this Purchase Agreement will terminate and neither the Underwriter nor the City will be under further obligations hereunder, except that the 10 respective obligations of the City and the Underwriter set forth in Section 11 of this Purchase Agreement will continue in full force and effect. Section 8. Conditions to City's Obligations. The performance by the City of its respective obligations under this Purchase Agreement are conditioned upon: (i)the performance by the Underwriter of its obligations hereunder and (ii) receipt by the City of opinions addressed to the City, and receipt by the Underwriter of opinions addressed to the Underwriter, and the delivery of certificates being delivered on the date of the Closing by persons and entities other than the City. Section 9. [Reserved]. Section 10. Termination Events. The Underwriter will have the right to terminate the Underwriter's obligations under this Purchase Agreement to purchase, to accept delivery of and to pay for the Bonds by notifying the City of its election to do so if, after the execution hereof and prior to the Closing, any of the following events occurs: (a) the marketability of the Bonds or the market price thereof, in the opinion of the Underwriter, has been materially and adversely affected by any decision issued by a court of the United States (including the United States Tax Court) or of the State, by any ruling or regulation (final, temporary or proposed)issued by or on behalf of the Department of the Treasury of the United States, the Internal Revenue Service, or other governmental agency of the United States, or any governmental agency of the State, or by a tentative decision or announcement by any member of the House Ways and Means Committee, the Senate Finance Committee, or the Conference Committee with respect to contemplated legislation or by legislation enacted by, pending in, or favorably reported to either the House of Representatives or either House of the Legislature of the State, or formally proposed to the Congress of the United States by the President of the United States or to the Legislature of the State by the Governor of the State in an executive communication, affecting the tax status of the City, its property or income, its bonds (including the Bonds) or the interest thereon or any tax exemption granted or authorized by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended; (b) the United States becomes engaged in hostilities that result in a declaration of war or a national emergency, or any other outbreak of hostilities occurs, or a local, national or international calamity or crisis occurs,financial or otherwise,the effect of such outbreak, calamity or crisis being such as, in the reasonable opinion of the Underwriter, would affect materially and adversely the ability of the Underwriter to market the Bonds; (c)there occurs a general suspension of trading on the New York Stock Exchange or the declaration of a general banking moratorium by the United States, New York State or State authorities; (d) a stop order, ruling, regulation or official statement by, or on behalf of, the Securities and Exchange Commission is issued or made to the effect that the issuance, offering or sale of the Bonds is or would be in violation of any provision of the Securities Act of 1933, as then in effect, or of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as then in effect, or of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as then in effect; (e) legislation is enacted by the House of Representatives or the Senate of the Congress of the United States of America, or a decision by a court of the United States of 11 America is rendered, or a ruling or regulation by or on behalf of the Securities and Exchange Commission or other governmental agency having jurisdiction of the subject matter is made or proposed to the effect that the Bonds are not exempt from registration, qualification or other similar requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as then in effect, or of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as then in effect; (f) in the reasonable judgment of the Underwriter, the market price of the Bonds, or the market price generally of obligations of the general character of the Bonds, might be materially and adversely affected because additional material restrictions not in force as of the date hereof is imposed upon trading in securities generally by any governmental authority or by any national securities exchange; (g) the Comptroller of the Currency, The New York Stock Exchange, or other national securities exchange, or any governmental authority, imposes, as to the Bonds or obligations of the general character of the Bonds, any material restrictions not now in force, or increase materially those now in force, with respect to the extension of credit by, or the charge to the net capital requirements of, or financial responsibility requirements of the Underwriter; (h) a general banking moratorium is established by federal, New York or State authorities; (i) any legislation, ordinance, rule or regulation is introduced in or be enacted by any governmental body, department or agency in the State or a decision of a court of competent jurisdiction within the State is rendered, which, in the opinion of the Underwriter, after consultation with the City, materially adversely affects the market price of the Bonds; (j) any federal or State court, authority or regulatory body takes action materially and adversely affecting the payment or receipt of the principal and interest on the Bonds; (k) any withdrawal, downgrading or placement on credit watch negative of any underlying rating of any securities of the City by a national municipal bond rating agency that, in the opinion of the Underwriter, adversely affects the market price of the Bonds; or (I) an event occurs which in the reasonable opinion of the Underwriter makes untrue or misleading in any material respect any statement or information contained in the Official Statement (other than any information relating to the Underwriter). Section 11. Payment of Expenses. (a) The Underwriter will be under no obligation to pay, and the City will pay the following expenses incident to the performance of the City's obligations hereunder: (i)the fees and disbursements of the City's municipal advisor and of Bond Counsel and Disclosure Counsel; (ii)the cost of printing and delivering the Bonds, the Preliminary Official Statement and the Official Statement (and any amendment or supplement prepared pursuant to Sections 5(i) of this Purchase Agreement); 12 (iii) the fees and disbursements of accountants, advisers and of any other experts or consultants retained by the City; and (iv) any other expenses and costs of the City incident to the performance of its obligations in connection with the authorization, issuance and sale of the Bonds, including out-of-pocket expenses and regulatory expenses, and any other expenses agreed to by the parties. (b) The City will be under no obligation to pay, and the Underwriter will pay, any fees of the California Debt and Investment Advisory Commission, the cost of obtaining CUSIP numbers, the cost of preparation of any "blue sky" or legal investment memoranda and this Purchase Agreement; and all other expenses incurred by the Underwriter in connection with its public offering and distribution of the Bonds (except those specifically enumerated in paragraph (a) of this section), including the fees and disbursements of Underwriter's Counsel, meals, transportation and lodging (but not entertainment expenses), and any advertising expenses in connection with the public offering of the Bonds. Section 12. Notices. Any notice or other communication to be given to the City under this Purchase Agreement may be given by delivering the same in writing to the City, to the attention of the Finance Director or City Manager, at the address set forth on the first page of this Purchase Agreement, and any notice or other communication to be given to the Underwriter under this Purchase Agreement may be given by delivering the same in writing to Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, One Montgomery Street, 35th Floor, San Francisco, California 94104, Attention: Sara Brown. Section 13. Survival of Representations, Warranties, Agreements. All of the City's representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Purchase Agreement will remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of: (a) any investigations made by or on behalf of the Underwriter; or (b) delivery of and payment for the Bonds pursuant to this Purchase Agreement. The agreements contained in this Section and in Section 11 will survive any termination of this Purchase Agreement. Section 14. Benefit; No Assignment. This Purchase Agreement is made solely for the benefit of the City and the Underwriter(including its successors and assigns), and no other person will acquire or have any right hereunder or by virtue hereof. The rights and obligations created by this Purchase Agreement are not subject to assignment by the Underwriter or the City without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto. Section 15. Severability. In the event that any provision of this Purchase Agreement is held invalid or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not invalidate or render unenforceable any other provision of this Purchase Agreement. Section 16. Counterparts. This Purchase Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which taken together will constitute one agreement, and any of the parties hereto may execute the Purchase Agreement by signing any such counterpart. Section 17. Governing Law. This Purchase Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State. 13 Section 18. Effectiveness. This Purchase Agreement will become effective upon the execution of the acceptance hereof by an authorized officer of the City, and will be valid and enforceable as of the time of such acceptance. Very truly yours, STIFEL, NICOLAUS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED, as Underwriter By: Authorized Officer Accepted: CITY OF TUSTIN By: Authorized Representative Time of Execution: S-1 EXHIBIT A MATURITY SCHEDULE Maturity Principal Interest (April 1) Amount Rate Yield Price C: Priced to optional redemption date of April 1, 20_, at par. T: Term Bonds REDEMPTION Optional Redemption. The Bonds maturing on or before April 1, , are not subject to optional redemption prior to maturity. The Bonds maturing on or after April 1, , are subject to redemption, at the option of the City on any date on and after April 1, , as a whole or in part, from any available source of funds, at a redemption price equal to the principal amount thereof, together with accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption, without premium. Mandatory Sinking Fund Redemption. The Bonds maturing on April 1, , are also subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption in part by lot on April 1, , and on each April 1 thereafter, to and including April 1, , from Mandatory Sinking Account Payments made by the City at a redemption price equal to the principal amount thereof, without premium, in the aggregate respective amounts and on the respective dates as set forth in the following table. Redemption Date Principal Amount (April 1) to be Redeemed * Maturity. A-1 EXHIBIT B $ CITY OF TUSTIN (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 15c2-12 CERTIFICATE The undersigned hereby certifies and represents that he is the duly appointed City Manager of the City of Tustin (the "City"), and as such is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Certificate and further hereby certifies and confirms on behalf of the City as follows: (1) This Certificate is delivered in connection with the offering and sale of the bonds captioned above (the "Bonds"), in order to enable the underwriter of the Bonds to comply with Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 15c2-12 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Rule"). (2) In connection with the offering and sale of the Bonds, there has been prepared a Preliminary Official Statement, setting forth information concerning the Bonds and the City (the "Preliminary Official Statement"). (3) As used herein, "Permitted Omissions" means the offering price(s), interest rate(s), selling compensation, aggregate principal amount, principal amount per maturity, delivery dates, ratings and other terms of the Bonds depending on such matters, all with respect to the Bonds. (4) The Preliminary Official Statement is, except for the Permitted Omissions, deemed final within the meaning of Rule 15c2-12, and the information therein is accurate and complete except for the Permitted Omissions. Dated: , 2020 CITY OF TUSTIN By: Matthew S. West City Manager B-1 EXHIBIT C $ CITY OF TUSTIN (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 CLOSING CERTIFICATE OF THE CITY The undersigned hereby certifies and represents that he or she is the duly appointed and acting representative of the City of Tustin (the"City"), and is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Certificate and further hereby certifies and reconfirms on behalf of the City as follows: (i)The representations, warranties and covenants of the City contained in the Bond Purchase Agreement dated February _, 2020, between the City and Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, as underwriter (the "Purchase Agreement"), are true and correct and in all material respects on and as of the date of the Closing with the same effect as if made on the date of the Closing. (ii) The City Resolution is in full force and effect at the date of the Closing and has not been amended, modified or supplemented. (iii) The City has complied with all the agreements and satisfied all the conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied on or prior to the date of the Closing. (iv) Subsequent to the date of the Official Statement and on or prior to the date of such certificate, there has been no material adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise) of the City, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of operations, as described in the Official Statement. (v) The Preliminary Official Statement as of its date and the date of the Purchase Agreement and the Official Statement as of its date and the date of the Closing (other than any information it contains concerning The Depository Trust Company and the book-entry system for the Bonds or provided by the Underwriter) do not contain any untrue or misleading statement of a material fact and do not omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given in the Purchase Agreement. Dated: [February 27, 2020] CITY OF TUSTIN By: Authorized Officer C-1 EXHIBIT D CITY OF TUSTIN (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 CLOSING CERTIFICATE OF THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A. The undersigned hereby certifies and represents that he or she is the duly appointed and acting representative of The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. ("BNY"), and is duly authorized to execute and deliver this Certificate and further hereby certifies and reconfirms on behalf of BNY as follows: (i) BNY has all necessary power to enter into the following documents (collectively, the "BNY Documents"): (A)the Indenture of Trust, dated as of February 1, 2020, by and between the City of Tustin (the "City") and BNY, as trustee (the "Indenture") and (B) the Escrow Agreement, dated [February 27, 2020], by and among the City and BNY, as escrow agent, relating to the 2013 Bonds; (ii)The BNY Documents have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by BNY, and the BNY Documents constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of BNY enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency or other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and by the application of equitable principles, if equitable remedies are sought; (iii) No consent, approval, authorization or other action by any governmental or regulatory authority having jurisdiction over BNY that has not been obtained is or will be required for the execution and delivery of BNY or the performance by BNY of its duties and obligations under the BNY Documents; (iv) The execution and delivery by BNY of the BNY Documents and compliance with the terms thereof will not conflict in any material respect with, or result in a violation or breach of, or constitute a default under, any material agreement or material instrument to which BNY is a party or by which it is bound, or any law or any rule, regulation, order or decree of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over BNY or any of its activities or properties (except that no representation, warranty or agreement need be made by such counsel with respect to any federal or State securities or blue sky laws or regulations); and (v) To the knowledge of BNY, after due inquiry, there is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation, at law or in equity, before or by any court or governmental agency, public board or body pending, or threatened against BNY which in the reasonable judgment of BNY would affect the existence of BNY or in any way contesting or affecting the validity or enforceability of the BNY Documents or contesting the powers of BNY or its authority to enter into and perform its obligations thereunder. D-1 Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given in the Bond Purchase Agreement dated February_, 2020, between the City and Stifel, Nicolaus &Company, Incorporated, as underwriter. Dated: [February 27, 2020] THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON TRUST COMPANY, N.A., as Trustee and Escrow Agent By: Authorized Officer D-2 EXHIBIT E $ CITY OF TUSTIN (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 CERTIFICATE OF MUNICIPAL ADVISOR The undersigned hereby states and certifies: (i) that the undersigned is an authorized officer of Fieldman Rolapp & Associates, Inc. (the "Municipal Advisor"), which has acted as municipal advisor to the City of Tustin (the "City") in connection with the issuance of the above-referenced bonds (the "Bonds"), and as such, is familiar with the facts herein certified and is authorized and qualified to certify the same; (ii) that the Municipal Advisor has reviewed the Preliminary Official Statement dated , 2020 (the "Preliminary Official Statement") and the final Official Statement dated , 2020 (the "Official Statement") relating to the Bonds; and (iii) that nothing has come to the attention of the Municipal Advisor which would lead it to believe that the Preliminary Official Statement as of the date of the pricing of the Bonds or its date or the Official Statement as of its date or the date hereof contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Dated: [February 27, 2019] FIELDMAN ROLAPP & ASSOCIATES, INC., as Municipal Advisor By: Authorized Officer E-1 Quint & Thimmig LLP 11/21/19 12/17/19 01/01/20 CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE This CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE (the "Disclosure Certificate") is executed and delivered by the CITY OF TUSTIN (the "City") in connection with the issuance by the City of its $ City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the 'Bonds"). The Bonds are being issued pursuant to an indenture of trust, dated as of February 1, 2020 (the "Indenture"), by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. The City covenants and agrees as follows: - Section 1. Definitions. In addition to the definitions set forth above and, in the Indenture, which apply to any capitalized term used in this Disclosure Certificate unless otherwise defined in this Section 1, the following capitalized terms shall have the following meanings: "Annual Report" means any Annual Report provided by the City pursuant to, and as described in, Sections 3 and 4 of this Disclosure Certificate. "Annual Report Date" means the March 31 after the end of the City's fiscal year. "Dissemination Agent" shall mean, initially, Applied Best Practices, LLC, or any successor Dissemination Agent designed in writing by the City and which has been filed with the then current Dissemination Agent a written acceptance of such designation. "Fiscal Year" means any twelve-month period beginning on July 1 in any year and extending to the next succeeding June 30, both dates inclusive, or any other twelve-month period selected and designated by the City as its official fiscal year period under a Certificate of the City filed with the Trustee. "MSRB" means the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, which has been designated by the Securities and Exchange Commission as the sole repository of disclosure information for purposes of the Rule, or any other repository of disclosure information that may be designated by the Securities and Exchagge Commission as such for purposes of the Rule in the future. "Official Statement" means the final official statement executed by the City in connection with the issuance of the Bonds. "Participating Underwriter" means Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, the original underwriter of the Bonds. "Rule" means Rule 15c2 -12(b)(5) adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as it may be amended from time to time. "Significant Events" means any of the events listed in Section 5(a) of this Disclosure Certificate. Section 2. Purpose of the Disclosure Certificate. This Disclosure Certificate is being executed and delivered by the City for the benefit of the holders and beneficial owners of the 20015.09 Bonds and in order to assist the Participating Underwriter in complying with S.E.C. Rule 15c2 - 12(b)(5). Section 3. Provision of Annual Reports. (a) The City shall, or shall cause the Dissemination Agent to, not later- than the Annual Report Date, commencing March 31, 2020, with the report for fiscal year 2018-19 provide to the MSRB, in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB, an Annual Report that is consistent with the requirements of Section 4 of this Disclosure Certificate. Not later than 15 Business Days prior to the Annual Report Date, the City shall provide the Annual Report to the Dissemination Agent (if other than the City). If by 15 Business Days prior to the Annual Report Date the Dissemination Agent (if other than the City) has not received a copy of the Annual Report, the Dissemination Agent shall contact the City to determine if the City is in compliance with the previous sentence. The Annual Report may be submitted as a single document or as separate documents comprising a package and may include by reference other information as provided in Section 4 of this Disclosure Certificate; provided that the audited financial statements of the City may be submitted separately from the balance of the Annual Report, and later than the Annual Report Date, if not available by that date. If the City's fiscal year changes, it shall give notice of such change in the same manner as for a Significant Event under Section 5(b). The City shall provide a written certification with each Annual Report furnished to the Dissemination Agent to the effect that such Annual Report constitutes the Annual Report required to be furnished by the City hereunder. (b) If the City does not provide (or cause the Dissemination Agent to provide) an Annual Report by the Annual Report Date, the City in a timely manner shall provide (or cause the Dissemination Agent to provide) to the MSRB, in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB, a notice in substantially the form attached as Exhibit A. (c) With respect to each Annual Report, the Dissemination Agent shall: (i) determine each year prior to the Annual Report Date the then—applicable rules and electronic format prescribed by the MSRB for the filing of annual continuing disclosure reports; and (ii) if the Dissemination Agent is other than the City, file a report with the City certifying that the Annual Report has been provided pursuant to this Disclosure Certificate, and stating the date it was provided. Section 4. Content of Annual Reports. The City's Annual Report shall contain or incorporate by reference the following: (a) The City's audited financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as promulgated to apply to governmental entities from time to time by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board. If the City's audited financial statements are not available by the Annual Report Date, the Annual Report shall contain unaudited financial statements in a format similar to the financial statements contained in the final Official Statement, and the audited financial statements shall be filed in the same manner as the Annual Report when they become available. -2- (b) Unless otherwise provided in the audited financial statements filed on or prior to the annual filing deadline for Annual Reports provided for in Section 3 above, financial information and operating data with respect to the City for preceding fiscal year, substantially similar to that provided in the Official Statement, as follows: (i) Principal amount of the Bonds outstanding. (ii) A statement that the City has complied with its rate covenants with respect to the Bonds, the 2012 Bonds and the 2016 Bonds as disclosed under the caption "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS—Rate Covenant" in the Official Statement. (iii) An update of the following tables under the caption "THE ENTERPRISE" in the Official Statement: (A) "HISTORICAL WATER SUPPLY;" (B) "WATER CONSUMPTION BY CUSTOMER TYPE;" (C) "RATES FOR WATER SERVICE;" (D) "HISTORICAL WATER CONNECTIONS BY CUSTOMER TYPE;" (E) "TWENTY-FIVE LARGEST USERS OF WATER," and (F) "HISTORICAL REVENUES, EXPENDITURES AND DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE." (c) In addition to any of the information expressly required to be provided under this Disclosure Certificate, the City shall provide such further material information, if any, as may be necessary to make the specifically required statements, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. (d) Any or all of the items listed above may be included by specific reference to other documents, including official statements of debt issues of the City or related public entities, which are available to the public on the MSRB's Internet web site or filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The City shall clearly identify each such other document so included by reference. Section 5. Reporting of Significant Events. (a) The City shall give, or cause to be given, notice of the occurrence of any of the following Significant Events with respect to the Bonds: (i) Principal and interest payment delinquencies; (ii) Non-payment related defaults, if material; (iii) Unscheduled draws on debt service reserves reflecting financial difficulties; (iv) Unscheduled draws on credit enhancements reflecting financial difficulties; (v) Substitution of credit or liquidity providers, or their failure to perform; (vi) Adverse tax opinions, the issuance by the Internal Revenue Service of proposed or final determinations of taxability, Notices of Proposed Issue (IRS Form 5701-TEB) or other material notices or determinations with respect to the tax status of the security, or other material events affecting the tax status of the security; -3- (vii) Modifications to rights of security holders, if material; (viii) Bond calls, if material, and tender offers; (ix) Defeasances; (x) Release, substitution, or sale of property securing repayment of the securities, if material; (xi) Rating changes; (xii) Bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar event of the City or other obligated person, (xiii) The consummation of a merger, consolidation, or acquisition involving the City or an obligated person, or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the City or an obligated person (other than in the ordinary course of business), the entry into a definitive agreement to undertake such an action, or the termination of a definitive agreement relating to any such actions, other than pursuant to its terms, if material; (xiv) Appointment of a successor or additional trustee or the change of name of a trustee, if material; (xv) The incurrence of a financial obligation of the City, if material, or agreement to covenants, events of default, remedies, priority rights, or other similar terms of a financial obligation of the City, any of which affect security holders, if material; or (xvi) A default, event of acceleration, termination event, modification of terms, or other similar events under the terms of a financial obligation of the City, any of which reflect financial difficulties. (b) Whenever the City obtains knowledge of the occurrence of a Significant Event, the City shall, or shall cause the Dissemination Agent (if not the City) to, file a notice of such occurrence with the MSRB, in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB, in a timely manner not in excess of 10 business days after the occurrence of the Significant Event. Notwithstanding the foregoing, notice of Significant Events described in subsection (a)(viii) above need not be given under this subsection any earlier than the notice (if any) of the underlying event is given to holders of affected Bonds under the Indenture. (c) The City acknowledges that the events described in subparagraphs (a)(ii), (a)(vii), (a)(viii) (if the event is a bond call), (a)(x), (a)(xiii), (a)(xiv) and (a) (xv) of this Section 5 contain the qualifier "if material." The City shall cause a notice to be filed as set forth in paragraph (b) above with respect to any such event- only to the extent that the City determines the event's occurrence is material for purposes of U.S. federal securities law. The City intends that the words used in paragraphs (xv) and (xvi) and the definition of "financial obligation" to have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Rule. (d) For purposes of this Disclosure Certificate, any event described in paragraph (a)(xii) above is considered to occur when any of the following occur:, the appointment of a receiver, fiscal agent, or similar officer for the City in a proceeding under the United States Bankruptcy Code or in any other proceeding under state or federal law in which a court or governmental has assumed jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the City, or if such jurisdiction has been assumed by leaving the existing governing body and officials or officers in -4- possession but subject to the supervision and orders of a court or governmental, or the entry of an order confirming a plan of reorganization, arrangement, or liquidation by a court or governmental having supervision or jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the City. Section 6. Identifying Information for Filings with the MSRB. All documents provided to the MSRB under this Disclosure Certificate shall be accompanied by identifying information as prescribed by the MSRB. Section 7. Termination of Reporting Obligation. The City's obligations under this Disclosure Certificate shall terminate upon the legal defeasance, prior redemption or payment in full of all of the Bonds. If such termination occurs prior to the final maturity of the Bonds, the City shall give notice of such termination in the same manner as for a Significant Event under Section 5(b). Section 8. Dissemination Agent. The City may, from time to time, appoint or engage a Dissemination Agent to assist it in carrying out its obligations under this Disclosure Certificate, and may discharge any Dissemination Agent, with or without appointing a successor Dissemination Agent. Any Dissemination Agent may resign by providing 30 days' written notice to the City. Section 9. Amendment; Waiver. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Disclosure Certificate, the City may amend this Disclosure Certificate, and any provision of this Disclosure Certificate may be waived, provided that the following conditions are satisfied: (a) if the amendment or waiver relates to the provisions of Sections 3(a), 4 or 5(a), it may only be made in connection with a change in circumstances that arises from a change in legal requirements, change in law, or change in the identity, nature, or status of an obligated person with respect to the Bonds, or type of business conducted; (b) the undertakings herein, as proposed to be amended or waived, would, in the opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel, have complied with the requirements of the Rule at the time of the primary offering of the Bonds, after taking into account any amendments or interpretations of the Rule, as well as any change in circumstances; and (c) the proposed amendment or waiver either (i) is approved by holders of the Bonds in the manner provided in the Indenture for amendments to the Indenture with the consent of holders, or (ii) does not, in the opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel, materially impair the interests of the holders or beneficial owners of the Bonds. If the annual financial information or operating data to be provided in the Annual Report is amended pursuant to the provisions hereof, the first annual financial information filed pursuant hereto containing the amended operating data or financial information shall explain, in narrative form, the reasons for the amendment and the impact of the change in the type of operating data or financial information being provided. If an amendment is made to the undertaking specifying the accounting principles to be followed in preparing financial statements, the annual financial information for the year in which the change is made shall present a comparison between the financial statements or information prepared on the basis of the new accounting principles and those prepared on the basis of the former accounting principles. The comparison shall include a qualitative discussion of the differences in the accounting principles and the impact of the change in the accounting principles on the presentation of the financial information, in order to provide information to -5- investors to enable them to evaluate the ability of the City to meet its obligations. To the extent reasonably feasible, the comparison shall be quantitative. The Dissemination Agent shall not be obligated to enter into any amendment increasing or affecting its duties or obligations hereunder. A notice of any amendment made pursuant to this Section 9 shall be filed in the same manner as for a Significant Event under Section 5(b). Section 10. Additional Information. Nothing in this Disclosure Certificate shall be deemed to prevent the City from disseminating any other information, using the means of dissemination set forth in this Disclosure Certificate or any other means of communication, or including any other information in any Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Significant Event, in addition to that which is required by this Disclosure Certificate. If the City chooses to include any information in any Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Significant Event in addition to that which is specifically required by this Disclosure Certificate, the City shall have no obligation under this Disclosure Certificate to update such information or include it in any future Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Significant Event. Section 11. Default. If the City fails to comply with any provision of this Disclosure Certificate, the Participating Underwriter or any holder or beneficial owner of the Bonds may take such actions as may be necessary and appropriate, including seeking mandate or specific performance by court order, to cause the City to comply with its obligations under this Disclosure Certificate. A default under this Disclosure Certificate shall not be deemed an Event of Default under the Indenture, and the sole remedy under this Disclosure Certificate in the event of any failure of the City to comply with this Disclosure Certificate shall be an action to compel performance. Section 12. Duties, Immunities and Liabilities of Dissemination Agent. (a) Section 9.01 of the Indenture is hereby made applicable to this Disclosure Certificate as if this Disclosure Certificate were (solely for this purpose) contained in the Indenture. The Dissemination Agent shall be entitled to the protections and limitations from liability afforded to the Trustee thereunder. The Dissemination Agent shall have only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Disclosure Certificate, and the City agrees to indemnify and save the Dissemination Agent, its officers, directors, employees and agents, harmless against any loss, expense and liabilities which they may incur arising out of or in the exercise or performance of its powers and duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees) of defending against any claim of liability, but excluding liabilities .due to the Dissemination Agent's negligence or willful misconduct. The Dissemination Agent shall have no duty or obligation to review any information provided to it by the City hereunder and shall not be deemed to be acting in any fiduciary capacity for the City, the Bond holders or any other party. The obligations of the City under this Section shall survive resignation or removal of the Dissemination Agent and payment of the Bonds. (b) The Dissemination Agent shall be paid compensation by the City for its services provided hereunder in accordance with its schedule of fees as amended from time to time, and shall be reimbursed for all expenses, legal fees and advances made or incurred by the Dissemination Agent in the performance of its duties hereunder. Section 13. Beneficiaries. This Disclosure Certificate shall inure solely to the benefit of the City, the Dissemination Agent, the Participating Underwriter and the holders and beneficial owners from time to time of the Bonds and shall create no rights in any other person or entity. M Section 14. Counterparts. This Disclosure Certificate may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be regarded as an original, and all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Date: February 27, 2020 ACKNOWLEDGED: APPLIED BEST PRACTICES, LLC, as Dissemination Agent By Authorized Officer -7- CITY OF TUSTIN By .Matthew S. West City Manager EXHIBIT A NOTICE TO EMMA OF FAILURE TO FILE ANNUAL REPORT Name of Issuer: City of Tustin Name of Issue: City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 Date of Issuance: February 27, 2020 NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Issuer has not provided an Annual Report with respect to the above-named Issue as required by the Continuing Disclosure Certificate, dated February 27, 2020, furnished by the Issuer in connection with the Issue. The Issuer anticipates that the Annual Report will be filed by Dated: cc: Trustee APPLIED BEST PRACTICES, LLC, as Dissemination Agent By _ Title Exhibit A PRELIMINARY OFFICIAL STATEMENT DATED FEBRUARY 6, 2020 NEW ISSUE—FULL BOOK -ENTRY RATING: v S&P: « n u u s = (See "RATING" herein) u 7 E Y In the opinion of Quint & Thinunig LLP, Larkspur, California, Bond Counsel, interest on the Bonds is exempt from personal income taxation imposed by the State of California. Interest on the v Bonds is includible in gross income of the owners thereof for federal income tax purposes. See "TA%MATTERS" herein. u O o U $ # v CITY OF TUSTIN bT a� (Orange County, California) p Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 � U 7 _ Dated: As of Date of Delivery Due: April 1, as shown below o v The $ * City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "Bonds") are being issued by the City of Tustin, California (the c "City"), in fully registered form without coupons and, when issued, will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York ("DTC"). W T Payments of the principal of and interest on the Bonds will be made by The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee for the Bonds (the "Trustee"), to DTC, which is obligated ° in turn to remit such principal and interest to DTC participants for subsequent disbursement to the beneficial owners of the Bonds. The Bonds are being issued pursuant to an Indenture of Trust, o dated as of February 1, 2020 (the "Indenture"), by and between the City and the Trustee. Interest on the Bonds will be payable semi-annually on each April 1 and October 1, commencing on October 1, 2020. o .« oo The Bonds are being issued to provide funds to (i) prepay the City's remaining installment payment obligations under an Installment Sale Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2013, between the City o and the Tustin Public Financing Authority, and thereafter refund the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority (Orange County, California) 2013 Water Revenue Bonds, the proceeds of p ° 'y which were issued to fmance the improvement, betterment, renovation and expansion of certain facilities within the City's municipal water enterprise (the "Water System"), and (ii) pay the costs c° of issuing the Bonds. C E 'o v The Bonds are payable from the net revenues (the "Net Revenues") of the Water System, derived primarily from charges and revenues received by the City from the operation of the Water c System, less the costs of the operation and maintenance of the Water System. The Net Revenues are pledged, as a first and prior lien thereon, to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds and a o 3 any parity obligations issued or incurred by the City, as described herein (the "Parity Debt"). The City has covenanted to set rates and charges for the service and facilities of the Water System N m sufficient to provide Net Revenues each year equal to at least 1.20 times the aggregate annual amount of principal of and interest due on the Bonds and all Parity Debt. The City's obligation to pay y the principal of and interest on the Bonds is on a parity with its debt service obligation with respect to the City's outstanding installment payment obligations under an Installment Sale Agreement, dated as of April 1, 20123 by and between the Authority and the City, which payments secure the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority (Orange County, California) 2012 Refunding s Water Revenue Bonds and the outstanding City of Tustin (Orange County, California) 2016 Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, together with any additional Parity Debt incurred by the City in the E" o future. U AL °E 2 The Bonds are subject to redemption prior to maturity as described herein. See "THE BONDS—Redemption." � = c E c ° NEITHER THE BONDS NOR THE OBLIGATION TO PAY PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST THEREON CONSTITUTES A DEBT OR A LIABILITY OF THE CITY, THE STATE OF a o o CALIFORNIA OR ANY OF ITS POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS WITHIN THE MEANING OF ANY CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATION ON INDEBTEDNESS, OR A PLEDGE OF THE ° m FULL FAITH AND CREDIT OF THE CITY. THE BONDS ARE SECURED SOLELY BY THE PLEDGE OF NET REVENUES AND CERTAIN FUNDS HELD' UNDER THE C U W u E INDENTURE. THE BONDS ARE NOT SECURED BY A PLEDGE OF THE TAXING POWER OF THE CITY. � m ELn p to ° r MATURITIES, PRINCIPAL AMOUNTS, INTEREST RATES, YIELDS AND PRICES T, 0 R . $ Serial Bonds VI c ti ° E o CUSIPt Prefix: A�4 P:'r Maturity Principal Interest CUSIPt s r w April 1 Amount Rate Yield Price Suffix •a°, m3 °—aP � 7 O V ? G A � O y 7 E�3 u O 0 N C O u C p « 1 O ° ° F $ % Term Bonds due April 1, , Price: %, to Yield %; CUSIPt c� u � y THIS COVER PAGE CONTAINS CERTAIN INFORMATION FOR QUICK REFERENCE ONLY. IT IS NQT A SUMMARY OF THIS ISSUE OF BONDS. INVESTORS MUST READ c THE ENTIRE OFFICIAL STATEMENT TO OBTAIN INFORMATION ESSENTIAL TO THE MAKING OF AN INFORMED INVESTMENT DECISION WITH RESPECT TO THE r L L PURCHASE OF THE BONDS. � C y .b w E! The Bonds are offered when, as and if issued and received by the Underwriter and subject to the approval as to their legality by Quint & Thimmig LLP, Larkspur, California, as Bond Counsel. Certain legal C > matters will also be passed upon for the Ciy by Quint & Thimmig LLP, Larkspur, California, as Disclosure Counsel, and by Woodruff, Spradlin & Smart, PC., Costa Mesa, California, City Attorn y. c d c Certain matters will be parsed upon for the Underwriter by Jones Hall, AProfessional Law Corporation, San Francisco, California It is anticipated that the Bonds will be delivered in definitive form through the .o facilities ofDTC on or about February 27, 2020. ° E U Nvb STIFEL F cn Dated: February _, 2020 *Preliminary, subject to change. tCopyright 2020, American Bankers Association. CUSIP® is a registered trademark of the American Bankers Association. CUSIP data herein is provided by CUSIP Global Services, operated by S&P Capital IQ. This data is not intended to create a database and does not serve in any way as a substitute for CUSIP Global Services. CUSIP numbers have been assigned by an independent company not affiliated with the City and are included solely for the convenience of the registered owners of the Bonds. Neither the City nor the Underwriter is responsible for the selection or uses of these CUSIP numbers and an representation is made as to their correctness on the Bonds or as included herein. The CUSIP number for a specific maturity is subject to being changed after the delivery of the Bonds as a result of various subsequent actions including, but not limited to, a refunding in whole or in part or as a result of the procurement of secondary market portfolio insurance or other similar enhancement by investors that is applicable to all or a portion of certain maturities of the Bonds. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THIS OFFICIAL STATEMENT For purposes of compliance with Rule 15c2-12 of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, as amended ("Rule 15c2-12 this Preliminary Official Statement constitutes an "official statement" of the City with respect to the Bonds that has been deemed "final" by the City as of its date except for the omission of no more than the information permitted by Rule 15c2-12. Use of Official Statement. This Official Statement is submitted in connection with the sale of the Bonds referred to herein and may not be reproduced or used, in whole or in part, for any other purpose. This Official Statement is not to be construed as a contract with the purchasers of the Bonds. Estimates andForecasts. When used in this Official Statement and in any continuing disclosure by the City, in any press release and in any oral statement made with the approval of an authorized officer of the City, the words or phrases "will likely result," "are expected to," "will continue," "is anticipated," "estimate," "project," "forecast," "expect," "intend" and similar expressions identify "forward looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in such forward-looking statements. Any forecast is subject to such uncertainties. Inevitably, some assumptions used to develop the forecasts will not be realized and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur. Therefore, there are likely to be differences between forecasts and actual results, and those differences may be material. The information and expressions of opinion herein are subject to change without notice, and neither the delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, give rise to any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the City since the date hereof. Limit of Q,e`ering. No dealer, broker, salesperson or other person has been authorized by the City or the Underwriter to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained herein and, if given or made, such other information or representation must not be relied upon as having been authorized by any of the foregoing. This Official Statement does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy nor shall there be any sale of the Bonds by a person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offer, solicitation or sale. Limited Scope oflnformation. The City has obtained certain information set forth herein from sources which are believed to be reliable, but such information is neither guaranteed as to accuracy or completeness, nor to be construed as a representation of such by the City. The information and expressions of opinions herein are subject to change without notice and neither delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the City since the date hereof. All summaries of or references to the documents referred to in this Official Statement are made subject to the provisions of such documents and do not purport to be complete statements of any or all of such provisions. All capitalized terms used herein, unless noted otherwise, shall have the meanings prescribed in the Indenture. Underwriter. The Underwriter has provided the following sentence for inclusion in this Official Statement. The Underwriter has reviewed the information in this Official Statement in accordance with, and as part of, its responsibility to investors under the federal securities laws as applied to the facts and circumstances of this transaction, but the Underwriter does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING, THE UNDERWRITER MAY OVER -ALLOT OR EFFECT TRANSACTIONS THAT STABILIZE OR MAINTAIN THE MARKET PRICE OF THE BONDS AT SUCH LEVEL ABOVE THAT WHICH MIGHT OTHERWISE PREVAIL IN THE OPEN MARKET. SUCH STABILIZING, IF COMMENCED, MAY BE DISCONTINUED AT ANYTIME. THE BONDS HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, IN RELIANCE UPON AN 'EXCEPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS CONTAINED IN SUCH ACT. THE BONDS HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED OR QUALIFIED UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE. Website, The City maintains a website. Unless specifically indicated otherwise, the information presented on such website is not incorporated by reference as part of this Official Statement and should not be relied upon in making investment decisions with respect to the Bonds. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION........................................................................1 General.......................................................................................1 TheCity .....................................:...............................................1 TheEnterprise...........................................................................1 Purposeof the Bonds.................................................................2 Authority for Issuance................................................................2 Pledge of Net Revenues.............................................................2 RateCovenant............................................................................2 Additional Obligations...............................................................2 Payment..................................................................................... 3 Redemption................................................................................ 3 Formof Bonds........................................................................... 3 Book -Entry System....................................................................3 Risks of Investment.................................................................... 3 Continuing Disclosure............................................................... 3 Forward -Looking Statements.....................................................4 OtherMatters............................................................................ 4 OtherInformation......................................................................5 ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS.....................5 THE REFUNDING PLAN...........................................................5 DEBT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS............................................7 THEBONDS................................................................................. 8 Authority for Issuance................................................................ 8 General Provisions..................................................................... 8 Redemption................................................................................ 9 Book -Entry Only System..........................................................10 SECURITY FOR THE BONDS..................................................11 Pledge of Net Revenues...........................................................11 No Bond Reserve Fund............................................................12 Receipt, Deposit and Application of Gross Revenues andNet Revenues....................................................................12 Application of Interest Account...............................................13 Application of Principal Account.............................................13 Application of Sinking Account...............................................13 RateCovenant..........................................................................13 Limitations on Future Obligations Secured by Net Revenues..................................................................................14 THECITY...................................................................................16 THE ENTERPRISE.....................................................................17 History and Overview of the Enterprise...................................17 Management............................................................................17 Employee Relations..................................................................17 ServiceArea.............................................................................18 WaterSupply...........................................................................19 WaterUse................................................................................24 Enterprise Facilities.................................................................24 Historical and Planned Capital Improvements .........................25 WaterRates............................................................................. 26 WaterUsers............................................................................. 30 FinancialStatements............................................................... 31 Historical and Projected Operating Results and Debt ServiceCoverage..................................................................... 34 Water Conservation and Supply Shortage ContingencyMeasures............................................................ 36 EmployeePension Plans.......................................................... 37 Other Post -Employment Benefits ............................................ 40 INVESTMENT OF CITY FUNDS ............................................ 41 CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS ON APPROPRIATIONS ANDFEES.................................................................................. 42 Article XIIIA............................................................................ 42 Article XIIIB............................................................................ 42 Proposition218........................................................................ 43 Effect of Proposition 218 on the City; Possible Limitations on Enforcement Remedies ................................... 45 Proposition26......................................................................... 45 Future Initiatives...................................................................... 46 RISK FACTORS RELATING TO THE BONDS ...................... 46 General.................................................................................... 46 Limited Obligations................................................................. 47 Seismic Considerations........................................................... 47 Environmental Regulation....................................................... 47 Maintenance and Operation Costs .......................................... 47 Demand and Usage; Drought .................................................. 48 Limited Recourse on Default ................................................... 48 Limitations on Remedies......................................................... 48 Initiatives................................................................................. 48 Bankruptcy.............................................................................. 48 RateProcess............................................................................ 49 Insurance................................................................................. 49 ParityObligations.................................................................... 49 Public Safety Power Shutoffs ................................................... 49 Risks Related to Cyber Security ............................................... 49 SecondaryMarket................................................................... 50 TAXMATTERS......................................................................... 50 CERTAIN LEGAL MATTERS .................................................. 50 LITIGATION.......................................................................I...... 5o RATING............................................ ............... I.......................... 51 MUNICIPAL ADVISOR............................................................. 51 CONTINUING DISCLOSURE .................................................. 51 AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ................................ 52 VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL .COMPUTATIONS 52 UNDERWRITING..................................................................... 52 MISCELLANEOUS.................................................................... 52 APPENDIX A: SUMMARY OF THE INDENTURE APPENDIX B: COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CITY FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 APPENDIX C: FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE APPENDIX D: CITY INVESTMENT POLICY APPENDIX E: GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE CITY OF TUSTIN AND ORANGE COUNTY APPENDIX F: FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL APPENDIX G: BOOK -ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM CITY OF TUSTIN LOCATION MAP TUSTIN a CALIFORNIA 4� 114, Pasadena �MdUFU u dr. 0 Arcedia❑ Azusa,, a lendora ,:� Rancho West gant)imas oLaVeme Cucamonga Hollywood Alhambrao o an Gabriel n ❑ _ Los Angelesq (.:,El Monte Claremont Riau ._Ontario ., ' ❑Monterey Park Valirda 57 C, Curvor City, G Pomona East Los Angeles Hacienda Rowland o eight . el Glop Ave-) Hs Santa n o �I ghts Chino JR Inglewood . Maywood o Bell Gardens A l2 1 F O � I Ar Riversick Inglewood,..., Cudahy ,,Downey 71. Willow Brook o ,La Habra-,, _ Manhattan o ❑ CLY"' ��� � Beach. ❑ y Norwalk Brea ,a Norco Wood ci Compton a P a Paramount Fullerton 91 o Home Ga Hermosa Beach ❑ �uena op n OfOfti q�o� arson Lakewood Park Anaheim Wnt Carson Torrance o Stanton I �.` R I V Lomita Garden Grove Long Beach „. a z+a Q Tusgn - Rancho Palos seal seacho Santa Ansi 261 Sart apo Peat. Verdes N9e�s' t:�,+T "'' _1ry � _ Huntingtonbor - 139 Beach Costa M 1t Cleveland o) National, n a Faros{} Beach Aliso Hills - un Iguelr` I. Laguna Beacf ° CITY OF TUSTIN 300 Centennial Way Tustin, CA 92780 (714) 573-3000 http://www.tustinca.org CITY COUNCIL MEMBERS Dr. Allan Bernstein, Mayor Letitia Clark, Mayor Pro Tem Barry W. Cooper, Councilmember Austin Lumbard, Councilmember Charles E. Pucket, Councilmember CITY OFFICIALS Matthew S. West, City Manager John A. Buchanan, Director ofEconomic Development and Director ofFinance Douglas Stack, Public Works Director/City Engineer Michael Grisso, Water Service Manager Stacey Cuevas, Public Works Manager Eric Johnson, P.E., Principal Engineer, Public Works, Engineering Erica N. Yasuda, City Clerk David E. Kendig, Esq., City Attorney SPECIAL SERVICES Municipal Advisor Fieldman Rolapp & Associates Irvine, California Bond and Disclosure Counsel Quint & Thimmig LLP Larkspur, California Trustee and Escrow Bank The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. Los Angeles, California Verification Agent Causey Demgen & Moore, P.C. Denver, Colorado OFFICIAL STATEMENT CITY OF TUSTIN (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 INTRODUCTION General This Official Statement, which includes the cover page and appendices hereto, provides information in connection with the sale of the Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "Bonds"), being issued by the City of Tustin, California (the "City"), in the aggregate principal amount of $ This Introduction is not a summary of this Official Statement. It is only a brief description of and guide to, and is qualified by, more complete and detailed information contained in the entire Official Statement, including the cover page and appendices hereto, and the documents summarized or described herein. A full review should be made of the entire Official Statement. The offering of the Bonds to potential investors is made only by means of the entire Official Statement. Capitalized terms used, but not otherwise defined herein, shall have the meanings assigned thereto as set forth in APPENDIX A—SUMMARY OF THE INDENTURE—Certain Definitions. The City The City is located in the central part of Orange County (the "County"), approximately 41 miles south of the City of Los Angeles and approximately 90 miles north of the City of San Diego, at the intersection of the 5 and 55 freeways. The City covers over eleven square miles and adjoins the cities of Orange, Santa Ana, and Irvine. While the City is surrounded by much of the County's main industrial employment, the City is essentially a residential community. Incorporated in 1927, the City operates as a general law city with a Council -Manager form of government. The elected City Council is responsible for policy making, and a professional City Manager is appointed by the Council. The City Council is a five - member governmental body that includes the Mayor, Mayor Pro Tem, and three Council Members. See "THE CITY" and APPENDIX E—GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE CITY OF TUSTIN AND ORANGE COUNTY. The Enterprise The City's municipal water enterprise (the "Enterprise") includes water treatment, storage and distribution facilities. See "THE ENTERPRISE" herein. * Preliminary, subject to change. Purpose of the Bonds The Bonds are being issued to provide funds to (i) prepay the City's remaining installment payment obligations (the "2013 Installment Payments" under an Installment Sale Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2013 (the "2013 Installment Sale Agreement"), between the City and the Tustin Public Financing Authority on May 15, 2022, and thereafter refund, on an advance basis, the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority Water Revenue Bonds, 2013 Series A (the "2013 Bonds"), which were delivered for the purpose of financing the improvement, betterment, renovation and expansion of certain facilities of the Enterprise, and (ii) pay the costs of issuing the Bonds. See "THE REFUNDING PLAN" herein. Authority for Issuance The Bonds are authorized pursuant to the provisions of section 53570 et seq. of the California Government Code, a resolution adopted by the City Council of the City on February 4, 2020 (the "Resolution"), and an Indenture of Trust (the "Indenture"), dated as of February 1, 2020, by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the "Trustee"). Pledge of Net Revenues The Bonds are, payable from the net revenues (the "Net Revenues") of the Enterprise, derived primarily from charges and revenues received by the City from the operation of the Enterprise, less the costs of the operation and maintenance of the Enterprise. The Net Revenues are pledged, as a first and prior lien thereon, to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds on a parity, as to payment and security, with the City's outstanding installment payment obligations under an Installment Sale Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2012 (the "2012 Installment Sale Agreement"), by and between the Authority and the City, which payments secure the outstanding Tustin Public Financing Authority (Orange County, California) 2012 Refunding Water Revenue Bonds, and the outstanding City of Tustin (Orange County, California) 2016 Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, together with any additional Parity Debt incurred by the City in the future (the "Parity Obligations"). See "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS—Pledge of Net Revenues." Rate Covenant The City has covenanted to set rates and charges for the service and facilities of the Enterprise sufficient to provide Net Revenues in each year equal to at least 1.20 times the aggregate annual amount of principal of and interest due on the Bonds and all Parity Obligations. See "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS—Rate Covenant." Additional Obligations Additional obligations and bonds issued or incurred on a parity with or subordinate to the Bonds may be issued pursuant to the Indenture provided that certain conditions are met. See "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS—Limitations on Future Obligations Secured by Net Revenues." -2- Payment Principal of the Bonds will be payable in each of the years and in the amounts set forth on the cover page hereof at the office of the Trustee. Interest on the Bonds will be paid by check or draft of the Trustee mailed by first class mail to the person entitled thereto. See "THE BONDS—General." Initially, principal of and interest on the Bonds will be payable when due by wire of the Trustee to The Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), which will in turn remit such interest and principal to DTC Participants (as defined herein), which will in turn remit such interest and principal to Beneficial Owners (as defined herein) of the Bonds. See "THE BONDS—Book-Entry Only System." Redemption The Bonds are subject to redemption prior to their stated maturity dates, as provided herein. See "THE BONDS—Redemption." Form of Bonds The Bonds will be dated as of their date of delivery and will be issued in fully registered form, without coupons, in the minimum denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof. Any Bond may, in accordance with its terms, be transferred or exchanged, pursuant to the provisions of the Indenture. See "THE BONDS—General." Book -Entry System The Bonds will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. DTC will act as securities depository for the Bonds. Ownership interests in the Bonds may be purchased in denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, in book -entry form only. Upon receipt of payments of principal of and interest on the Bonds, DTC will in turn remit such principal and interest to the participants in DTC for subsequent disbursement to the beneficial owners of the Bonds. See "THE BONDS—Book- Entry Only System" below and APPENDIX G—BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM. Risks of Investment The Bonds are repayable only from certain money available to the City from the Enterprise. For a discussion of some of the risks associated with the purchase of the Bonds, see "RISKS RELATING TO THE BONDS" herein. NEITHER THE BONDS NOR THE OBLIGATION TO PAY PRINCIPAL OF OR INTEREST THEREON CONSTITUTES A DEBT OF THE CITY, THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA OR ANY OF ITS POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS WITHIN THE MEANING OF ANY CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATION ON INDEBTEDNESS, OR A PLEDGE OF THE FULL FAITH AND CREDIT OF THE CITY. THE BONDS ARE SECURED SOLELY BY THE PLEDGE OF NET REVENUES AND CERTAIN FUNDS HELD UNDER THE INDENTURE. Continuing Disclosure The City has covenanted, for the benefit of the owners and beneficial owners of the Bonds, to provide certain financial information and operating data relating to the Enterprise by not later than nine -3- months following the end of each Fiscal Year (currently June 30), and to provide notices of the occurrence of certain enumerated events. See "CONTINUING DISCLOSURE" herein and APPENDIX C— FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE. Forward -Looking Statements This Official Statement, and particularly the information contained under the headings entitled "THE REFUNDING PLAN," "ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS," "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS," "THE ENTERPRISE" AND APPENDIX E—GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE CITY OF TUSTIN AND ORANGE COUNTY, contains statements relating to future results that are "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 2000. When used in this Official Statement, the words "estimate," "forecast," "intend," "expect" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in such forward-looking statements. Any forecast is subject to such uncertainties. Inevitably, some assumptions used to develop the forecasts will not be realized and unanticipated events and circumstances may occur. Therefore, there are likely to be differences between forecasts and actual results, and those differences may be material. The City is not obligated to issue any updates or revisions to the forward-looking statements if or when its expectations, or events, conditions or circumstances on which such statements are based occur. See "RISK FACTORS RELATING TO THE BONDS." Other Matters There follows in this Official Statement brief descriptions of the Bonds, the security for the Bonds, the Indenture, the City, the Enterprise, and certain other information relevant to the issuance of the Bonds. The descriptions and summaries of documents herein do not purport to be comprehensive or definitive, and reference is made to each such document for the complete details of all its respective terms and conditions. All statements herein with respect to such documents are qualified in their entirety by reference to each such document for the complete details of all of their respective terms and conditions. All statements herein with respect to certain rights and remedies are qualified by reference to laws and principles of equity relating to or affecting creditors' rights generally. Copies of the Indenture are available for inspection during business hours at the corporate trust office of the Trustee. The information and expressions of opinion herein speak only as of the date of this Official Statement and are subject to change without notice. Neither delivery of this Official Statement nor any sale made hereunder nor any future use of this Official Statement shall, under any circumstances, create any implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the City since the date hereof. All financial and other information presented in, this Official Statement has been provided by the City from its records, except for information expressly attributed to other sources. The presentation of information, including the table of receipts from taxes and other revenues, is intended to show recent historic information and is not intended to indicate future or continuing trends in the financial or other affairs of the City. No representation is made that past experience, as it might be shown by such financial and other information, will necessarily continue or be repeated in the future. -4- Other Information This Official Statement speaks only as of its date and the information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Copies of the Indenture are available from the City upon written request to the City, 300 Centennial Way, Tustin, CA 92780, Attention: City Manager. The City may impose a charge for copying, mailing and handling expenses related to any request for documents. ESTIMATED SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS The estimated sources and uses of funds are as follows: Sources: Principal Amount of Bonds Cash on Hand(') Plus/Less: Original Issue Premium/Discount TOTAL SOURCES >,=: Deposit to Escrow Fund(') Costs of Issuance (3) TOTAL USES (1) Represents budgeted debt service payment due on the 2013 Bonds on April 1, 2020. (2) Amount required to prepay the 2013 Installment Payments on March 15, 2022, and thereafter redeem the 2013 Bonds on April 1, 2022. See "THE REFUNDING PLAN." (3) Costs of Issuance include the Underwriter's discount, legal fees, printing costs, rating agency fees and other miscellaneous expenses. THE REFUNDING PLAN Proceeds of the Bonds will be used to (a) prepay the 2013 Installment Payments on May 15, 2022, and thereafter refund the 2013 Bonds, and (b) pay costs incurred in connection with the issuance and sale of the Bonds. A portion of the proceeds of the Bonds and certain moneys held by the Trustee for the 2013 Bonds will be used to purchase United States Treasury Securities (the "Treasuries"), to be held in a separate fund for the 2013 Installment Payments and the 2013 Bonds (the "Escrow Fund"), established under an escrow agreement (the "Escrow Agreement"), by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as escrow agent (the "Escrow Bank"). See "—Estimated Sources and Uses of Funds." The maturing Treasuries, the interest income thereon and the uninvested cash in the Escrow Fund will be applied to pay 2013 Installment Payments to and including March 15, 2022, which will be used to pay the interest on the 2013 Bonds to and including April 1, 2022, and to prepay all of the then remaining 2013 Installment Payments on March 15, 2022, which will then be used to redeem all 2013 Bonds in full on April 1, 2022, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the par amount thereof. The sufficiency of the moneys, investment earnings and maturing Treasuries for such purposes will be verified by Causey Demgen & Moore, P.C. (the "Verification Agent"). See "VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL COMPUTATIONS." Assuming the accuracy of the Verification Agent's computations, as a result of the deposit and application of funds as provided in the Escrow Agreement, the -5- obligations of the Authority and the City with respect to the 2013 Installment Payments and the 2013 Bonds will be defeased and discharged. The 2013 Bonds to be refunded are shown in the following table: Maturity Amount Interest Call Call CUSIP Date Refunded Rate Date Price Number 4/1/20 $ 50,000 4.000% - - 90105T BD2 4/1/21 55,000 5.000 - - 90105T BEO 4/1/22 55,000 5.000 - - 90105T BF7 4/1/23 55,000 5.000 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BC5 4/1/24 320,000 3.800 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BI -13 4/1/25 335,000 4.000 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BJ9 4/1/26 345,000 4.300 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BK6 4/1/27 360,000 4.500 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BL4 4/1/28 380,000 4.000 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BM2 4/1/29 400,000 4.000 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BNO 4/1/30 415,000 4.000 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BP5 4/1/31 425,000 4.125 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BQ3 4/1/32 445,000 4.125 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BR1 4/1/33 465,000 4.250 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BS9 4/1/38 2,000,000 5.000 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BT7 4/1/38 665,000 4.500 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BV2 4/1/43 6,000,000 5.000 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BU4 4/1/43 1,040,000 4.625 4/1/22 100.000 90105T BWO The maturing Treasuries, the interest income thereon and the uninvested cash in the Escrow Fund will be held in trust solely for the 2013 Installment Payments and the 2013 Bonds and will not be available to pay principal of or interest on the Bonds or any obligations other than the 2013 Installment Payments and the 2013 Bonds. 0 DEBT SERVICE REQUIREMENTS Annual debt service on the Bonds (assuming no redemptions of the Bonds) is presented below. Maturity (April 1) Principal 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 2036 2037 2038 2039 2040 2041 2042 2043 TOTALS -7- Interest Total Set forth below is the combined annual debt service on the 2012 Installment Sale Agreement, the 2016 Bonds and the Bonds. 2042 2043 TOTALS $3,987,700.00 $31,391,862.50 THE BONDS Authority for Issuance Bonds Total The Bonds are authorized pursuant to the provisions of section 53570 et seq. of the California Government Code, a resolution adopted by the City Council of the City on February 4, 2020, and the Indenture. General Provisions The Bonds will be dated as of their date of delivery and issued in fully registered form without coupons in denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, so long as no Bond shall have more than one maturity date. The Bonds will mature in the amounts and on the dates, and bear interest at the rates per annum, set forth on the cover page of this Official Statement. Repayment of the Bonds. Interest on the Bonds will be payable on April 1 and October 1 in each year, beginning October 1, 2020 (each an "Interest Payment Date"), to the person whose name appears 2012 Installment Maturity Sale 2016 (April 1) Agreement Bonds 2020 2021 995,600.00 687,300.00 2022 995,200.00 687,300.00 2023 998,400.00 687,300.00 2024 — 1,592,300.00 2025 — 1,594,200.00 2026 — 1,595,450.00 2027 — 1,590,450.00 2028 — 1,591,450.00 2029 — 1,586,075.00 2030 — 1,587,612.50 2031 — 4595,012.50 2032 — 1,595,412.50 2033 — 1,589,012.50 2034 — 4591012.50 2035 — 1,591,012.50 2036 — 1,590,262.50 2037 — 1,588,550.00 2038 — 1,592,450.00 2039 — 4595000.00 2040 — 4591,200.00 2041 — 1,586,200.00 2042 2043 TOTALS $3,987,700.00 $31,391,862.50 THE BONDS Authority for Issuance Bonds Total The Bonds are authorized pursuant to the provisions of section 53570 et seq. of the California Government Code, a resolution adopted by the City Council of the City on February 4, 2020, and the Indenture. General Provisions The Bonds will be dated as of their date of delivery and issued in fully registered form without coupons in denominations of $5,000 or any integral multiple thereof, so long as no Bond shall have more than one maturity date. The Bonds will mature in the amounts and on the dates, and bear interest at the rates per annum, set forth on the cover page of this Official Statement. Repayment of the Bonds. Interest on the Bonds will be payable on April 1 and October 1 in each year, beginning October 1, 2020 (each an "Interest Payment Date"), to the person whose name appears on the Bond Registration Books as the Owner thereof as of the Record Date immediately preceding each such Interest Payment Date, such interest to be paid by check or draft of the Trustee mailed by first class mail to the Owner or, at the option of any Owner of at least $1,000,000 aggregate principal amount of the Bonds with respect to which written instructions have been filed with the Trustee prior to the Record Date, by wire transfer, at the address of such Owner as it appears on the Bond Registration Books. In the event there exists a default in payment of interest due on such Interest Payment Date, such interest will be payable on a payment date established by the Trustee to the persons in whose names the Bonds are registered at the close of business on a special record date for the payment of such defaulted interest established by notice mailed by the Trustee to the registered Owners of the Bonds not less than 10 days preceding such special record date. Principal of any Bond will be paid upon presentation and surrender thereof at the Trust Office of the Trustee in Los Angeles, California. Both the principal of and interest on the Bonds will be payable in lawful money of the United States of America. The Bonds will bear interest based on a 360 -day year comprised of twelve 30 -day months from the Interest Payment Date next preceding the date of authentication thereof, unless said date of authentication is an Interest Payment Date, in which event such interest is payable from such date of authentication, and unless said date of authentication is prior to September 15, 2020, in which event such interest is payable from their date of delivery; provided, however, that if, as of the date of authentication of any Bond, interest thereon is in default, such Bond will bear interest from the date to which interest has previously been paid or made available for payment thereon in full. DTC as Registered Owner. The Bonds will initially be issued in book -entry only form, registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. Purchasers of the Bonds will not receive certificates representing their interests therein, which will be held at DTC. See "THE BONDS—Book-Entry Only System." Redemption Optional Redemption. The Bonds maturing on or before April 1, , are not subject to optional redemption prior to maturity. The Bonds maturing on or after April 1, , are subject to redemption, at the option of the City on any date on and after April 1, , as a whole or in part, from any available source of funds, at a redemption price equal to the principal amount thereof, together with accrued interest to the date fixed for redemption, without premium. The City is required to give the Trustee written notice of its intention to optionally redeem Bonds at least forty-five (45) days prior to the date fixed for such redemption. Sinking Fund Redemption. The Bonds maturing on April 1, (the "Term Bonds"), are also subject to mandatory sinking fund redemption in part by lot on April 1, , and on each April 1 thereafter, to and including April 1, , from Mandatory Sinking Account Payments made by the City at a redemption price equal to the principal amount thereof, without premium, in the aggregate respective amounts and on the respective dates as set forth in the following table; provided, however, that if some but not all of the Term Bonds have been optionally redeemed as described above, the total amount of Sinking Account payments to be made subsequent to such redemption shall be reduced in an amount equal to the principal amount of the Term Bonds so redeemed by reducing each such future Sinking Account payment on a pro rata basis (as nearly as practicable) in integral multiples of $5,000, as shall be designated pursuant to written notice filed by the City with the Trustee. in Sinking Account Redemption Date (April 1) tMaturity Principal Amount to be Redeemed Notice of Redemption. Unless waived by any Owner of Bonds to be redeemed, notice of any redemption of Bonds shall be given, at the expense of the City, by the Trustee by providing a redemption notice at least 30 days and not more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for redemption to the Owner of the Bond or Bonds to be redeemed at the address shown on the Bond Registration Books; provided, that neither the failure to receive such notice nor any immaterial defect in any notice shall affect the sufficiency of the proceedings for the redemption of the Bonds. All notices of redemption are required to include (i) the redemption date, (ii) the redemption price, (iii) if fewer than all Outstanding Bonds are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the respective principal amounts) of the Bonds to be redeemed, (iv) that on the redemption date the Redemption Price will become due and payable with respect to each such Bond or portion thereof called for redemption, and that interest with respect thereto shall cease to accrue from and after said date, and the place or places where such Bonds are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price, which places of payment may include the Trust Office of the Trustee. Book -Entry Only System The Bonds will be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as registered owner and nominee of DTC. DTC will act as securities depository for the Bonds so purchased. Individual purchases will be made in book -entry form. One fully registered Bond certificate will be issued for each series and maturity of the Bonds having the same interest rate, in the aggregate principal amount of such maturity and will be deposited with DTC. Purchasers will not receive a certificate representing their beneficial ownership interest in Bonds. So long as Cede & Co. is the registered owner of the Bonds, as nominee of DTC, references herein to the Bondowners or registered owners shall mean Cede & Co. as aforesaid, and shall not mean the "Beneficial Owners" of the Bonds. In this Official Statement, the term "Beneficial Owner" shall mean the person for whom a DTC Participant acquires an interest in the Bonds. See APPENDIX G—BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM. So long as Cede & Co. is the registered owner of the Bonds, principal of and interest on the Bonds are payable by wire transfer of same day funds by the Trustee to Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC. DTC is obligated, in turn, to remit such amounts to the DTC Participants for subsequent disbursement to the Beneficial Owners. See APPENDIX G—BOOK-ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM. -10- SECURITY FOR THE BONDS The general fund of the City is not liable and the creditor taxing power of the City is not pledged for the payment of the principal of and interest on the Bonds. The Owners of the Bonds may not compel the exercise of the taxing power by the City or the forfeiture of its property. The principal of and interest on the Bonds are not a debt of the Ciy, nor a legal or equitablepledge, charge, lien or encumbrance, upon any of itsprVerD, or upon any of its income, receipts, or revenues except the Net Revenues of the Enterprise. Pledge of Net Revenues The Bonds and any Parity Obligations shall be secured by a first pledge of all of the Net Revenues. In addition, the Bonds shall be secured by a pledge of all of the moneys in the Bond Fund, including all amounts derived from the investment of such moneys. Such pledge shall constitute a lien on the Net Revenues and such other moneys for the payment of the principal of and interest on the Bonds and any Parity Obligations in accordance with the terms hereof. The Bonds and any Parity Obligations shall be equally secured by a pledge, charge and lien upon the Net Revenues, without priority for number or date thereof, shall be and are secured by an exclusive pledge, charge and lien upon the Net Revenues and such moneys, except as set forth in the Indenture. So long as any of the Bonds are Outstanding, the Net Revenues and such moneys shall not be used for any other purpose, except as set forth in the Indenture; except that out of the Net Revenues there may be apportioned such sums, for such purposes, as are expressly permitted by the Indenture. The Indenture defines "Enterprise" as the entire Enterprise of the City, comprising any and all facilities, properties and improvements at any time controlled or operated by the City used or pertaining to the supply of water, consisting of the entire water production and distribution enterprise of the City, including all additions, extensions, expansions, improvements and betterments thereto and equippings thereof and any necessary lands, rights of way and other real and personal property useful in connection therewith, but exclusive of any portion of the existing system not required for the continued operation thereof; provided, however, that to the extent the City is not the sole owner of an asset or property, or lessee thereof from the City, only the City's ownership interest in such asset or property or leasehold interest therein from the City, shall be considered a part of the Enterprise. The Indenture defines "Net Revenues" as, for any period, an amount equal to all of the Gross Revenues received during such period minus the amount required to pay all Maintenance and Operation Costs during such period. The Indenture defines "Gross Revenues" as all gross charges received for, and all other gross income and revenues derived by the City from, the operation of the Enterprise or otherwise arising from the Enterprise, including but not limited to (a) all fees and charges received by the City for the services of the Enterprise, (b) charges received by the City for water connections, (c) capital charges, and (d) all receipts derived from the investment of such income or revenues, but excluding customer deposits. The Indenture defines "Maintenance and Operation Costs" as (a) the reasonable and necessary costs of maintaining and operating the Enterprise, calculated based upon accounting principles consistently applied, including (among other things) the reasonable expenses of management, personnel; services, equipment, repair and other expenses necessary to maintain and preserve the Enterprise in good repair and working order, and reasonable amounts for administration, overhead, insurance, taxes (if any) and other similar costs, and (b) all costs of water purchased or otherwise acquired for delivery by the -11- Enterprise (including any interim or renewed arrangement therefor), but excluding in all cases depreciation and obsolescence charges or reserves therefor and amortization of intangibles or other bookkeeping entries of a similar nature. In consideration of the acceptance of the Bonds by those who shall hold the same from time to time, the Indenture shall be deemed to be and shall constitute a contract between the City and the Owners from time to time of the Bonds, and the covenants and agreements herein set forth to be performed on behalf of the City shall be for the equal and proportionate benefit, security and protection of all Owners of the Bonds without preference, priority or distinction as to security or otherwise of any of the Bonds over any of the others by reason of the number or date thereof or the time of sale, execution and delivery thereof, or otherwise for any cause whatsoever, except as expressly provided therein or herein. No Bond Reserve Fund A bond reserve fund has not been established for the Bonds. Receipt, Deposit and Application of Gross Revenues and Net Revenues Application of Gross Revenues. All of the Gross Revenues shall be deposited by the City immediately upon receipt in the Water Fund. All Gross Revenues shall be held in trust by the City in the Water Fund and shall be applied, transferred, used and withdrawn only for the following purposes: Maintenance and Operation Costs. The City shall first pay from the moneys in the Water Fund the budgeted Maintenance and Operation Costs as such Maintenance and Operation Costs become due and payable. Payment of Debt Service. On or before the 5th Business Day preceding each Interest Payment Date, the City, shall withdraw from the Water Fund and transfer to the Trustee, for deposit in the Bond Fund, an amount which, together with the balance then on deposit in the Bond Fund, the Interest Account, the Principal Account and the Sinking Account (other than amounts required for payment of principal of or interest on any Bonds which have matured but which have not been presented for payment), is equal to the aggregate amount of principal of and interest coming due and payable on the Bonds and shall withdraw from the Water Fund and transfer amounts required for the payment of debt service on any Parity Obligations. The transfers required to pay debt service on the Bonds and any Parity Obligations shall be made without preference or priority and, in the event moneys in the Water Fund are not sufficient to pay the debt service requirement for the Bonds and any Parity Obligations, the City shall pay such amounts on a pro rata basis based on the debt service requirements for the Bonds and each outstanding Parity Obligations. Surplus. As long as all of the foregoing payments, allocations and transfers are made at the times and in the manner set forth above, any moneys remaining in the Water Fund may at any time be treated as surplus and applied for any lawful purpose. Application of Net Revenues. On or before the Business Day preceding each Interest Payment Date, the Trustee shall transfer from the Bond Fund and deposit into the following respective accounts (each of which the Trustee shall establish and maintain within the Bond Fund), the following amounts, in the following order of priority, the requirements of each such account (including the making up of any -12- deficiencies in any such account resulting from lack of Net Revenues sufficient to make any earlier required deposit) at the time of deposit to be satisfied before any transfer is made to any account subsequent in priority: First: to the Interest Account, the aggregate amount of interest becoming due and payable on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date on all Bonds then Outstanding; Second: to the Principal Account, the aggregate amount of principal becoming due and payable on the Outstanding Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, if any; and Third: to the Sinking Account, the aggregate amount of sinking fund installment becoming due and payable on the Outstanding Bonds on the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, if any. Application of Interest Account All amounts in the Interest Account shall be used and withdrawn by the Trustee solely for the purpose of paying interest on the Bonds as it shall become due and payable (including accrued interest on any Bonds purchased or redeemed prior to maturity pursuant to the Indenture). Application of Principal Account All amounts in the Principal Account shall be used and withdrawn by the Trustee solely for the purposes of paying the principal of the Bonds when due and payable. Application of Sinking Account All amounts in the Sinking Account shall be used and withdrawn by the Trustee solely for the purposes of paying the sinking fund installments of the Bonds when due and payable. Rate Covenant Covenant Regarding Revenues. The City covenants to fix, prescribe, revise and collect rates, fees and charges for the Enterprise as a whole for the services and improvements furnished by the Enterprise during each Fiscal Year which are at least sufficient, after making allowances for contingencies and error in the estimates, to yield Gross Revenues that are sufficient to pay the following amounts in the following order of priority: (i) all anticipated Maintenance and Operation Costs of the Enterprise for such Fiscal Year; (ii) Debt Service payments on the Bonds and any Parity Obligations as they become due and payable during such Fiscal Year, without preference or priority, except to the extent such Debt Service payments are payable from the proceeds of the Bonds or such Parity Obligations, as applicable, or from any other source of legally available funds of the City that have been deposited with the Trustee or otherwise segregated for purposes prior to the commencement of such Fiscal Year (not including a debt service reserve fund); and -13- (iii) all other payments required to meet any other obligations of the City which are charges, liens, encumbrances upon, or which are otherwise payable, from the Gross Revenues during such Fiscal Year. Covenant Regarding Net Revenues. In addition, the City covenants to fix, prescribe, revise and collect, or cause to be fixed, prescribed, revised and collected, rates, fees and charges for the services and improvements furnished by the Enterprise during each Fiscal Year which are sufficient to yield Net Revenues which are at least equal to one hundred twenty percent (1203) of the total Annual Debt Service on the Bonds and any debt service on Parity Obligations coming due and payable in such Fiscal Year. Limitations on Future Obligations Secured by Net Revenues No Obligations Superior to Bonds or Parity Obligations. In order to protect further the availability of the Net Revenues and the security for the Bonds and any Parity Obligations, the City covenants that no additional bonds or other indebtedness will be issued or incurred on a senior basis to the Bonds or such Parity Obligations that are payable out of the Net Revenues in whole or in part. Parity Obligations. The City further covenants that, except for obligations incurred to prepay or post a security deposit for the payment of the Bonds or Parity Obligations, the City may issue or incur Parity Obligations during the term of the Bonds if: (i) The City shall be in compliance with all covenants set forth in the Indenture. (ii) The Net Revenues, calculated on sound accounting principles, as shown by the books of the City for the latest Fiscal Year or any more recent twelve (12) month period selected by the City ending not more than sixty (60) days prior to the adoption of the instrument issuing such Parity Obligations are issued, as shown by the books of the City, plus, at the option of the City, either or both of the items hereinafter in this covenant designated (A) and (B), but excluding connection charges, shall at least equal one hundred twenty percent (1203) of the amount of Maximum Annual Debt Service on all Bonds and Parity Obligations to be Outstanding immediately subsequent to the issuance of such Parity Obligations. The items any or all of which may be added to such Net Revenues for the purpose of issuing or incurring Parity Obligations hereunder are the following: (A) An allowance for Net Revenues from any additions to or improvements or extensions of the Enterprise to be made with the proceeds of such Parity Obligations, and also for Net Revenues from any such additions, improvements or extensions which have been made from moneys from any source but in any case which, during all or any part of such Fiscal Year or such twelve (12) month period, were not in service, all in an amount equal to seventy percent (703) of the estimated additional average annual Net Revenues to be derived from such additions, improvements and extensions for the first thirty-six (36) month period in which each addition, improvement or extension is respectively to be in operation, all as shown in the written report of an Independent Financial Consultant engaged by the City. (B) An allowance for earnings arising from any increase in the charges made for service from the Enterprise which has become effective prior to the incurring of such additional indebtedness but which, during all or any part of such Fiscal Year or such -14- that: twelve (12) month period, was not in effect, in an amount equal to the amount by which the Net Revenues would have been increased if such increase in charges had been in effect during the whole of such Fiscal Year or such twelve (12) month period, all as shown in the written report of an Independent Financial Consultant engaged by the City. (iii) The instrument providing for the issuance of such Parity Obligations shall provide (A) The proceeds of such Parity Obligations shall be applied to the acquisition, construction, improvement, financing or refinancing of additional facilities, improvements or extensions of existing facilities within the Enterprise, or otherwise for facilities, improvements or property which the City determines are of benefit to the Enterprise, or for the purpose of refunding any Bonds or Parity Obligations in whole or in part, including all costs (including costs of issuing such Parity Obligations and including capitalized interest on such Parity Obligations during any period which the City deems necessary or advisable) relating thereto; (B) Interest on such Parity Obligations shall be payable on April 1 and October 1 in each year of the term of such Parity Obligations except the first year, during which year interest may be payable on any April l or October 1; and (C) The principal of such Parity Obligations shall be payable on April 1 in any year in which .principal is payable. (iv) A reserve fund may, but shall not be required to, be established for such Parity Obligations. Subordinate Obligations. The City further covenants that the City shall not issue or incur any Subordinate Obligations unless Net Revenues, calculated on sound accounting principles, as shown by the books of the City for the latest Fiscal Year or any more recent twelve (12) month period selected by the City ending not more than sixty (60) days prior to the adoption of the resolution pursuant to which instrument such Subordinate Obligations are issued or incurred, as shown by the books of the City shall, after deducting all amounts required for the payment of the Bonds and any Parity Obligations, have amounted to at least 1.0 times the sum of the maximum annual debt service on all Subordinate Obligations outstanding immediately subsequent to the incurring of such additional obligations. An allowance for earnings arising from any increase in the charges made for service from the Enterprise which has become effective prior to the incurring of such additional obligations but which, during all or any part of such Fiscal Year, was not in effect, may be added in an amount equal to 100% of the amount by which the Net Revenues would have been increased if such increase in charges had been in effect during the whole of such Fiscal Year and any period prior to the incurring of such additional obligations, as shown by the certificate or opinion of a qualified independent consultant employed by the City. -15- THE CITY General The City is located in the central part of Orange County, approximately 41 miles south of the City of Los Angeles and approximately 90 miles north of the City of San Diego, at the intersection of the 5 and 55 freeways. The City covers over eleven square miles and adjoins the cities of Orange, Santa Ana, and Irvine. While the City is surrounded by much of the County's main industrial employment, the City is essentially a residential community. The City provides a range of municipal services to its residents. The City has its own police force and the Orange County Fire Department provides fire protection services on a contractual basis. Street sweeping, park maintenance and building inspection are provided by the City. Trash collection is a contracted service and maintenance of sewer mains is currently provided by the Orange County Sanitation District. The City cooperates with the County in the provisions and maintenance of flood control facilities. Governance and Management Incorporated in 1927, the City operates as a general law city with a Council -Manager form of government. The elected City Council is responsible for policy making, and a professional City Manager is appointed by the Council. The City Council is a five -member governmental body that includes the Mayor, Mayor Pro Tem, and three Council Members. The City Manager implements City Council directives and policies and manages the operational functions of the City. The City staff is organized into departments, which provide police, community development, maintenance, general administration, community service and capital improvements. The current mayor and city council members are set forth below: CITY OF TUSTIN CITY COUNCIL Name Position Dr. Allan Bernstein Letitia Clark Barry W. Cooper Austin Lumbard Charles E. Puckett Mayor Mayor Pro Tem Councilmember Councilmember Councilmember Term Expires November 2020 November 2020 November 2022 November 2022 November 2020 Information with respect to the City, including financial information and certain economic and demographic information relating to the City is provided in APPENDIX E—GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE CITY OF TUSTIN AND ORANGE COUNTY. Also, see APPENDIX B—COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CITY FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019. -16- THE ENTERPRISE Certain of the information set forth under this caption has been obtained from publicly available sources other than the City, which the City and the Underwriter believe to be reliable, including, without limitation, the Municipal Water District of Orange County ("MWOOC "), Orange County Water District ("OCWD-) and The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (""Metropolitan"). As described herein, historically approximately 10% of annual water deliveries were obtained from imported water supplied to the Enterprise. Accordingly, certain of the information set forth under this caption has been included because it provides additional detail with respect to such sources of supply that may be considered relevant to an informed evaluation and analysis of the Bonds and the Enterprise. However, such information is not guaranteed by the City or the Underwriter as to its accuracy or completeness and no representation is made as to the absence of material adverse changes in such information subsequent to the date hereof. None of MWOOC, OCWD or Metropolitan has participated in the preparation of this Official Statement None are obligated in any way to the owners or Beneficial Owners of any of the Bonds and none have pledged any of their moneys, funds or assets toward the payment of any amount due in connection with the Bonds. History and Overview of the Enterprise The Enterprise was begun as Tustin Water Works, a privately -owned water utility, and was acquired by the City in 1980. The City has operated the water system since that time. The Enterprise receives its water from two main sources, local well water from the Lower Santa Ana River Groundwater basin, which is managed by the Orange County Water District ("OCWD") and imported water from the Municipal Water District of Orange County ("MWDOC") provided by the East Orange County Water District ("EOCWD"). MWDOC is Orange County's wholesale supplier and is a member agency of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California ("Metropolitan"). The local well water is pumped from the City's 14 groundwater wells under the supervision of the OCWD. Imported water from Metropolitan is provided through MWDOC and is sourced primarily from the Colorado River. The Enterprise uses little to no water from the State Water Project. Management The Enterprise is operated by .the .Water Service Division (the "Division"), a division of the City's Public Works Department. The Division employs a full-time equivalent of 18 individuals. The Enterprise is under the management of the City's Director of Public Works, Douglas Stack. The Water Service Manager, Michael Grisso, is responsible for direct supervision over the operations of the Enterprise. Division staff' members perform administrative, engineering, construction and maintenance, water production, water treatment, water quality, preventative maintenance, and customer service activities. Employee Relations The Enterprise has never experienced a labor action, slow down or work stoppage. The Tustin Municipal Employee Association (TMEA) represents non -management employees as a collective bargaining unit. The current contract expires on June 30, 2021. -17- Service Area The Enterprise's water service area consists of approximately 8.4 square miles within the City (see the Service Area Map, below) and sits at an elevation of about 210 feet above sea level. The topography of the City combines generally flat areas with gradual rolling hills. The City provides potable water service and fire protection water service to most of the incorporated area of the City and also to unincorporated county areas north of the City. The Enterprise serves approximately 69,000 water consumers through approximately 14,241 water service connections. Approximately 8,690 (61%) of the connections are within a five square mile area within the City limits and the remaining 5,551 (39%) of the connections are located within a 3.4 square mile area to the north of the City limits, within the unincorporated area of the County. The areas of the City not within the Enterprise's service area include the Tustin Ranch development located on the eastern side of the City, and the Tustin Legacy development, formerly the Tustin Marine Corps Air Station. These areas are served by the Irvine Ranch Water District. The service area is essentially fully developed, and the number of water customers has been relatively stable since 1980. No significant growth within the service area is anticipated. A map of the Enterprise's water service area is provided below. The water service area is divided into three pressure zones. Table 1 SERVICE AREA MAP Source: City of Tustin Public Works Dept. Water Supply The Enterprise relies on a combination of imported water and local groundwater to meet its water needs. The City's main source of water supply is groundwater from the Lower Santa Ana River Groundwater Basin. Currently, the City relies on approximately 909 local groundwater and 10% imported water to meet its needs. years. The table below is a history of the Enterprise's sources of water supply for the last five fiscal Table 2 HISTORIC WATER SUPPLY (Amounts in Acre-feet)(0 Fiscal Years 2014-15 through 2018-19 Source: City of Tustin Public Works Dept. (1) One acre-foot ("AF") equals 325,851 gallons, approximately equal to 436 billing units (hundred cubic feet). (2) Pumped water that is not treated is subject to a basin pumping percentage ("BPP") restriction imposed by the OCWD. Currently, the BPP is 77% which allows the Enterprise to pump up to 77% of its annual supply without paying a BEA. (3) Includes treated groundwater that is BEA exempt. Note: For additional discussion of BPP and BEA, see "OCWD" below. -19- Local Ground Imported % Fiscal Year Water (2)(3) Water Total Change 2014-15 8,199 2,829 10,028 n/a 2015-16 7,685 1,548 9,233 (7.93) 2016-17 8,687 1,072 9,760 5.71 2017-18 9,967 910 10,877 11.44 2018-19 8,978 1,201 10,179 (6.42) Source: City of Tustin Public Works Dept. (1) One acre-foot ("AF") equals 325,851 gallons, approximately equal to 436 billing units (hundred cubic feet). (2) Pumped water that is not treated is subject to a basin pumping percentage ("BPP") restriction imposed by the OCWD. Currently, the BPP is 77% which allows the Enterprise to pump up to 77% of its annual supply without paying a BEA. (3) Includes treated groundwater that is BEA exempt. Note: For additional discussion of BPP and BEA, see "OCWD" below. -19- The table below is a five-year projection of the Enterprise's expected sources of water supply for the next five fiscal years. Table 3 PROJECTED WATER SUPPLY (Amounts in Acre-feet)(0 Fiscal Years 2019-20 through 2023-24 Source: City of Tustin Public Works Dept. (1) One acre-foot (AF) equals 325,851 gallons, approximately equal to 436 billing units (hundred cubic feet). (2) Pumped water that is not treated is subject to a basin pumping percentage ("BPP") restriction imposed by the Orange County Water District. Currently, the BPP is 77% which allows the Enterprise to pump up to 77% of its annual supply without paying a BEA. (3) Includes treated groundwater that is BEA exempt. Note: For additional discussion of BPP and BEA, see "OCWD" below. Local Groundwater Sources. Historically, local groundwater has been the cheapest and most reliable source of supply for the Enterprise. Approximately 90% percent of the Enterprise's water supply is pumped by Enterprise -owned wells from local groundwater aquifers managed by the OCWD. The Enterprise pumps its local groundwater from the Lower Santa Ana River Groundwater Basin, also known as the Orange County Groundwater Basin (the "OC Basin"). The OC Basin underlies the northerly half of Orange County beneath broad lowlands. The OC Basin, managed by OCWD, covers an area of approximately 350 square miles, bordered by the Coyote and Chino Hills to the north, the Santa Ana Mountains to the northeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. The OC Basin boundary extends to the Orange County -Los Angeles Line to the northwest, where groundwater flows across the county line into the Central Groundwater Basin of Los Angeles County. The total thickness of sedimentary rocks in the OC Basin is over 20,000 feet, with only the upper 2,000 to 4,000 feet containing fresh water. The Pleistocene or younger aquifers comprising this Basin are over 2,000 feet deep and form a complex series of interconnected sand and gravel deposits. The OC Basin's full volume is approximately 66 million acre feet ("MAF "). There are three major aquifer systems that have been subdivided by OCWD, the Shallow Aquifer System, the Principal Aquifer System, and the Deep Aquifer System. These three aquifer systems are hydraulically connected as groundwater is able to flow between each other through intervening aquitards or discontinuities in the aquitards. The Shallow Aquifer system occurs from the surface to approximately 250 feet below ground surface. Most of the groundwater from this aquifer system is pumped by small water systems for industrial and agricultural use. The Principal Aquifer system occurs at depths between 200 and 1,300 feet below ground surface. Over 90 percent of the City's groundwater production is from wells that are screened within the Principal Aquifer system. Only a minor amount of the City's groundwater is pumped from the Deep Aquifer system, which underlies the Principal Aquifer system and is up to 2,000 feet deep in the.center of the OC Basin. -20- Local Ground Imported % Fiscal Year Water (2)(3) Water Total Change 2019-20 9,252 1,028 10,280 — 2020-21 9,345 1,038 10,383 1% 2021-22 9,345 1,038 10,383 0 2022-23 9,345 1,038 10,383 0 2023-24 9,345 1,038 10,383 0 Source: City of Tustin Public Works Dept. (1) One acre-foot (AF) equals 325,851 gallons, approximately equal to 436 billing units (hundred cubic feet). (2) Pumped water that is not treated is subject to a basin pumping percentage ("BPP") restriction imposed by the Orange County Water District. Currently, the BPP is 77% which allows the Enterprise to pump up to 77% of its annual supply without paying a BEA. (3) Includes treated groundwater that is BEA exempt. Note: For additional discussion of BPP and BEA, see "OCWD" below. Local Groundwater Sources. Historically, local groundwater has been the cheapest and most reliable source of supply for the Enterprise. Approximately 90% percent of the Enterprise's water supply is pumped by Enterprise -owned wells from local groundwater aquifers managed by the OCWD. The Enterprise pumps its local groundwater from the Lower Santa Ana River Groundwater Basin, also known as the Orange County Groundwater Basin (the "OC Basin"). The OC Basin underlies the northerly half of Orange County beneath broad lowlands. The OC Basin, managed by OCWD, covers an area of approximately 350 square miles, bordered by the Coyote and Chino Hills to the north, the Santa Ana Mountains to the northeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. The OC Basin boundary extends to the Orange County -Los Angeles Line to the northwest, where groundwater flows across the county line into the Central Groundwater Basin of Los Angeles County. The total thickness of sedimentary rocks in the OC Basin is over 20,000 feet, with only the upper 2,000 to 4,000 feet containing fresh water. The Pleistocene or younger aquifers comprising this Basin are over 2,000 feet deep and form a complex series of interconnected sand and gravel deposits. The OC Basin's full volume is approximately 66 million acre feet ("MAF "). There are three major aquifer systems that have been subdivided by OCWD, the Shallow Aquifer System, the Principal Aquifer System, and the Deep Aquifer System. These three aquifer systems are hydraulically connected as groundwater is able to flow between each other through intervening aquitards or discontinuities in the aquitards. The Shallow Aquifer system occurs from the surface to approximately 250 feet below ground surface. Most of the groundwater from this aquifer system is pumped by small water systems for industrial and agricultural use. The Principal Aquifer system occurs at depths between 200 and 1,300 feet below ground surface. Over 90 percent of the City's groundwater production is from wells that are screened within the Principal Aquifer system. Only a minor amount of the City's groundwater is pumped from the Deep Aquifer system, which underlies the Principal Aquifer system and is up to 2,000 feet deep in the.center of the OC Basin. -20- OCWD. OCWD was formed in 1933 by a special legislative act of the California State Legislature to protect and manage the County's natural, groundwater supply and defend its water rights to the OC Basin. Groundwater levels are managed within a safe basin operating range to protect the long-term sustainability of the OC Basin and to protect against land subsidence. OCWD regulates groundwater levels in the OC Basin by regulating the annual amount of pumping. The OC Basin is not adjudicated and as such, pumping from the OC Basin is managed through a process that uses financial incentives to encourage groundwater producers to pump a sustainable amount of water. The framework for the financial incentives is based on establishing the basin production percentage ("BPP"), the percentage of each OCWD member's total water supply that comes from groundwater pumped from the OC Basin. Groundwater production at or below the BPP is assessed a Replenishment Assessment ("RA"). While there is no legal limit as to how much an agency pumps from the OC Basin, there is a financial disincentive to pump above the BPP. Agencies that pump above the BPP are charged the RA plus the Basin Equity Assessment ("BEA"), which is calculated so that the cost of groundwater production is greater than MWDOC's full-service rate. The BEA can be increased to discourage production above the BPP. The BPP is set uniformly for all Producers by OCWD on an annual basis. The BPP is set based on groundwater conditions, availability of imported water supplies, and Basin management objectives. The supplies available for recharge must be estimated for a given year. The supplies of recharge water that are estimated are: 1) Santa Ana River stormflow, 2) Natural incidental recharge, 3) Santa Ana River baseflow, 4) OCWD's groundwater replenishment system ("GWRS") supplies, and 5) other supplies such as imported water and recycled water purchased for the Alamitos Barrier. The BPP is a major factor in determining the cost of groundwater production from the OC Basin for that year. When the OC Basin storage approaches the lower end of the operating range, immediate issues that must be addressed include seawater intrusion, increased risk of land subsidence, and potential for shallow wells to become inoperable due to lower water levels. The OCWD has complied with the Sustainable.Groundwater Management Act with respect to the OC Basin. One. of the Enterprise's operating objectives is to produce the maximum amount of groundwater within the BPP and to avoid producing in excess of such maximum in, order to avoid paying the BEA. In Fiscal Year 2018-19, the Enterprise did not pay a BEA to OCWD. For the year ending June 30, 2019, the BPP was 77% and the City's actual production was 10,179. OCWD has set the BPP for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2020 at 77% and the City estimates that its production will be 10,280. The Enterprise pays OCWD a Replenishment Assessment fee of $402 per acre foot of groundwater pumped up to the BPP. The Enterprise's fourteen wells pump groundwater from the OC Basin. When operated at full capacity, they can produce 13,000 gallons per minute or up,to 18.7 million gallons of water in a twenty- four -hour period. Nine of the wells can pump groundwater directly into the distribution system without any need for treatment. The groundwater from the remaining five (5) wells is treated at one of the Enterprise's two treatment facilities before being pumped into the distribution system. The groundwater produced by both the treatment facilities is completely exempt from the BPP and BEA by contract with OCWD. One of the Enterprise's treatment facilities is a 3.0 million gallon per day reverse osmosis plant, and the other is a 2.0 million gallon per day reverse osmosis and ion exchange plant. Both facilities remove high nitrate and perchlorate concentrations from the groundwater that would otherwise exceed the United -21- States Environmental Protection Agency and the California Department of Health Services maximum contaminant level regulations. See "—Enterprise Facilities—Treatment Plants" below. Through the construction of additional well facilities, which are included in the capital improvement program, the City maintains groundwater reliability by replacing aging infrastructure. Due to restrictions on the amount of groundwater that can be pumped from the groundwater basin as compared to total system demand, the Enterprise does not expect to fully eliminate its reliance on the less reliable and more expensive imported water. OCWD faces challenges in managing its groundwater basin including increasing customer water demands and effectively balancing demand on the OC Basin with the amount of total recharge and total pumping to maintain ground water levels and storage within an established safe operating range. Further discussion of challenges faced by OCWD as well as a variety of other operating information with respect to OCWD in certain publicly available disclosure documents prepared by OCWD. OCWD has entered into certain continuing disclosure agreements pursuant to which OCWD is contractually obligated for the benefit of owners of certain of their outstanding obligations, to file certain annual reports, notices of certain material events as defined under Rule 15c2-12 and annual audited financial statements (the "OCWD Information") with certain information repositories (a current listing of such repositories is maintained on the Internet with the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board Electronic Municipal Market Access system at http://emma.msrb.org. The OCWD Information is not incorporated herein by reference thereto, and the City does not make any representation as to the accuracy or completeness of such information. OCWD HAS NOT ENTERED INTO ANY CONTRACTUAL COMMITMENT WITH THE CITY, THE TRUSTEE OR THE OWNERS OF THE BONDS TO PROVIDE OCWD INFORMATION TO THE CITY OR THE OWNERS OF THE BONDS. Imported Water. The Enterprise currently relies on imported water to meet approximately 10% of its water needs. The Enterprise purchases water from the EOCWD (which purchases from Metropolitan through MWDOC). Imported water reaches the City through three (3) connections to the EOCWD system. EOCWD can provide water to the City at up to six locations along the northern extents of the City's service area. These connections can supply up to 6,500 gallons per minute, or 9.36 million gallons per day. An additional connection is located south of the I-5 Freeway near Newport Avenue, and can supply up to 4,500 gallons per minute, or 6.48 million gallons per day. Although pipeline and connection capacity rights do not guarantee the availability of water, per se, they do guarantee the ability to convey water when it is available to the Metropolitan distribution system. All imported water supplies are assumed available to the City from existing water transmission facilities. Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. MWDOC and EOCWD are member agencies of Metropolitan. There are 26 -member public agencies of Metropolitan, consisting of 14 cities, 11 municipal water districts, and MWDOC. Metropolitan's service area comprises approximately 5,200 square miles and includes all or portions of the counties of Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Ventura. The Colorado River was Metropolitan's original source of water after Metropolitan's establishment in 1928. The Colorado River Aqueduct ("CRA"), which is owned and operated by Metropolitan, transports water from the Colorado River to its terminus at Lake Mathews in Riverside County. The actual amount of water per year that may be conveyed through the CRA to Metropolitan's member agencies is subject to the availability of Colorado River water for delivery. -22- The CRA includes supplies from the implementation of the Quantification Settlement Agreement and related agreements to transfer water from agricultural agencies to urban uses. The 2003 Quantification Settlement Agreement enabled California to implement major Colorado River water conservation and transfer programs, stabilizing water supplies for 75 years and reducing the state's demand on the river to its 4.4 MAF entitlement. Colorado River transactions are potentially available to supply additional water up to the CRA capacity of 1.25 MAF on an as -needed basis. Water from the Colorado River or its tributaries is available to users in California, Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, as well as to Mexico. California is apportioned the use of 4.4 MAF of water from the Colorado River each year plus one-half of any surplus that may be available for use collectively in Arizona, California, and Nevada. In addition, California has historically been allowed to use Colorado River water apportioned to but not used by Arizona or Nevada. Metropolitan has a basic entitlement of 550,000 AFY of Colorado River water, plus surplus water up to an additional 662,000 AFY when certain conditions exists. Unfortunately, Metropolitan has not received surplus water for a number of years. The Colorado River supply faces current and future imbalances between water supply and demand in the Colorado River Basin due to long term drought conditions. The long-term imbalance in future supply and demand is projected to be approximately 3.2 MAF by the year 2060. Approximately 40 million people rely on the Colorado River and its tributaries for water with 5.5 million acres of land using Colorado River water for irrigation. Climate change will also affect future supply and demand as increasing temperatures may increase evapotranspiration from vegetation along with an increase in water loss due to evaporation in reservoirs, therefore reducing the available amount of supply from the Colorado River and exacerbating imbalances between increasing demands from rapid growth and decreasing supplies. Metropolitan's other major source of water is the State Water Project (the "SWP"). The SWT is owned by the State and operated by the Department of Water Resources ("DWR"). The SWP transports Feather River water stored in and released from Oroville Dam and unregulated flows diverted directly from the Bay -Delta south via the California Aqueduct to four delivery points near the northern and eastern boundaries of Metropolitan. The total length of the California Aqueduct is 444 miles. Metropolitan is one of 29 agencies that have long-term contracts for water service from DWR (each a "State Water Contract") and it is the largest agency in terms of the number of people it serves (approximately 18 million), the share of the SWP water for which it is entitled, and the total amount of annual payments made to DWR. Metropolitan's contract with DWR provides for the delivery of 1,911,500 AF. The SWP was originally intended to meet demands of 4.2 million AF per year. Initial SWP facilities were completed in the early 1970s, and it was envisioned that additional facilities would be constructed as contractor demands increased. Several factors, including increased costs and increased non-SWP demands for limited water supplies, combined to delay the construction of additional facilities. The State Water Contract, under a 100% allocation, provides Metropolitan with 1,911,500 AF of water. In general, allocations and deliveries from the SWP reflect recent dry years, low water storage in the State's major reservoirs, below -normal runoff and regulatory restrictions on water exports from the Bay -Delta to protect listed fish species. In recent years, Metropolitan has been able to rebuild its water storage levels after several years of withdrawals. -23- Water Use The Enterprise's average daily demand is approximately 8.7 million gallons. The highest recent daily demand was 14 million gallons. Supply and use varies due to changes in weather patterns, temperatures, rainfall and implementation of the City's drought ordinance. The following table shows the water use for the five Fiscal Years ended June 30, 2019. Consumption is shown in hundred cubic feet ("hcf'), which is the Enterprise's basic billing unit that appears on the bi-monthly water bills. Table 4 WATER USE BY CUSTOMER TYPED) Fiscal Years 2014-15 through 2018-19 Customer Type 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Residential 2,603,538 1,934,761 2,119,716 Apartment/Multiple Units 1,139,321 1,003,808 987,688 Commercial 310,585 259,459 271,649 Fire Services 837 646 504 Irrigation 155,766 96,082 105,750 Government 229,262 134,446 162,843 Restaurants 51,658 45,069 44,947 Hospitals 10,018 11,166 11,276 Non -Profit 41,601 22,989 26,751 Industrial 59,292 40,407 45,071 Hotel/Motels 21,379 23,387 25,185 All Other 71,324 68,830 70,721 Total Water Use 4,694,581 3,641,050 3,872,101 Source: City of Tustin Public Works Dept.. (') Measured in hundred cubic feet. Enterprise Facilities 2,398,744 2,199,236 ' 1,039,878 1,029,284 274,943 267,541 589 564 146,941 131,579 195,695 177,321 45,086 45,905 10,536 13,102 34,539 32,021 45,062 44,693 28,908 32,594 75,208 76,873 4,296,129 4,050,713 The current facilities of the Enterprise include transmission and distribution lines, storage reservoirs, wells, pump stations, treatment facilities, imported water turnouts and emergency interconnections with other water agencies. Treatment Plants. The City has two treatment plants, the Main Street Treatment Plant and the 17th Street Desalter. The two treatment facilities remove excess nitrates, perchlorates and total dissolved solids from the groundwater underlying the service area. These facilities help the City in its goal of increasing the use of local groundwater and reducing reliance on more expensive imported water. Transmission and Distribution Mains. The water distribution system has three pressure zones that consist of over 170 miles of transmission and distribution mains, 2,020 fire hydrants, four booster stations and four emergency interconnections with neighboring water agencies. StorageReservoirs. Storage is required to balance variations in demand (operational or regulatory storage), to provide water for fighting fire (fire storage), and to provide water when normal supplies are -24- reduced or unavailable due to unusual circumstances (emergency storage). The existing storage system consists of six reservoirs with a combined storage capacity of approximately 13.83 million gallons (MG). The Simon Ranch Reservoir and Booster Pump Station Project will replace the existing buried, gunite lined, earthen reservoir with a new circular, pre -stressed concrete tank. A new pump station has been designed and integrated within the reservoir site. A portion of existing 8 inch pipeline serving the existing booster station and 10 inch pipeline leading to the Simon Ranch Reservoir will be abandoned and a new 16 inch ductile iron transmission pipeline, approximately 1,600 feet in length, will be constructed to feed both the new pump station and reservoir. Groundwater Wells. The City pumps its groundwater from 14 wells, including five wells that undergo nitrate and total dissolved solids removal through the Main Street Plant and the 17th Street Desalter Treatment Plant. Historical and Planned Capital Improvements The capital improvements completed from fiscal year 2014-15 to fiscal year 2018-19 are shown in the following table. Table 5 HISTORICAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES Fiscal Years 2014-15 through 2018-19 Project Name Simon Ranch Reservoir Tustin Ave Well Hydraulic Modeling MWD Turnout Improvements Well Rehab Edinger Well El Camino / Newport Line Stop Program SCADA Improvements 17th Street Treatment Plant Membrane Replacement Service Line Replacement / Maintenance Totals 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 $ 168,938 $ 681,669 $ 327,046 $ 452,909 5,886 2,320 (148,547) 1,014 1,755 - - - 17,762 106,370 6,710 27,973 159,852 - 181,377 176,646 571,888 3,770,587 1,309,829 178,098 207,787 80,536 580 - - - 31,042 82,773 - - - 152,126 - - 69,550 5,992 $1,133,868 $4,641,482 $1,599,088 $1,077,531 Source: City of Tustin Public Works Department. -25- 2018-19 $363,385 5,134 $368,519 Total $1,993,947 (139,327) 1,755 158,815 517,875 5,830,402 288,903 113,815 157,260 75,542 $7,144,367 The Enterprise expects to spend another $31,384,000 in capital projects over the next five fiscal years which is expected to be funded on a pay -as -you go basis. The table below shows the next five years of planned capital improvements. Source: City of Tustin Public Works Department. Water Rates Water rates are set by the City Council and are not subject to review by any state or local government agency. In the past, rate changes have been enacted by the City Council based upon the recommendations of staff and/or a private water engineering consultant after following notice procedures required by State law. The City adopted new water rates on January 21, 2020 that will become effective in February 1, 2020. See "2020 Rate Increase" below. Prior to that the most recent revision of the rate structure took place in June 2010 and the prior rates had remained static since January 1, 2014. See "Prior Rate Structure" below. Prior Rate Structure. The prior water rate structure, effective from January 1, 2014 until January 31, 2020, consisted of meter charges (based on meter size), capital replacement charges (based on meter size), consumption charges, and pass-through charges. Meter charges were designed to generate about one-third of the annual revenue. This approach was designed to reduce fluctuations in water revenue and to recover a portion of fixed costs, such as debt service. Most single-family residential customers have a 5/8 -inch meter, and it is the most common meter size in the Enterprise. Volume charges consisted of ascending block rates per hcf of water consumption. The rate structure was designed to recover costs associated with purchasing additional water as the customer's water use increases. Seven block rates are employed in ten (10) hcf increments for single family, commercial, and industrial customers and in eight (8) hcf increments for multi -family customers. The pass-through charge was designed to offset the increasing third party costs. Imported water rates are established by Metropolitan and additional fees are added to those rates by wholesale water purveyors, MWDOC and EOCWD. Ground water rates are established by OCWD and electricity rates are established by Southern California Edison. The pass-through allowed the Enterprise to assess and recoup the costs of providing water beyond current budget appropriation in case of unexpected supply -26- Table 6 PROJECTED CAPITAL EXPENDITURES Fiscal Years 2019-20 through 2023-24 Project Name 2019-20 202-21 2021-22 2022-23 2023-24 Total Simon Ranch Reservoir $15,150,000 — — — — $15,150,000 Service Line Replacement / Maintenance 120,000 $ 120,000 $ 120,000 $ 120,000 $ 120,000 600,000 Main Line Replacement/Maintenance 2,700,000 1,650,000 1,650,000 1,650,000 1,650,000 9,300,000 Meter Maintenance 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 500,000 Well Replacement/Maintenance 600,000 600,000 600,000 600,000 600,000 3,000,000 Hydrant Maintenance 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 500,000 Beneta Well - Conjunctive Use Well — — 2,334,000 — — 2,334,000 Totals $18,770,000 $2,570,000 $4,904,000 $2,570,000 $2,570,000 $31,384,000 Source: City of Tustin Public Works Department. Water Rates Water rates are set by the City Council and are not subject to review by any state or local government agency. In the past, rate changes have been enacted by the City Council based upon the recommendations of staff and/or a private water engineering consultant after following notice procedures required by State law. The City adopted new water rates on January 21, 2020 that will become effective in February 1, 2020. See "2020 Rate Increase" below. Prior to that the most recent revision of the rate structure took place in June 2010 and the prior rates had remained static since January 1, 2014. See "Prior Rate Structure" below. Prior Rate Structure. The prior water rate structure, effective from January 1, 2014 until January 31, 2020, consisted of meter charges (based on meter size), capital replacement charges (based on meter size), consumption charges, and pass-through charges. Meter charges were designed to generate about one-third of the annual revenue. This approach was designed to reduce fluctuations in water revenue and to recover a portion of fixed costs, such as debt service. Most single-family residential customers have a 5/8 -inch meter, and it is the most common meter size in the Enterprise. Volume charges consisted of ascending block rates per hcf of water consumption. The rate structure was designed to recover costs associated with purchasing additional water as the customer's water use increases. Seven block rates are employed in ten (10) hcf increments for single family, commercial, and industrial customers and in eight (8) hcf increments for multi -family customers. The pass-through charge was designed to offset the increasing third party costs. Imported water rates are established by Metropolitan and additional fees are added to those rates by wholesale water purveyors, MWDOC and EOCWD. Ground water rates are established by OCWD and electricity rates are established by Southern California Edison. The pass-through allowed the Enterprise to assess and recoup the costs of providing water beyond current budget appropriation in case of unexpected supply -26- cost increase. The pass-through was restricted to -not -exceed 7% of the annual water charges to a typical residential user in any given fiscal year. A typical single-family residential customer with a 5/8 -inch meter using 40 hcf of water in a bi- monthly period had a bi-monthly bill under the prior rate structure of $105.90, consisting of a $35.85 fixed charge, a $11.00 capital charge, and a $59.05 consumption charge. The following tables outline the prior rate structure for domestic and commercial uses in place from January 1, 2014 until January 31, 2020. Table 7 PRIOR RATES FOR WATER SERVICE (Effective January 1, 2014 to January 31, 2020) Prior Bi -Monthly Fixed Charge Meter Size Charge 5/8" and 3/4" $ 35.85 1" 89.65 1-1/2" 179.29 2" 286.86 3" 537.86 4" 896.38 6" or larger 1,792.76 Multiple Units/ per unit 28.70 Prior Bi -Monthly Capital Charge Meter Size Charge 5/8" and 3/4" $ 11.00 1" 14.00 1-1/2" 18.00 2" 25.00 3" 37.00 4" 60.00 6" or larger 101.00 Multiple Units/ per unit 9.00 Prior Bi -Monthly Consumption Charge (Single Family) (per one hundred cubit foot units) Small Meter Consumption Charge (Meters under 2 inches) Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4 Tier 5 Tier 6 Tier 7 0-10 Units 11-20 Units 21-30 Units 31-40 Units 41-50 Units 51-60 Units 61+ Units 0.84 1.48 1.94 2.41 3.05 3.53 4.05 -27- Prior Bi -Monthly Consumption Charge (Multi Family) (per one hundred cubit foot units) Small Meter Consumption Charge (Meters under 2 inches) Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4 Tier 5 Tier 6 Tier 7 0-8 Units 9-16 Units 17-24 Units 25-32 Units 33-40 Units 41-48 Units 49+ Units 0.84 1.48 1.94 2.41 3.05 3.53 4.05 Large Meter Consumption Charge (Meters 2 inches or larger) Tier 1 Tier 2 Tier 3 Tier 4 Tier 5 Tier 6 Tier 7 0-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61+ Units Units Units Units Units Units Units High0) 1.02 1.79 2.34 2.91 3.69 4.27 4.91 Normal(') 0.92 1.63 2.13 2.65 3.35 3.88 4.46 LowO> 0.84 1.48 1.94 2.41 3.05 3.53 4.05 (1) High: Greater than 110% of prior year consumption Normal: 90% to 110% of prior year consumption Low: Less than 90% of prior year consumption Prior Bi -Monthly Fire Meter Charge Meter Size 4" 5" 6" 8" 10" 12" Source: City of Tustin. Charge $113.41 142.90 172.38 231.36 285.81 342.54 2020 Rate Increase. While the Enterprise has reduced its overall water use by 18% compared to peak usage during 2013, the costs to provide water have continued to increase since the prior rate increase in January, 2014. Electricity costs to pump and distribute water, water treatment costs, and materials and labor costs are all projected to continue to increase in the upcoming years. As a result, the City approved new water rates that reflect the current cost of delivering water to Enterprise customers. The new water rate structure, effective beginning February 1, 2020, consists of a metered charge applicable to all users (regardless of meter size) as well as a fined service charge (based on meter size with additional charge per dwelling unit). The new water rate structure includes a 5% annual cost escalator for each year until January 1, 2024. Under the new rate structure a sample bi-monthly bill for single family residential customer in 2020 with a 5/8" or 3/4" size meter with consumption of 40 HCF will consist of a $111.60 commodity charge and a $39.76 fixed charge for a total bi-monthly bill of $151.36. -28- The following tables outline the new rate structure for all Enterprise users in place for each of the next five years year beginning on February 1, 2020. The tables also include a comparison to the prior rate structure effective prior to February 1, 2020. Table 8 PRIOR AND FUTURE RATES FOR WATER SERVICE (Effective February 1, 2020 to present) Prior Rates Before 2/1/2020 Rates Effective Beginning, 2/1/2020 1/1/2021 1/1/2022 1/1/2023 1/1/2024 Bi -Monthly Potable Water Usage Charges per HCF All Customers Units: 0 - 10 $0.84 Units: 11 - 20 1.48 Units: 21 - 30 1.94 Units: 31 - 40 2.41 Units: 41- 50 3.05 Units: 51- 60 3.53 Units: 61+ 4.05 Meter Size $2.79 $2.93 $3.08 $3.24 $3.41 Bi -Monthly Fixed Service Charges 5/8" or 3/4" 46.85 39.76 41.75 43.84 46.03 48.33 1" 103.65 83.82. 88.01 92.41 97.03 101.88 11/2" 197.29 157.25 165.11 173.37 182.04 191.14 2" 311.86 245.38 257.65 270.53 284.06 298.26 3" 574.86 524.43 550.65 578.18 607.09 637.45 4" 956.38 935.67 982.45 11031.58 1,083.15 1,137.31 6" 1,893.76 2,066.56 2,169.89 2,278.38 2,392.30 2,511.92 8" 1,893.76 3,535.26 3,712.02 3,897.62 4,092.51 4,297.13 10" 1,893.76 5,591.44 5,871.01 6464.56 6,472.79 6,796.43 Per Dwelling Unit 37.70 10.38 10.90 11.44 12.02 12.62 Fire Protection Services Meter Size 4" 113.41 17.90 18.80 19.73 20.72 21.76 5" 142.90 22.38 23.50 24.67 25.91 27.20 6" 172.38 26.85 28.19 29.60 31.08 32.64 8" 231.36 35.80 37.59 39.47 41.44 43.52 10" 285.81 44.75 46.99 49.34 51.80 54.39 12" 342.54 53.70 56.39 59.20 62.16 65.27 Source: City of Tustin. Billing Collection and Procedures. The City mails a utility bill to each of its water customers on a bi- monthly basis. Customers must pay their water bill upon receipt. If the water bill is not paid within 20 calendar days of the invoice date, a written notice of payment delinquency and impending discontinuation will be mailed to the customer. The overdue notice will be mailed at least seven business days prior to the -29- possible discontinuation of service. If the total payment is not received, the account is then considered to be in a pending shut-off status. SB 998. The City is in compliance with SB 998, the Water Shutoff Protection Act, regarding policies relating to the discontinuation of water service, which became effective on February 1, 2020. The City does not believe that SB 998 will have a material effect on the City's ability to make the required debt service payments on the Bonds. Water Users There are 14,241 current customer active and inactive service connections in the City's water distribution system with all existing connections metered. Approximately 80% of the City's 2018-19 fiscal year water demand was residential; commercial, industrial, institutional and dedicated landscape, accounts for the remaining 20% of the total 201849 fiscal year demand. The following table shows the number of water connections over the last five fiscal years within the Enterprise based on type of customer. Table 9 HISTORIC WATER CONNECTIONS BY CUSTOMER TYPE Fiscal Years 2014-15 through 2018-19 Customer Type 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Single -Family 11,801 11,819 11,824 11,829 11,852 Multi -Family 847 848 845 845 844 Commercial 1,137 1,082 4130 1,134 1,125 Industrial 50 50 50 50 49 Public Agencies 148 197 149 159 142 Irrigation 213 215 214 227 229 Total 14,196 14,211 14, 212 14, 244 14, 241 Source: City of Tustin Finance Dept. -30- Largest Enterprise Customers. In fiscal year 2018-19, the twenty five largest water users accounted for 14.05% of total annual water sales revenues. The largest user, the Tustin Unified School District, accounted for 4.06% of the total usage. The following are the top twenty five water users and their fiscal year 2018-19 usage and sales. Table 10 TWENTY-FIVE LARGEST WATER CUSTOMERS Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2019 Source: City of Tustin. (1) The Enterprise generated $18,229,013 in total revenues in FY2018-19. See Tables 12 and 14. Financial Statements The following table presents the Enterprise's Statement of Net Position prepared by the City for the five most recent fiscal years. -31- Percent of Water Total Water Water Customer Charges Revenues(') Tustin Unified School District $ 739,443 4.06% City of Tustin 204,847 1.12 Raintree Tustin LLC 183,511 1.01 Schroeder Property Management 104,359 .57 Ricoh Electronics, Inc. 84,359 .46 Tustin Parc 84,223 .46 Tustin Acers Community Association 82,808 .45 Tustin Village Community Association 79,258 .43 CalTrans - District 12 76,146 .42 Westchester Park LP 74,558 .41 Tustin Plaza Center, LP 72,300 .40 Key Inn 72,294 .40 Briarwood Investment Co. Ltd. 70,534 .39 Vio Tustin Investment LP 63,761 .35 CMC Association Management 63,077 .35 Curtis Greider 61,943 .34 New Villa Valencia MHP 56,416 .31 Regency West 53,964 .30 Saddleback Mobilodge 53,225 .29 15701 TV Way Partnership 50,310 .28 Sycamore Gardens HOA 49,366 .27 Roshan M.D. 48,513 .27 Alders Apartment Company 46,159 .25 Stonebrook Lmtd. 43,182 .24 Waterston Gardens Investments LP 42,824 .23 Total Top 25 2,561,380 14.05 Source: City of Tustin. (1) The Enterprise generated $18,229,013 in total revenues in FY2018-19. See Tables 12 and 14. Financial Statements The following table presents the Enterprise's Statement of Net Position prepared by the City for the five most recent fiscal years. -31- ASSETS Current Assets: Cash and investments Accounts receivable, net Interest receivable Prepaid items Land held for resale Restricted cash and investments Total Current Assets Noncurrent Assets: Capital assets not being depreciated Capital assets being depreciated Total Noncurrent Assets Total Assets Table 11 STATEMENT OF NET POSITION Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Audited Audited Audited Audited Audited $14,767,193 $16,207,860 $18,000,732 $19,739,231 $20,637,563 2,791,123 2,920,396 2,968,645 2,843,553 2,769,763 30,668 46,052 45,709 70,140 66,538 110 26,035 42,257 46,866 11,830 - - - - 3,765,347 20,673,118 17,878,663 13,528,036 13,129,092 9,503,532 38,262,212 37,079,006 34,585,379 35,828,882 36,754,573 4,728,481 9,237,662 10,833,293 3,978,963 6,586,353 40,984,094 39,610,461 37,929,002 43,885,311 41,966,859 45,712,575 48,848,123 48,762,295 47,864,274 48,553,212 83,974,787 85,927,129 83,347,674 83,693,156 85,307,785 DEFERRED FLOWS OF RESOURCES Deferred charge on refunding 418,969 364,908 3,383,219 3,301,388 3,116,377 Deferred amount from pension plans, net (510,193) 45,486 826,798 909,340 865,158 Total Deferred Flows of Resources (91,224) 410,394 4,210,017 4,210,728 4,031,535 LIABILITIES Current Liabilities: Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 2,203,804 3,486,580 2,480,043 2,506,371 3,877,739 Deposits payable 482,855 562,770 584,782 483,915 503,888 Compensated absences payable 176,606 180,853 201,367 209,395 228,486 Termination benefits payable 14,787 14,787 - - - Interest payable 487,792 481,980 383,974 375,774 368,530 Bonds payable 790,000 815,000 845,000 880,000 910,000 Total Current Liabilities 4,155,844 5,541,970 4,495,166 4,455,455 5,888,643 Noncurrent Liabilities: Compensated absences payable 19,622 20,094 22,374 23,266 25,388 Termination benefits payable 14,787 - - - - Bonds payable 41,743,944 40,833,043 41,679,297 40,660,991 39,612,686 Net pension liability 1,832,914 2,271,208 2,978,725 3,504,665 3,622,504 Total Noncurrent Liabilities 43,611,267 43,124,345 44,680,396 44,188,922 43,260,578 Total Liabilities 47,767,111 48,666,315 49,175,562 48,644,377 49,149,221 NET POSITION Net investment in capital assets 24,270,718 25,443,651 23,252,432 22,753,763 20,650,435 Unrestricted 11,845,734 12,227,557 15,129,697 16,505,744 19,489,664 Total Net Position 36,116,452 37,671,208 38,382,129 39,259,507 40,140,099 Sources: City of Tustin 2015-19 Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports and City of Tustin Finance Department. -32- The following table presents the Enterprise's Statement of Revenues, Expenses and Changes in Net Position prepared by the City for the four most recent fiscal years and budgeted projections for the 2019-20 fiscal year. Audited totals are provided for the 2015-16 through 2018-19 fiscal years and budgeted projections for fiscal year 2019-20. See "Historical and Projected Operating Results" for a five- year historical comparison of revenues and expenses of the Water Fund and a projection of the revenues and expenses, including projected debt service coverage. Table 12 STATEMENT OF REVENUES, EXPENSES AND CHANGES IN NET POSITION Sources: City of Tustin FY2016-19 Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports. -33- Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Audited Audited Audited Audited Projected OPERATING REVENUES Charges for services $ 16,511,795 $ 17,100,836 $ 18,229,013 $ 17,329,090 $18,193,000 OPERATING EXENSES Personnel services 2,849,928 3,203,733 3,781,121 3,708,959 3,996,500 Purchased water 5,488,071 5,975,184 7,019,757 7,257,570 7,331,000 Maintenance and operation 3,675,377 3,853,781 3,514,949 3,317,944 4,366,130 Depreciation and amortization 1,759,296 1,833,732 1,980,617 1,918,452 1,900,000 Total Operating Expenses 13,772,672 14,866,430 16,296,444 16,202,925 17,593,630 OPERATING INCOME 2,739,123 2,234,406 1,932,569 1,126,165 599,370 NONOPERATING REVENUE Interest income 480,050 108,669 150,371 1,084,525 150,000 Other nonoperating revenues 149,374 155,845 178,880 230,610 28,000 Loss on sale of assets (7)213) — — — — Interest expense (1,806,578) (1,787,999) (1,384,442) (1,560,708) (1,814,600) Total Nonoperating Revenues (1,184,367) (1,523,485) (1,055,191) (245,573) (1,636,600) CHANGES IN NET POSITION 1,554,756 710,921 877,378 880,592 (1,037,230) NET POSITION, Beginning of Year 36,116,452 37,671,208 38,382,129 39,259,507 40,140,099 NET POSITION, End of Year 37,671,208 38,382,129 39,259,507 40,140,099 39,102,869 Sources: City of Tustin FY2016-19 Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports. -33- Historical and Projected Operating Results and Debt Service Coverage The following two tables provide a history and projection of the Gross Revenues and Maintenance and Operation Costs for ten fiscal years as prepared by the Enterprise. The following table presents the Historical Summary of Gross Revenues, Maintenance and Operation Costs and debt service coverage for the five most recent fiscal years. Data for fiscal years 2014- 15 through 2018-19 are based on figures from the City's Audited Financial Statements. Table 13 HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF GROSS REVENUES,MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION COSTS AND DEBT SERVICE COVERAGEW For Fiscal Years Ending June 30, Source: City of Tustin 2015-2018 CAFRs and City of Tustin Finance Department. (1) Excludes depreciation and amortization. (2) The 2011 Bonds were refunded by the 2016 Bonds on September 28, 2016. �� 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Gross Revenues Fixed Charges $ 6,551,507 $ 6,585,228 $ 7,150,936 $ 6,372,946 $ 6,344,719 Consumption charges 10,606,479 8,216,619 8,421,284 10,316,044 9,449,732 Investment income 249,863 480,050 108,669 150,371 1,084,525 Capital charge 1,531,801 1,535,177 1,528,616 1,540,023 1,534,639 Other 489,091 324,149 155,845 178,880 230,610 Total Gross Revenues 19,428,741 17,141,223 17,365,350 18,558,264 18,644,225 Maintenance and Operation Costs Personnel services 2,488,663 2,849,928 3,203,733 3,781,121 3,708,959 Purchased water 6,530,965 5,488,071 5,975,184 7,019,757 7,257,570 Maintenance and operation 3,492,020 3,675,377 3,853,781 3,514,949 3,317,944 Total Maintenance and Operation Costs 12,511,648 12,013,376 13,032,698 14,315,827 14,284,473 Net Revenues Available for Debt Service 6,917,093 5,127,847 4,332,652 4,242,437 4,359,752 Debt Service 2011 Bonds(2) 1,047,625 1,047,625 - - - 2012 Bonds 997,175 995,425 998,075 992,275 955,475 2013 Installment Payments 699,020 698,120 697,220 701,320 700,320 2016 Bonds (2) - - 349,378 687,300 687,300 Total Debt Service 2,743,820 2,741,170 2,044,673 2,380,895 2,383,095 Debt Service Coverage 2.52x 1.87x 2.12x 1.78x 1.83x Revenues Available after Debt Service 4,173,273 2,386,677 2,287,979 1,861,542 1,976,657 Source: City of Tustin 2015-2018 CAFRs and City of Tustin Finance Department. (1) Excludes depreciation and amortization. (2) The 2011 Bonds were refunded by the 2016 Bonds on September 28, 2016. �� The following table presents the Projected Summary of Gross Revenues, Maintenance and Operation Costs and debt service .coverage for the fiscal years 2019-20 through 2023-24. Projections for fiscal year 2019-20 are based on projected revenues for the Enterprise from the City's 2019-20 Budget, adopted June 18, 2019 with certain modifications based on updated information. While the City, believes that these assumptions are reasonable, the Enterprise cannot guarantee that its actual results will not differ. The projections in the following table do not include- any capital projects planned by the Enterprise. Table 14 PROJECTED SUMMARY OF GROSS REVENUES,MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION COSTS AND DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE0) For Fiscal Years Ending June 30, Maintenance and Operation Costs M Personnel services 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Gross Revenues 7,331,000 7,847,000 8,239,350 8,651,318 9,083,883 Fixed Charges 6,3673,000 8,441,598 8,814,649 9,206,353 9,617,642 9Consumption charges 10,639,189 11,432,086 11,991,663 12,579,219 13,196,153 Investment income 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 Capital charge 1,540,000 — — — — Other 28,000 28,000 28,000 28,000 28,000 Total Gross Revenues 18,730,189 20,051,684 20,984,312 21,963,572 22,991,795 Maintenance and Operation Costs M Personnel services 3,996,500 4,086,200 4,206,897 4,335,291 4,467,712 Purchased water 7,331,000 7,847,000 8,239,350 8,651,318 9,083,883 Maintenance and operation 4,366,130 4,233,030 4,444,682 4,666,916 4,900,261 Total Maintenance and Operation 15,693,630 16,166,230 16,890,929 17,653,525 18,451,856 Costs 2,009,960 2,316,238 2,320,732 2,320,341 2,458,198 Net Revenues Available for Debt Service 3,036,559 3,885,454 4,093,383 4,310,047 4,539,939 Debt Service 2012 Bonds 998,500 995,600 995,200 998,400 — 2013 Installment Payments (3) 324,160 — — — — 2016 Bonds 687,300 687,300 687,300 687,300 1,592,300 2020 Bonds (4) — 633,338 638,232 634,641 865,898 Total Debt Service 2,009,960 2,316,238 2,320,732 2,320,341 2,458,198 Debt Service Coverage 1.51x 1.68x 1.76x 1.86x 1.84x Revenues Available after Debt Service 1,026,599 1,569,216 1,772,651 1,989,706 2,081,741 Source: City of Tustin 2019-20 Budget and City of Tustin Finance Department. (1) Includes rate increases effective on February 1, 2020. (2) Excludes depreciation and amortization. Assumes an annual increase of (3) The 2013 Installment Payments will be refunded by the Bonds. (4) Preliminary, subject to change. The Director of Finance and Director of Public Works have been authorized by resolution of the City Council to adjust water rates to insure that Enterprise revenues are sufficient to cover the total expenses of providing water, including depreciation, administration, debt service coverage levels, and required capital outlay. For additional information, see "WATER RATES" above. -35- Water Conservation and Supply Shortage Contingency Measures Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SBx7--7). The Water Conservation Act of 2009 set forth in State Senate Bill x7-7 ("SBx7-7" ), was signed by the Governor in 2009 and became effective in February 2010. Among other things, SBx7-7 seeks to achieve a State-wide 20% reduction in urban per capita water use by December 31, 2020. SBx7-7 requires each urban retail water supplier (such as the City) to develop urban water use targets to help meet the 20% reduction goal by 2020, with an interim 10% reduction goal by 2015. An urban water retail supplier that fails to meet its water use target by December 31, 2020 will be ineligible for a water grant or loan administered by the State until the supplier complies with the provisions of SBx7-7, unless the State Department of Water Resources determines that the supplier is eligible for a water grant or loan after the supplier's submission of a schedule, financing plan, and budget for achieving the required per capita reductions. Under SBx7-7, a retail water agency may comply with the reduction requirements as an individual or as part of a regional alliance. The advantage of becoming part of a regional alliance is that the agency then has multiple means of meeting the compliance requirements. The City is member of Orange County 20x2020 Regional Alliance formed by MWDOC (the "Regional Alliance"). The Regional Alliance is comprised of 29 retail agencies throughout the County. The Regional Alliance has a 2015 weighted target of 175.9 gallons per capital per day ("GPCD") and a 2020 weighted target of 156.4 GPCD. The actual 2015 water use in the region was reported to be 129 GPCD, well below the 2015 interim target and the 2020 target. The Regional Alliance has fully met the 20% mandated water reduction goal. California 2011-17 Drought; State Emergency Measures and Continuing Efforts. California has a highly variable climate, and often experiences very wet years followed by extremely dry ones. During the last thirty-five years, the State experienced drought periods between 1986 and 1992, between 2007 and 2009, and between 2011 and 2017. The drought from December 2011 to March 2017 was considered one of the worst in the State's recorded history, with 2012 through 2015 having the driest four-year statewide precipitation on record. Between 2014 and 2015, the Governor issued two emergency proclamations (on January 14, 2014 and April 25, 2014) and four executive orders (Executive Orders B-26-14, B-28-14, B-29-15 and B-36-15). During this period, SWRCB adopted and implemented regulations for water use reductions and restrictions. Among such actions, the SWRCB adopted emergency regulations in 2015 to achieve a 25% reduction in the overall potable urban production statewide in accordance with directives set forth in Executive Order B- 29-15. It was reported that, overall, the State saved an average of more than 24% during the twelve months that the mandate was in place. In addition, the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of 2014 was enacted. The State developed a five-year California Water Action Plan, with the stated goals of more reliable water supplies, the restoration of important species and habitat, and a more resilient, sustainably managed water resources system (water supply, water quality, flood protection, and environment). On May 16, 2016, the Governor issued Executive Order B-37-16, which among other things, directed: (i) the State Department of Water Resources to work with the SWRCB to develop new water use targets as part of a permanent framework for urban water agencies, (ii) the permanent requirement of urban water suppliers to issue monthly reports of their water usage, conservation amounts and enforcement efforts, (iii) the prohibition of wasteful potable water practices (such as hosing of sidewalks, watering lawns in a manner that causes runoff); (iv) California Energy Commission's certification of innovative water conservation and water loss detection and control technologies that also increase energy -36- efficiency; and (v) consultation by the State Department of Water Resources with urban water suppliers, local governments, environmental groups and other partners to update requirements for water shortage contingency plans. The winter of 2016-17 brought significant precipitation and was one of the wettest on record for Northern California. On April 7, 2017, Governor Brown issued Executive Order B-10- 17, rescinding the two emergency proclamations from January and April 2014 and the four drought related Executive Orders issued in 2014 and 2015. However, Executive Order B-37-16 was largely left in place. Executive Order B-10-17 terminated the drought state of emergency for all counties in the State, except for the counties of Fresno, Kings, Tulare and Tuolumne with directives for those particular counties. The City is located in Orange County. During the 2018-19 winter season, several strong winter storms brought above-average levels of snowpack and precipitation to the State. In March 2019, the U.S. Drought Monitor (a map which is updated weekly through a joint effort of the National Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska -Lincoln, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture) reported that California was drought free for. the first time since 2011. The City cannot predict if and when California will experience another drought, and the actions that the State will have to take in response. The State is continuing to implement the directives of Executive Order B-37-16, dubbed "Making Water Conservation a California Way of Life." The implementation of the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act of 2014 and the additional directives under Executive Order B-10-17 for the counties of Fresno, Kings, Tulare and Tuolumne also continues. Employee Pension Plans The Enterprise pays an allocable portion of the City's administrative expenses, including employee compensation and benefits from revenues of the Enterprise. Under the Indenture, Net Revenues (which are pledged to the payment of the Bonds) is defined as Gross Revenues less Maintenance and Operation Costs. Maintenance and Operation Costs include, among other things, administrative costs of the City attributable to the operation and maintenance of the Enterprise, such as salaries and wages of employees, overhead, taxes (if any), the cost of permits and licenses to operate the Enterprise and insurance premiums. The table below shows'the City's contribution to the Ca1PERS plans (discussed below), and the amounts allocated to each of the Enterprise for the years shown: Table 15 CITY OF TUSTIN CONTRIBUTION TO CALPERS PLANS AND ALLOCATION TO ENTERPRISE Fiscal Year City Contribution Ended June 30, To Ca1PERS 2015 $1,379,562 2016 1,503,081 2017 1,850,072 2018 1,881,701 2019 2,249,216 Source: City of Tustin Finance Department. -37- Amount Allocated To Enterprise Allocation % $176,552 13% 201,558 13% 256,685 14% 274,610 15% 321,503 14% General Information about the City's CaIPERS Plans. All qualified permanent and probationary employees are eligible to participate in either (1) the City's Miscellaneous Plan, an agent multiple - employer defined benefit pension plan administered by the California Public Employees' Retirement System ("CaIPERS"), which acts as a common investment and administrative agent for its participating member employers, or (2) the City's Safety Plan, a cost-sharing multiple employer defined benefit pension plan administered by CaIPERS. They may be collectively referred to as the "Plans" or individually as a "Plan". Benefit provisions under the Plans are established by State statute and City resolutions. CaIPERS issues publicly available reports that include a full description of the pension plans regarding benefit provisions, assumptions and membership information that can be found on the CaIPERS website. CaIPERS provides service retirement and disability benefits, annual cost of living adjustments and death benefits to plan members, who must be public employees and beneficiaries. Benefits are based on years of credited service, equal to one year of full-time employment. Members with five years of total service are eligible to retire at age 50 to 62 with statutorily reduced benefits. All members are eligible for non -duty disability benefits after five (5) years of service. The death benefit is one of the following: the Basic Death Benefit, the 1957 Survivor Benefit, or the Optional Settlement 2W Death Benefit. The cost of living adjustments for each plan are applied as specified by the Public Employees' Retirement Law. Employees Covered. At June 30, 2019 (valuation date), the following employees were covered by the benefit terms for each Plan. Table 16 CITY OF TUSTIN COVERED EMPLOYEES Source: City of Tustin Finance Department. (1) Combined Police and Fiore Plans Contributions. Section 20814(c) of the California Public Employees' Retirement Law ("PERL") requires that the employer contribution rates for all public employers be determined on an annual basis by the actuary and shall be effective on the July 1 following notice of a change in the rate. The total plan contributions are determined through CaIPERS' annual actuarial valuation process. The actuarially determined rate is the estimated amount necessary to finance the costs of benefits earned by employees during the year, with an additional amount to finance any unfunded accrued liability. The employer is required to contribute the difference between the actuarially determined rate and the contribution rate of employees. Employer contribution rates may change if plan contracts are amended. Payments made by the employer to satisfy contribution requirements that are identified by the pension plan terms as plan member contribution requirements are classified as plan member contributions. Net Pension Liability. The City's net pension liability for both Plans is measured as the total pension liability, less the plan's fiduciary net position. As of June 30, 2019 the City reported a net pension -38- Misc Safety Plans Plan Inactive employee or beneficiaries currently receiving benefits 261 157 Inactive employees entitled to but not yet receiving benefits 301 71 Active employees 199 89 Total 761 317 Source: City of Tustin Finance Department. (1) Combined Police and Fiore Plans Contributions. Section 20814(c) of the California Public Employees' Retirement Law ("PERL") requires that the employer contribution rates for all public employers be determined on an annual basis by the actuary and shall be effective on the July 1 following notice of a change in the rate. The total plan contributions are determined through CaIPERS' annual actuarial valuation process. The actuarially determined rate is the estimated amount necessary to finance the costs of benefits earned by employees during the year, with an additional amount to finance any unfunded accrued liability. The employer is required to contribute the difference between the actuarially determined rate and the contribution rate of employees. Employer contribution rates may change if plan contracts are amended. Payments made by the employer to satisfy contribution requirements that are identified by the pension plan terms as plan member contribution requirements are classified as plan member contributions. Net Pension Liability. The City's net pension liability for both Plans is measured as the total pension liability, less the plan's fiduciary net position. As of June 30, 2019 the City reported a net pension -38- liability for its Miscellaneous plans of $27,865,426 and a net pension liability for its Safety Plans of $36,911,786. For more information, including actuarial assumptions, a discussion of the discount rate used, and schedules of funding progress for the City's various pension plans, see APPENDIX B— COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CITY FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019—Notes to Basic Financial Statements—NOTE 9. Recent Actions Taken by CalPERS. At its April 17, 2013, meeting, Ca1PERS' Board of Administration (the "Board of Administration") approved a recommendation to change the Ca1PERS amortization and smoothing policies. Prior to this change, Ca1PERS employed an amortization and smoothing policy that spread investment returns over a 15 -year period with experience gains and losses paid for over a rolling 30 -year period. As a result, Ca1PERS now employs an amortization and smoothing policy that will pay for all gains and losses over a 20 -year period with a five-year ramp -up, and five-year ramp -down, period. The new amortization and smoothing policy was used for the first time in the June 30, 2013 actuarial valuations in setting employer contribution rates for fiscal year 2015-16. On February 18, 2014, the Board of Administration approved new demographic actuarial assumptions based on a 2013 study of recent experience. The largest impact, applying to all benefit groups, is a new 20 -year mortality projection reflecting longer life expectancies and that longevity will continue to increase. Because retirement benefits will be paid out for more years, the cost of those benefits will increase as a result. The Board of Administration also assumed earlier retirements for Police 3%@50, Fire 3%@55, and Miscellaneous 2.7%@55 and 3%@60, which will increase costs for those groups. As a result of these changes, rates increased beginning in fiscal year 2016-17 (based on the June 30, 2014 valuation) with full impact in fiscal year 2020-21. On November 18, 2015, the Board of Administration adopted a funding risk mitigation policy intended to incrementally lower its discount rate - its assumed rate of investment return - in years of good investment returns, help pay down the pension fund's unfunded liability, and provide greater predictability and less volatility in contribution rates for employers. The policy establishes a mechanism to reduce the discount rate by a minimum of 0.05 percentage points to a maximum of 0.25 percentage points in years when investment returns outperform the existing discount rate, currently 7.5%, by at least four percentage points. CAPERS staff modeling anticipates the policy will result in a lowering of the discount rate to 6.5% in about 21 years, improve funding levels gradually over time and cut risk in the pension system by lowering the volatility of investment returns. More information about the funding risk mitigation policy can be accessed through CAPERS' web site at the following website address: https://www.calpers.ca.gov/page/newsroom/calpers-news/2015/adopts-funding-risk-mitigation-policy. The reference to this Internet website is provided for reference and convenience only. The information contained within the website may not be current, has not been reviewed by the City or the Underwriter and is not incorporated in this Official ficial Statement by reference. On December 21, 2016, the Board of Administration voted to lower its discount rate from the current 7.5% to 7.0% over the next three years according to the following schedule. Fiscal Year Discount Rate 2017-18 7.375% 2018-19 7.250 2019-20 7.000 -39- For public agencies like the City, the new discount rate took effect on July 1, 2019. As the discount rate is decreased employers that contract with Ca1PERS to administer their pension plans will see increases in their normal costs and unfunded actuarial liabilities. Active members hired after January 1, 2013, under the Public Employees' Pension Reform Act will also see their contribution rates rise. The three-year reduction of the discount rate will result in average employer rate increases of about 1% to 3% of normal cost as a percent of payroll for most miscellaneous retirement plans, and a 2% to 5% increase for most safety plans. Additionally, many Ca1PERS employers will see a 30 to 40% increase in their current unfunded accrued liability payments. These payments are made to amortize unfunded liabilities over 20 years to bring the pension fund to a fully funded status over the long-term. PERS Amortization Period Reform. On February 1.3, 2018 the CalPERS Board voted to shorten the period over which actuarial gains and losses are amortized from 30 years to 20 years for new pension liabilities. The new 20 -year amortization period begins with new gains or losses accrued starting with the June 30, 2019 actuarial valuations. The first payments on the new 20 -year amortization schedule will take place in 2021. A shorter amortization period will increase annual Unfunded Accrued Liability ("UAL") contributions for cities that participate in CAPERS so long as CAPERS remains underfunded. The shortened amortization period will also lead to reductions of periods of negative amortization of the UAL, interest cost savings, and faster recoveries of funded status after market downturns. Cities that participate in CAPERS will also see additional volatility in their future UAL contributions due to market performance as gains or losses will be amortized faster under the new amortization period. The City cannot currently estimate the impact the shorter amortization period will have on its required contributions for its Miscellaneous and Safety Plans. Other Post -Employment Benefits Plan Description. The City has established an agent multiple -employer Defined Benefit Postemployment Healthcare Plan ("OPEB") that provides post-retirement medical benefits to retirees through the California Public Employees Medical and Hospital Care Act ("PEMCHA"). The plan provides healthcare benefits to eligible retirees and their dependents. Benefit provisions are established and may be amended through agreements and memorandums of understanding between the City, its management employees, and unions representing City employees. In fiscal year 2017-18, the City established an OPEB trust administered by the Public Agency Retirement Services (the "PARS OPEB Trust"). The assets in the PARS OPEB Trust are held in trust for the exclusive purpose of providing post -employment health care benefits to the eligible beneficiaries. The City makes discretionary contributions to the PARS OPEB Trust and pays benefits directly to the insurance provider and retirees. Membership of the OPEB Plan as of June 30, 2019 consisted of 113 inactive employees or beneficiaries currently receiving benefits and 284 active employees. Funding Policy. There is no statutory requirement for the City to contribute the more than the PEMHCA minimum for eligible retirees and surviving spouses. The City has currently chosen to contribution 100% of the actuarially determined contribution. For measurement period ending June 30, -40- 2019, the City contributed $500,000 to the PARS OPEB Trust, made payments of $480,087 to insurance providers and retirees, and the estimated implied subsidy was $297,598, resulting in total contributions of $1,277,685. The liability for governmental activities is primarily liquidated from the general fund. The Enterprise pays an allocable portion of the City's OPEB expenses from revenues of the Enterprise. Annual OPEB Cost and Net OPEB Obligation. The following table shows the amount contributed to the plan, and changes in the City's net OPEB obligation: Table 17 CITY OF TUSTIN OPEB LIABLITY As of June 30, 2019 (Dollars in Thousands) Service cost $ 735,504 Interest on OPEB Liability 890,622 Changes in Assumptions (398)848) Employer Contribution (1,277,685) Net Investment Income (77,171) Administrative Expense - Change in Fund Balance (127,578) Balance at June 30, 2018 13,892,607 Balance at June 30, 2019 13,765,029 Source: City of Tustin 2018-19 CAFR. For additional information about the City's OPEB Plan, see APPENDIX B— COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CITY FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019, Note 10. INVESTMENT OF CITY FUNDS Revenues collected by the City will be held and invested by the City in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture. Funds held by the City, including Enterprise moneys, are invested in accordance with the City's Statement of Investment Policy (the "Investment Policy") prepared by the Finance Director as authorized by section 53601 of the Government Code of California. The Investment Policy is submitted to the City Council annually. The Investment Policy allows for the purchase of a variety of securities and provides for limitations as to exposure, maturity and rating which vary with each security type. The composition of the portfolio will change over time as old investments mature, or are sold, and as new investments are made. Invested funds are managed to insure preservation of capital through high quality investments, maintenance of liquidity and then yield. Further, operating funds may not be invested in any investment with a maturity greater than five years. The City has never invested in derivatives or reverse repurchase agreements and such investments and instruments are not allowed by City policy. -41- For more information about the City's investment policy, see APPENDIX D—CITY INVESTMENT POLICY. CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS ON APPROPRIATIONS AND FEES Under the California Constitution, the power of initiative is reserved to the voters for the purpose of enacting statutes and constitutional amendments. In the past, the voters have exercised this power from time to time, including through the adoption of Propositions 13 and 218. From time to time other State and local initiative measures could be adopted, affecting the ability of the City to increase revenues and to increase appropriations. Article XIIIA On June 6, 1978, California voters approved Proposition 13, which added Article XIIIA to the California Constitution ("Article XIIIA"). Article XHIA limits the maximum ad valorem tax on .real property to 1% of full cash value thereof, except that additional ad valorem taxes may be levied to pay debt service on indebtedness approved by voters prior to July 1, 1978 and (as a result of an amendment to Article XIIIA approved by California voters on June 3, 1986) on bonded indebtedness for the acquisition or improvement of real property which has been approved on or after July 1, 1978 by two-thirds of the voters voting on such indebtedness. Article XHIA defines full cash value to mean "the County Assessor's valuation of real property as shown on the 1975-76 tax bill under "full cash value," or, thereafter, the appraised value of real property when purchased, newly constructed, or a change in ownership has occurred after the 1975 assessment." This full cash value may be increased at a rate not to exceed 2% per year to account for inflation. Article XIIIA has subsequently been amended to permit reduction of the full cash value based in the event of declining property values caused by damage, destruction, or other factors and to provide that there would be no increase in the full cash value base in the event of reconstruction of property damaged or destroyed in a disaster and in other minor or technical ways. Article XIIIB Article XIIIB of the California State Constitution limits the annual appropriations of the State and of any city, county, school district, authority or other political subdivision of the State to the level of appropriations of the particular governmental entity for the prior fiscal year, as adjusted for changes in the cost of living and population. The "base year" for establishing such appropriations limit is the 1978-79 fiscal year and the limit is to be adjusted annually to reflect changes in population and consumer prices. Adjustments in the appropriations limit of an entity may also be made if (i) the financial responsibility for a service is transferred to another public entity or to a private entity, (ii) the financial sources for the provision of services is transferred from taxes to other revenues, or (iii) the voters of the entity approve a change in the limit for a period of time not to exceed four years. Appropriations subject to Article XIIIB generally include the proceeds of taxes levied by the State or other entity of local government, exclusive of certain State subventions and refunds of taxes. "Proceeds of taxes" include, but are not limited to, all tax revenues and the proceeds to an entity of government from (i) regulatory licenses, user charges, and user fees (but only to the extent such proceeds exceed the cost of -42- providing the service or regulation), and (ii) the investment of tax revenues. Article XIIIB includes a requirement that if an entity's revenues in any year exceed the amounts permitted to be spent, the excess would have to be returned by revising tax rates or fee schedules over the subsequent two years. Certain expenditures are excluded from the appropriations limit including payments of indebtedness existing or legally authorized as of January 1, 1979, or of bonded indebtedness thereafter approved by the voters and payments required to comply with court or federal mandates which without discretion require an expenditure for additional services or which unavoidably make the providing of existing services more costly. Proposition 218 General. On November 5, 1996, California voters approved Proposition 218, the so-called "Right to Vote on Taxes Act." Proposition 218 added Articles XIIIC and XIIID to the State Constitution, which affect the ability of local governments to levy and collect both existing and future taxes, assessments, and property -related fees and charges. Proposition 218, which generally became effective on November 6, . 1996, changed, among other things, the procedure for the imposition of any new or increased property - related "fee" or "charge," which is defined as "any levy other than an ad valorem tax, a special tax or an assessment, imposed by a [local government] upon a parcel or upon a person as an incident of property ownership, including user fees or charges for a property related service" (and referred to in this section as a "property -related fee or charge"). Specifically, under Article XHID, before a municipality may impose or increase any property - related fee or charge, the entity must give written notice to the record owner of each parcel of land affected by that fee or charge. The municipality must then hold a hearing upon the proposed imposition or increase at least 45 days after the written notice is mailed, and, if a majority of the property owners of the identified parcels present written protests against the proposal, the municipality may not impose or increase the property -related fee or charge. Further, under Article XIIID, revenues derived from a property -related fee or charge may not exceed the funds required to provide the "property -related service" and the entity may not use such. fee or charge for any purpose other than that for which it imposed the fee or charge. The amount of a property -related fee or charge may not exceed the proportional cost of the service attributable to the parcel, and no property -related fee or charge may be imposed for a service unless that service is actually used by, or is immediately available to, the owner of the property in question. In addition, Article XIIIC provides that "the initiative power shall not be prohibited or otherwise limited in matters of reducing or repealing any local tax, assessment, fee or charge. The power of initiative to affect local taxes, assessments, fees and charges shall be applicable to all local governments and neither the Legislature nor any local government charter shall impose a signature requirement higher than that applicable to statewide statutory initiatives." Judicial Interpretation of Proposition 218. After Proposition 218 was enacted in 1996, appellate court cases and an Attorney General opinion initially indicated that fees and charges levied for water and wastewater services would not be considered property -related fees and charges, and thus not subject to the requirements of Article MID regarding notice, hearing and protests in connection with any increase in the fees and charges being imposed. However, three recent cases have held that certain types of water and wastewater charges could be subject to the requirements of Proposition 218 under certain circumstances. -43- In Richmond P. Shasta Community Services District (9 Cal. Rptr. 3rd 121), the California Supreme Court addressed the applicability of the notice, hearing and protest provisions of Article XIIID to certain charges related to water service. In Richmond, the Court held that connection charges are not subject to Proposition 218. The Court also indicated in dictum that a fee for ongoing water service through an existing connection could, under certain circumstances, constitute a property -related fee and charge, with the result that a local government imposing such a fee and charge must comply with the notice, hearing and protest requirements of Article XIIID. In Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association P. City of Fresno (March 23, 2005), the California Court of Appeal, Fifth District, concluded that water, sewer and trash fees are property -related fees subject to Proposition 218 and a municipality must comply with Article XIIID before imposing or increasing such fees. The California Supreme Court denied the City of Fresno's petition for review of the Court of Appeal's decision on June 15, 2005. In July 2006 the California Supreme Court, in Bighorn -Desert View Water Agency v. Vedd (39 Cal. 4th 205), addressed the validity of a local voter initiative measure that would have (a) reduced a water agency's rates for water consumption (and other water charges), and (b) required the water agency to obtain voter approval before increasing any existing water rate, fee, or charge, or imposing any new water rate, fee, or charge. The court adopted the position indicated by its statement in Richmond that a public water agency's charges for ongoing water delivery are "fees and charges" within the meaning of Article MD, and went on to hold that charges for ongoing water delivery are also "fees" within the meaning of Article XIIIC's mandate that the initiative power of the electorate cannot be prohibited or limited in matters of reducing or repealing any local tax, assessment, fee or charge. Therefore, the court held, Article XIIIC authorizes local voters to adopt an initiative measure that would reduce or repeal a public agency's water rates and other water charges. (However, the court ultimately ruled in favor of the water agency and held that the entire initiative measure was invalid on the grounds that the second part of the initiative measure, which would have subjected future water rate increases to prior voter approval, was not supported by Article XIIIC and was therefore invalid.). The court in Bighorn specifically noted that it was not holding that the initiative power is free of all limitations; the court stated that it was not determining whether the electorate's initiative power is subject to the statutory provision requiring that water service charges be set at a level that will pay for operating expenses, provide for repairs and depreciation of works, provide a reasonable surplus for improvements, extensions, and enlargements, pay the interest on any bonded debt, and provide a sinking or other fund for the payment of the principal of such debt as it may become due. Current Practice Regarding Rates and Charges. The City's practice has been to provide public notice of proposed water rate increases through means that include, among others, holding informational presentations at community group meetings, mailings to residential and commercial customers of public hearings on rate increases, and press releases and media campaigns regarding rate increases, followed by public hearings conducted by the City Council. The most recent rate increase was enacted by the City in strict compliance with the procedures mandated by Proposition 218 and Bighorn. Conclusion. It is not possible to predict how courts will further interpret Article XIIIC and Article XIIID in future judicial decisions, and what, if any, further implementing legislation will be enacted. Under the Bighorn case, local voters could adopt an initiative measure that reduces or repeals the City's rates and charges, though it is not clear whether (and California courts have not decided whether) any -44- such reduction or repeal by initiative would be enforceable in a situation in which such rates and charges are pledged to the repayment of bonds or other indebtedness. There can be no assurance that the courts will not further interpret, or the voters will not amend, Article XIIIC and Article XIED to limit the ability of local agencies to impose, levy, charge and collect increased fees and charges for water, or to call into question previously adopted water rate increases. Effect of Proposition 218 on the City; Possible Limitations on Enforcement Remedies. The general financial condition of the City may be affected by provisions of Article XIIIC and Article XIIID. In particular, provisions of Article XIIIC (i) require taxes for general governmental purposes to be approved by a majority vote and taxes for specific purposes, even if deposited into the General Fund, to be approved by two-thirds vote, (ii) require any general purpose tax which the City imposed, extended or increased, without voter approval, after December 31, 1994, to be approved by majority vote on November 5, 1998 and (iii) provide that all taxes, assessments, fees and charges are subject to reduction or repeal at any time through the initiative process, subject to overriding constitutional principles relating to the impairment of contracts. Provisions of Article. XIIID that affect the ability of the City to fund certain services or programs that it may be required or choose to fund include (i) adding notice, hearing, protest and, in some cases, voter approval requirements to impose, increase or extend certain assessments, fees and charges and (ii) adding stricter requirements for finding individualized benefits associated withsuch levies. The ability of the City to comply with its covenants under the Indenture and to generate Net Revenues sufficient to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds may be adversely affected by actions and events outside of the control of the City and may be adversely affected by actions taken (or not taken) under Article XIIIC or Article XIIID by voters, property owners, taxpayers or payers of assessments, fees and charges. Furthermore, any remedies available to the owners of the Bonds upon the occurrence of an event of default under the Indenture are in many respects dependent upon judicial actions which are often subject to discretion and delay and could prove both expensive and time consuming to obtain. In addition to the possible limitations on the ability of the City to comply with its covenants under the Indenture, the rights and obligations under the Bonds and the Indenture may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, arrangement, fraudulent conveyance, moratorium and other laws relating to or affecting creditors' rights, to the application of equitable principles, to the exercise of judicial discretion in appropriate cases and to limitations on legal remedies against cities in the State of California. Based on the foregoing, in the event the City fails to comply with its covenants under the Indenture, including its covenants to generate sufficient Net Revenues, as a consequence of the application of Article XIIIC and Article XIIID, or to pay principal of or interest on the Bonds, there can be no assurance that available remedies will be adequate to fully protect the interests of the holders of the Bonds. Proposition 26 On November 2, 2010, State voters approved Proposition 26 which amended certain sections of Article XIIIC. The proposition attempts to define "tax" as used within Article XIIIC as "any levy, charge, or exaction of any kind imposed by a local government, except the following: (1) a charge imposed for a specific benefit conferred or privilege granted directly to the payor that is not provided to those not charged, and which does not exceed the reasonable costs to the local government of conferring the benefit or granting the privilege; (2) a charge imposed for a specific government service or product provided -45- directly to the payor that is not provided to those not charged, and which does not exceed the reasonable costs to the local government of providing the service or product; (3) a charge imposed for the reasonable regulatory costs to a local government for issuing licenses and permits, performing investigations, inspections, and audits, enforcing agricultural marketing orders, and the administrative enforcement and adjudication thereof; (4) a charge imposed for entrance to or use of local government property, or the purchase, rental, or lease of local government property; (5) a fine, penalty, or other monetary charge imposed by the judicial branch of government or a local government, as a result of a violation of law; (6) a charge imposed as a condition of property development; and (7) assessments and property -related fees imposed in accordance with the provisions of Article XIII D." The local government bears the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that a levy, charge, or other exaction is not a tax, that the amount is no more than necessary to cover the reasonable costs of the governmental activity, and that the manner in which those costs are allocated to a payor bear a fair or reasonable relationship to the payor's burdens on, or benefits received from, the governmental activity. The foregoing discussion of Proposition 218 and Proposition 26 should not be considered an exhaustive or authoritative treatment of the provisions of such propositions or the possible effects of Proposition 218 and Proposition 26. Interim rulings, final decisions, legislative proposals and legislative enactments affecting Proposition 218 and Proposition 26 may impact the City's ability to make debt service payments on the Bonds. The City does `not expect to be in a position to control the consideration or disposition of these issues and cannot predict the timing or outcome of any judicial or legislative activity related to these issues. Future Initiatives Articles XIIIC, XIIID and Proposition 26 were adopted as measures that qualified for the ballot pursuant to California's initiative process. From time to time other initiatives could be proposed and adopted affecting Net Revenues or the City's ability to increase its rates for water service. See "Proposition 218" above. The California constitution, Article XHID, Section 5(c), specifically recognizes that any assessment existing on the effective date (of Article XIIID) shall be exempt from the procedures and approval process set forth in Article 4, to wit: "....(c) Any assessment the proceeds of which are exclusively used to repay bonded indebtedness of which the failure to pay would violate the Contract Impairment Clause of the Constitution of the United States." RISK FACTORS RELATING TO THE BONDS The following section describes certain special considerations and risk factors affecting the risk of nonpayment or the security for the Bonds. The following discussion is not meant to be an exhaustive or definitive description of the risks associated with a purchase of the Bonds and does not necessarily reflect the relative importance of the various risks. Potential investors are advised to consider the following special factors regarding the Bonds, together with all other information in this Official Statement, in order to make an informed investment decision with respect to the Bonds. There can be no assurance that other risk factors are not or will not become material in the future. General The payment of principal of and interest on the Bonds is secured solely by a pledge of Net Revenues. The realization of the Net Revenues is subject to, among other things, the capabilities of -46- management of the City, the ability of the City to provide water services to its users, and the ability of the City to establish and maintain water fees and charges sufficient to provide the required debt service coverage as well as pay for Maintenance and Operation Costs. Among other matters, drought, general and local economic conditions and changes in law and government regulations (including initiatives and moratoriums on growth) could adversely affect the amount of Net Revenues realized by the City. Limited Obligations The Bonds are limited obligations of the City and are not secured by a legal or equitable pledge or charge or lien upon any property of the City or any of its income or receipts, except the Net Revenues. The obligation of the City to pay debt service on the Bonds from Net Revenues does not constitute an obligation of the City to levy or pledge any form of taxation or for which the City has levied or pledged any form of taxation. The City is obligated under the Indenture to pay debt service on the. Bonds solely from Net Revenues. There is no assurance that the City can succeed in operating the Enterprise such that the Net Revenues in the future will be sufficient for that purpose. Seismic Considerations The City, like much of California, is subject to seismic activity that could result in interference with the delivery of water from the City's operation of the Enterprise. As a result, no assurance can be given that a future seismic event will not materially adversely affect the operation of the Enterprise. The City does not, and does not expect to, maintain earthquake insurance on the Enterprise. Environmental Regulation The kind and degree of water treatment effected through the Enterprise is regulated, to a large extent, by the federal government and the State of California. Treatment standards set forth in federal and state law control the operations of the Enterprise and mandate the use of water treatment technology. In the event that the federal government, acting through the Environmental Protection Agency, or the State of California, acting through the Department of Health Services, or additional federal or state agencies, should impose stricter water quality standards upon the Enterprise, the City's expenses could increase accordingly and rates and charges would have to be increased to offset those expenses. It is not possible to predict the direction federal or state regulation will take with respect to water quality standards, although it is likely that, over time, both will impose more stringent standards with attendant higher costs. Maintenance and Operation Costs There can be no assurance that the City's expenses for the Enterprise will be consistent with the descriptions in this Official Statement. Changes in technology, changes in quality standards, loss of large customers, increased or decreased development, increases in the cost of operation, or other expenses could require increases in rates or charges in order to comply with the City's rate covenant in the Indenture. -47- Demand and Usage; Drought There can be no assurance that the local demand for services provided by the Enterprise will continue according to historical levels. In addition, drought conditions and voluntary or mandatory water conservation measures could decrease usage of the services of the Enterprise. Reduction in the level of demand or usage could require an increase in rates or charges in order to produce Net Revenues sufficient to comply with the City's rate covenants. Such rate increases could increase the likelihood of nonpayment. Limited Recourse on Default Failure by the City to make debt service payments on the Bonds constitutes an event of default under the Indenture and the Trustee is permitted to pursue remedies at law or in equity to enforce the City's obligation to make such payments. Although the Trustee has the right to accelerate the total unpaid principal amount of the debt service payments on the Bonds, there is no assurance that the City would have sufficient funds to pay the accelerated amounts. Limitations on Remedies The ability of the City to comply with its covenants under the Indenture and to generate Net Revenues sufficient to pay the principal of and interest on the Bonds, may be adversely affected by actions and events outside of the control of the City and may be adversely affected by actions taken (or not taken) by - voters, property owners, taxpayers or persons obligated to pay assessments, fees and charges. Furthermore, the remedies available to the owners of the Bonds upon the occurrence of an event of default under the Indenture are in many respects dependent upon judicial actions which are often subject to discretion and delay and could prove both expensive and time consuming to obtain. Initiatives In recent years several initiative measures have been proposed or adopted which affect the ability of local governments to increase taxes and rates. There is no assurance that the electorate or the State legislature will not at some future time approve additional limitations which could affect the ability of the City to implement rate increases which could reduce Net Revenues and adversely affect the security for the Bonds. See CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS ON APPROPRIATIONS AND FEES— Proposition 218." Bankruptcy The rights and remedies provided in the Indenture may be limited by and are subject to the provisions of federal bankruptcy laws, to other laws or equitable principles that may affect the enforcement of creditors' rights, to the exercise of judicial discretion in appropriate cases and to limitations on legal remedies against public agencies in the State of California. The various opinions of counsel to be delivered with respect to the Bonds and the Indenture, including the opinion of Bond Counsel, will be similarly qualified. If the City were to file a petition under Chapter 9 of the Bankruptcy Code, the Owners of the Bonds and the City could be prohibited from taking any steps to enforce their rights under the Indenture. -48- Rate Process The passage of Proposition 218 by the California electorate potentially affects the City's ability to impose future rate increases, and no assurance can be given that future rate increases will not encounter majority protest opposition under Proposition 218. See "CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS ON APPROPRIATIONS AND FEES—Proposition 218" and "—Effect of Proposition 218 and of Possible General Limitations on Enforcement Remedies." Insurance The Indenture obligates the City to obtain and keep in force various forms of insurance or self- insurance, subject to deductibles, for repair or replacement of a portion of the Enterprise in the event of damage or destruction to such portion of the Enterprise. The City expects to self -insure a portion of the risk of loss as permitted by the Indenture. No assurance can be given as to the adequacy of any such self- insurance or any additional insurance to fund necessary repair or replacement of any other portion of the Enterprise. Significant damage to the Enterprise could result in a lack of the ability to generate sufficient Net Revenues to repay the Bonds. The City does not, and does not expect to, maintain earthquake insurance on the Enterprise. Parity Obligations As described in "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS—Parity Obligations" above, the Indenture permits the City to issue or incur Parity Obligations which would be payable from Net Revenues on a parity with the payment of the Bonds. In the event of a decline in Net Revenues, the existence of Parity Obligations could adversely affect the City's ability to pay the Bonds. Public Safety Power Shutoffs Southern California Edison ("SCE"), the provider of electric power service in the City, has notified its customers that when extreme and potentially dangerous weather conditions exists, SCE may need to proactively turn off power in high fire risk areas to reduce the threat of wildfires. (referred to as a "Public Safety Power Shutoff"). According to SCE, a Public Safety Power Shutoff event will last as long as the extreme and potentially dangerous fire weather conditions exist, along with additional time to inspect/repair our equipment in the affected area to ensure safe and reliable power restoration. [The City maintains several portable emergency power generators and has installed backup power generators at key lift stations and wells.] However, in the event of a prolonged Public Safety Power Shutoff within the City, the operations of the Enterprise could be affected. Risks Related to Cyber Security The City faces various cyber security threats, including, but not limited to, hacking, viruses, malware, ransomware and other attacks on its computers and its networks. No assurance can be given that the City's efforts to manage cyber threats and attacks will be successful in all cases, or that any such attack will not materially impact the operations or finances of the Enterprise or the ability of the City to make timely payments on the Bonds. The Enterprise is also reliant on other entities and service providers including without limitation OCWD, and MWDOC. No assurance can be given that the City and these -49- other entities will not be adversely affected by cyber threats and attacks in a manner that may affect owners of the Bonds. Secondary Market There can be no guarantee that there will be a secondary market for the Bonds or, if a secondary market exists, that any Bonds can be sold for any particular price. Occasionally, because of general market conditions or because of adverse history or economic prospects connected with a particular issue, secondary marketing practices in connection with a particular issue are suspended or terminated. Additionally, prices of issues for which a market is being made will depend upon then -prevailing circumstances. Such prices could be substantially different from the original purchase price. TAX MATTERS In the opinion of Quint & Thimmig LLP, Bond Counsel, under existing law, interest on the Bonds is exempt from State of California personal income taxes. Bond Counsel expresses no opinion as to any other tax consequences regarding the Bonds. INTEREST ON THE BONDS IS NOT EXCLUDED FROM GROSS INCOME FOR FEDERAL INCOME TAX PURPOSES. The complete text of the final opinion that Bond Counsel expects to deliver upon'the issuance of the Bonds is set forth in APPENDIX F—FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL. CERTAIN LEGAL MATTERS Quint & Thimmig LLP, Larkspur, California, Bond Counsel, will render an opinion with respect to the validity of the Bonds, the form of which opinion is set forth in APPENDIX. F—FORM OF OPINION OF BOND COUNSEL. Bond Counsel has assumed no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the Official Statement. Certain legal matters will also be passed upon for the City by Quint & Thimmig LLP, Larkspur, California, as Disclosure Counsel. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the City by Woodruff, Spradlin & Smart, Costa Mesa, California. Certain matters will be passed upon for the Underwriter by Jones Hall, A Professional Law Corporation, San Francisco, California. Payment of the fees and expenses of Bond Counsel, Disclosure Counsel and counsel to the Underwriter is contingent upon issuance of the Bonds. LITIGATION To the best knowledge of the City, there is no action, suit, proceeding or investigation at law or in equity before or by any court or governmental agency or body pending or threatened against the City to restrain or enjoin the authorization, execution or delivery of the Bonds, or the pledge of the Net Revenues or the collection of the payments to be made pursuant to the Indenture, or in any way contesting or affecting validity of the Bonds, the Indenture or the agreement for the sale of the Bonds, or in any way contesting or affecting the transactions described in this Official Statement. -50- RATING S&P Global Ratings, a division of Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC ("S&P'), has assigned the underlying rating of " " to the Bonds. This rating reflects only the views of S&P and an explanation of the significance of such rating may be obtained from S&P. There is no assurance that such rating will continue for any given period of time or that such rating will not be revised downward or withdrawn entirely by S&P, if in the judgment of the S&P, circumstances so warrant. Any such downward revision or withdrawal of such rating may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Bonds. MUNICIPAL ADVISOR The City has retained Fieldman, Rolapp & Associates, Irvine, California, as municipal advisor (the "Municipal Advisor") in connection with the delivery of the Bonds. The Municipal Advisor is not obligated to undertake, and has not undertaken to make, an independent verification or assume responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or fairness of the information contained in this Official Statement. Compensation of the Municipal Advisor is contingent upon the issuance and delivery of the Bonds. CONTINUING DISCLOSURE The City has covenanted for the benefit of owners and beneficial owners of the Bonds to provide certain financial information and operating data relating to the Enterprise by not later than seven months following the end of the City's fiscal year (currently ending June 30) (the "Annual Report"), commencing with the report for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019, and to provide notices of the occurrence of certain enumerated events. The Annual Report and the notices of enumerated events will be filed by the City with the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board through the Electronic Municipal Access ("EMMA") System. The specific nature of the information to be contained in the Annual Report or the notices of enumerated events is summarized below under the caption APPENDIX C—FORM OF CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE. These covenants have been made in order to assist the Underwriter in complying with S.E.C. Rule 15c2 -12(b)(5). [UPDATE] In connection with the City's Community Facilities District No. 06-1 (Tustin Legacy/Columbus Villages) Special Tax Bonds, Series 2010 (the "2010 CFD Bonds"), the City did not meet all content requirements for all Annual Report filings within the last five fiscal years. However, the 2010 CFD Bonds have since been redeemed and the disclosure reporting obligations terminated. Additionally, for the 2012- 13 fiscal year, the City did not timely file annual reports for the City's Community Facilities District No. 06-1 (Tustin Legacy/Columbus Villages) Special Tax Bonds, Series 2007A (the "2007A CFD Bonds"). A subsequent filing was made 247 days after the Annual Report filing deadline. As of this date the City is compliant with all Annual Report filing requirements. For Fiscal Years 2010-11 and 2012-13, the City did not timely file its audited financial statements in connection with the City's Community Facilities District No. 04-1 (Tustin Legacy/John Laing Homes) Special Tax Bonds, Series 2004, the 2007A CFD Bonds, the City's Community Facilities District No. 07- 1 (Tustin Legacy/Retail Center) Special Tax Bonds, Series 2007, the 2010 CFD Bonds and the City's -51- Community Facilities District No. 04-1 (Tustin Legacy/John Laing Homes) 2013 Special Tax Refunding Bonds. Subsequent filings were made between 18 and 442 days after the filing deadline. As of this date, the City is compliant with all audited financial statement filing requirements. As of this date the City is compliant with all filing requirements with regards to rating notices. AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The City's Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2019 (the "City CAFR") is attached as APPENDIX B—COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CITY FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019. The City CAFR includes the City's audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019. The City's financial statements were audited by White Nelson Diehl Evans LLP, Irvine, California (the "Auditor"). The Auditor has not been asked to consent to the inclusion of the City CAFR in this Official Statement and has not reviewed this Official Statement. As described in "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS—Limited Obligation," the Bonds are payable from and secured by a pledge of Net Revenues and the Bonds are not a debt of the City. VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL COMPUTATIONS The Verification Agent will examine the arithmetical accuracy of certain computations included in the schedules relating to the prepayment of the 2013 Installment Payments and the refunding of the 2013 Bonds thereafter. See "THE REFUNDING PLAN." The Verification Agent has restricted its procedures to examining the arithmetical accuracy of certain computations and has not made any study or evaluation of the assumptions and information upon which the computations are based and, accordingly, has not expressed an opinion on the data used, the reasonableness of -the assumptions, or the achievability of the forecasted outcome. UNDERWRITING The Bonds are being purchased by Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (the "Underwriter"). The Underwriter has agreed to purchase the Bonds at a price of $ (which price is equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Bonds, plus/less a net original issue premium/discount of $ and less an Underwriter's discount of $ ). The bond purchase contract pursuant to which the Underwriter have agreed to purchase the Bonds provides that the Underwriter will purchase all of the Bonds if any are purchased, the obligation to make such purchase being subject to certain terms and. conditions set forth in the bond purchase contract, including the approval of certain legal matters by counsel and certain other conditions. MISCELLANEOUS So far as any statements made in this Official Statement involve matters of opinion, assumptions, projections, anticipated events or estimates, whether or not expressly stated, they are set forth as such and -52- not as representations of fact, and actual results may differ substantially from those set forth herein. Neither this Official Statement nor any statement which may have been made verbally or in writing is to be construed as a contract with the owners of the Bonds. The summaries of certain provisions of the Bonds, statutes and other documents or agreements referred to in this Official Statement do not purport to be complete, and reference is made to each of them for a complete statement of their provisions. Copies are available for review by making requests to the City. The Appendices are an integral part of this Official Statement and must be read together with all other parts of this Official Statement. The audited financial statements of the City, including a summary of significant accounting policies, for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019, are contained in APPENDIX B—COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CITY FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019. The execution of this Official Statement and its delivery have been authorized by the City Council of the City. CITY OF TUSTIN By -53- City Manager THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX A SUMMARY OF THE INDENTURE [TO COME] Appendix A THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX B COMPREHENSIVE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CITY FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 Appendix B THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX C FORM OF THE CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE This CONTINUING DISCLOSURE CERTIFICATE (the "Disclosure Certificate") is executed and delivered by the CITY OF TUSTIN (the "City") in connection with the issuance by the City of its $ City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "Bonds"). The Bonds are being issued pursuant to an indenture of trust, dated as of February 1, 2020 (the "Indenture"), by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. The City covenants and agrees as follows: Section 1. Definitions. In addition to the definitions set forth above and, in the Bond. Indenture, which apply to any capitalized term used in this Disclosure Certificate unless otherwise defined in this Section 1, the following capitalized terms shall have the following meanings: "Annual Report" means any Annual Report provided by the City pursuant to, and as described in, Sections 3 and 4 of this Disclosure Certificate. "Annual Report Date" means the March 31 after the end of the City's fiscal year. "Dissemination Agent" shall mean, initially, Applied Best Practices, LLC, or any successor Dissemination Agent designed in writing by the City and which has been filed with the then current Dissemination Agent a written acceptance of such designation. "Fiscal Year" means any twelve-month period beginning on July 1 in any year and extending to the next succeeding June 30, both dates inclusive, or any other twelve-month period selected and designated by the City as its official fiscal year period under a Certificate of the City filed with the Trustee. "MSRB" means the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, which has been designated by the Securities and Exchange Commission as the sole repository of disclosure information for purposes of the Rule, or any other repository of disclosure information that may be designated by the Securities and Exchange Commission as such for purposes of the Rule in the future. "Official Statement" means the final official statement executed by the City in connection with the issuance of the Series Bonds. "Participating Underwriter" means Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated, the original underwriter of the Series Bonds. "Rule" means Rule 15c2 -12(b)(5) adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as it may be amended from time to time. "Significant Events" means any of the events listed in Section 5(a) of this Disclosure Certificate. Section 2. Purpose of the Disclosure Certificate. This Disclosure Certificate is being executed and delivered by the City for the benefit of the holders and beneficial owners of the Series Bonds and in order to assist the Participating Underwriter in complying with S.E.C. Rule 15c2 -12(b)(5). * Preliminary, subject to change. Appendix C Page 1 Section 3. Provision of Annual Reports. (a) The City shall, or shall cause the Dissemination Agent to, not later than the Annual Report Date, commencing March 31, 2020, with the report for fiscal year 2018-19 provide to the MSRB, in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB, an Annual Report that is consistent with the requirements of Section 4 of this Disclosure Certificate. Not later than 15 Business Days prior to the Annual Report Date, the City shall provide the Annual Report to the Dissemination Agent (if other than the City). If by 15 Business Days prior to the Annual Report Date the Dissemination Agent (if other than the City) has not received a copy of the Annual Report, the Dissemination Agent shall contact the City to determine if the City is in compliance with the previous sentence. The Annual Report may be submitted as a single document or as separate documents comprising a package and may include by reference other information as provided in Section 4 of this Disclosure Certificate; provided that the audited financial statements of the City may be submitted separately from the balance of the Annual Report, and later than the Annual Report Date, if not available by that date. If the City's fiscal year changes, it shall give notice of such change in the same manner as for a Significant Event under Section 5(b). The City shall provide a written certification with each Annual Report furnished to the Dissemination Agent to the effect that such Annual Report constitutes the Annual Report required to be furnished by the City hereunder. (b) If the City does not provide (or cause the Dissemination Agent to provide) an Annual Report by the Annual Report Date, the City in a timely manner shall provide (or cause the Dissemination Agent to provide) to the MSRB, in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB, a notice in substantially the form attached as Exhibit A. (c) With respect to each Annual Report, the Dissemination Agent shall: (i) determine each year prior to the Annual Report Date the then -applicable rules and electronic format prescribed by the MSRB for the filing of annual continuing disclosure reports; and (ii) if the Dissemination Agent is other than the City, file a report with the City certifying that the Annual Report has been provided pursuant to this Disclosure Certificate, and stating the date it was provided. Section 4. Content of Annual Reports. The City's Annual Report shall contain or incorporate by reference the following: (a) The City's audited financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles as promulgated to apply to governmental entities from time to time by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board. If the City's audited financial statements are not available by the Annual Report Date, the Annual Report shall contain unaudited financial statements in a format similar to the financial statements contained in the final Official Statement, and the audited financial statements shall be filed in the same manner as the Annual Report when they become available. Appendix C Page 2 (b) Unless otherwise provided in the audited financial statements filed on or prior to the annual filing deadline for Annual Reports provided for in Section 3 above, financial information and operating data with respect to the City for preceding fiscal year, substantially similar to that provided in the Official Statement, as follows: (i) Principal amount of the Bonds outstanding. (ii) A statement that the City has complied with its rate covenants with respect to the Bonds, the 2012 Bonds and the 2016 Bonds as disclosed under the caption "SECURITY FOR THE BONDS—Rate Covenant" in the Official Statement. (iii) An update of the following tables under the caption "THE ENTERPRISE" in the Official Statement: (A) "HISTORICAL WATER SUPPLY;" (B) "WATER CONSUMPTION BY CUSTOMER TYPE;" (C) "RATES FOR WATER SERVICE;" (D) "HISTORICAL WATER CONNECTIONS BY CUSTOMER TYPE;" (E) "TWENTY-FIVE LARGEST USERS OF WATER;" and (F) "HISTORICAL REVENUES, EXPENDITURES AND DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE." (c) In addition to any of the information expressly required to be provided under this Disclosure Certificate, the City shall provide such further material information, if any, as may be necessary to make the specifically required statements, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. (d) Any or all of the items listed above may be included by specific reference to other documents, including official statements of debt issues of the City or related public entities, which are available to the public on the MSRB's Internet web site or filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The City shall clearly identify each such other document so included by reference. Section 5. Reporting of Significant Events. (a) The City shall give, or cause to be given, notice of the occurrence of any of the following Significant Events with respect to the Series Bonds: (i) Principal and interest payment delinquencies; (ii) Non-payment related defaults, if material; (iii) Unscheduled draws on debt service reserves reflecting financial difficulties; (iv) Unscheduled draws on credit enhancements reflecting financial difficulties; (v) Substitution of credit or liquidity providers, or their failure to perform; (vi) Adverse tax opinions, the issuance by the Internal Revenue Service of proposed or final determinations of taxability, Notices of Proposed Issue (IRS Form 5701-TEB) or other material notices or determinations with respect to the tax status of the security, or other material events affecting the tax status of the security; (vii) Modifications to rights of security holders, if material; (viii) Bond calls, if material, and tender offers; (ix) Defeasances; Appendix C Page 3 (x) Release, substitution, or sale of property securing repayment of the securities, if material; (xi) Rating changes; (xii) Bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or similar event of the City or other obligated person; (xiii) The consummation of a merger, consolidation, or acquisition involving the City or an obligated person, or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the City or an obligated person (other than in the ordinary course of business), the entry into a definitive agreement to undertake such an action, or the termination of a definitive agreement relating to any such actions, other than pursuant to its terms, if material; (xiv) Appointment of a successor or additional trustee or the change of name of a trustee, if material; (xv) The incurrence of a financial obligation of the City or other obligated person, if material, or agreement to covenants, events of default, remedies, priority rights, or other similar terms of a financial obligation of the City or other obligated person, any of which affect security holders, if material; or (xvi) A default, event of acceleration, termination event, modification of terms, or other similar events under the terms of a financial obligation of the City or other obligated person, any of which reflect financial difficulties. (b) Whenever the City obtains knowledge of the occurrence of a Significant Event, the City shall, or shall cause the Dissemination Agent (if not the City) to, file a notice of such occurrence with the MSRB, in an electronic format as prescribed by the MSRB, in a timely manner not in excess of 10 business days after the occurrence of the Significant Event. Notwithstanding the foregoing, notice of Significant Events described in subsection (a)(viii) above need not be given under this subsection any earlier than the notice (if any) of the underlying event is given to holders of affected Series Bonds under the Bond Indenture. (c) The City acknowledges that the events described in subparagraphs (a)(ii), (a)(vii), (a)(viii) (if the event is a bond call), (a)(x), (a)(xiii), (a)(xiv) and (a) (xv) of this Section 5 contain the qualifier "if material." The City shall cause a notice to be filed as set forth in paragraph (b) above with respect to any such event only to the extent that the City determines the event's occurrence is material for purposes of U.S. federal securities law. The City intends that the words used in paragraphs (xv) and (xvi) and the definition of "financial obligation" to have the meanings ascribed thereto in SEC Release No. 34-83885 (August 20, 2018). (d) For purposes of this Disclosure Certificate, any event described in paragraph (a)(xii) above is considered to occur when any of the following occur: the appointment of a receiver, fiscal agent, or similar officer for the City in a proceeding under the United States Bankruptcy Code or in any other proceeding under state or federal law in which a court or governmental authority has assumed jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the City, or if such jurisdiction has been assumed by leaving the existing governing body and officials or officers in possession but subject to the supervision and orders of a court or governmental authority, or the entry of an order confirming a plan of reorganization, arrangement, or liquidation by a court or governmental authority having supervision or jurisdiction over substantially all of the assets or business of the City. Section 6. Identifying Information for Filings with the MSRB. All documents provided to the MSRB under this Disclosure Certificate shall be accompanied by identifying information as prescribed by the MSRB. Section 7. Termination of Reporting Obligation. The City's obligations under this Disclosure Certificate shall terminate upon the legal defeasance, prior redemption or payment in full of all of the Series Bonds. If such Appendix C Page 4 termination occurs prior to the final maturity of the Series Bonds, the City shall give notice of such termination in the same manner as for a Significant Event under Section 5(b). Section 8. Dissemination Agent. The City may, from time to time, appoint or engage a Dissemination Agent to assist it in carrying out its obligations under this Disclosure Certificate, and may discharge any Dissemination Agent, with or without appointing a successor Dissemination Agent. Any Dissemination Agent may resign by providing 30 days' written notice to the City. Section 9. Amendment; Waiver. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Disclosure Certificate, the City may amend this Disclosure Certificate, and any provision of this Disclosure Certificate may be waived, provided that the following conditions are satisfied: (a) if the amendment or waiver relates to the provisions of Sections 3(a), 4 or 5(a), it may only be made in connection with a change in circumstances that arises from a change in legal requirements, change in law, or change in the identity, nature, or status of an obligated person with respect to the Series Bonds, or type of business conducted; (b) the undertakings herein, as proposed to be amended or waived, would, in the opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel, have complied with the requirements of the Rule at the time of the primary offering of the Series Bonds, after taking into account any amendments or interpretations of the Rule, as well as any change in circumstances; and (c) the proposed amendment or waiver either (i) is approved by holders of the Series Bonds in the manner provided in the Bond Indenture for amendments to the Bond Indenture with the consent of holders, or (ii) does not, in the opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel, materially impair the interests of the holders or beneficial owners of the Series Bonds. If the annual financial information or operating data to be provided in the Annual Report is amended pursuant to the provisions hereof, the first annual financial information filed pursuant hereto containing the amended operating data or financial information shall explain, in narrative form, the reasons for the amendment and the impact of the change in the type of operating data or financial information being provided. If an amendment is made to the undertaking specifying the accounting principles to be followed in preparing financial statements, the annual financial information for the year in which the change is made shall present a comparison between the financial statements or information prepared on the basis of the new accounting principles and those prepared on the basis of the former accounting principles. The comparison shall include a qualitative discussion of the differences in the accounting principles and the impact of the change in the accounting principles on the presentation of the financial information, in order to provide information to investors to enable them to evaluate the ability of the City to meet its obligations. To the extent reasonably feasible, the comparison shall be quantitative. The Dissemination Agent shall not be obligated to enter into any amendment increasing or affecting its duties or obligations hereunder. A notice of any amendment made pursuant to this Section 9 shall be filed in the same manner as for a Significant Event under Section 5(b). Section 10. Additional Information. Nothing in this Disclosure Certificate shall be deemed to prevent the City from disseminating any other information, using the means of dissemination set forth in this Disclosure Certificate or any other means of communication, or including any other information in any Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Significant Event, in addition to that which is required by this Disclosure Certificate. If the City chooses to include any information in any Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Significant Event in addition to that which is specifically required by this Disclosure Certificate, the City shall have no obligation under this Appendix C . Page 5 Disclosure Certificate to update such information or include it in any future Annual Report or notice of occurrence of a Significant Event. Section 11. D f . If the City fails to comply with any provision of this Disclosure Certificate, the Participating Underwriter or any holder or beneficial owner of the Series Bonds may take such actions as may be necessary and appropriate, including seeking mandate or specific performance by court order, to cause the City to comply with its obligations under this Disclosure Certificate. A default under this Disclosure Certificate shall not be deemed an Event of Default under the Bond Indenture, and the sole remedy under this Disclosure Certificate in the event of any failure of the City to comply with this Disclosure Certificate shall be an action to compel performance. Section 12. Duties, Immunities and Liabilities of Dissemination Agent. (a) Section 27 of the Bond Indenture is hereby made applicable to this Disclosure Certificate as if this Disclosure Certificate were (solely for this purpose) contained in the Bond Indenture. The Dissemination Agent shall be entitled to the protections and limitations from liability afforded to the Trustee thereunder. The Dissemination Agent -shall have only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Disclosure Certificate, and the City agrees to indemnify and save the Dissemination Agent, its officers, directors, employees and agents, harmless against any loss, expense and liabilities which they may incur arising out of or in the exercise or performance of its powers and duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees) of defending against any claim of liability, but excluding liabilities due to the Dissemination Agent's negligence or willful misconduct. The Dissemination Agent shall have no duty or obligation to review any information provided to it by the City hereunder and shall not be deemed to be acting in any fiduciary capacity for the City, the Bond holders or any other party. The obligations of the City under this Section shall survive resignation or removal of the Dissemination Agent and payment of the Series Bonds. (b) The Dissemination Agent shall be paid compensation by the City for its services provided hereunder in accordance with its schedule of fees as amended from time to time, and shall be reimbursed for all expenses, legal fees and advances made or incurred by the Dissemination Agent in the performance of its duties hereunder. Section 13. Beneficiaries. This Disclosure Certificate shall inure solely to the benefit of the City, the Dissemination Agent, the Participating Underwriter and the holders and beneficial owners from time to time of the Series Bonds and shall create no rights in any other person or entity. Section 14. Counterparts. This Disclosure Certificate may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be regarded as an original, and all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument. Date: [Closing Date] ACKNOWLEDGED: APPLIED BEST PRACTICES, LLC, as Dissemination Agent By Authorized Officer CITY OF TUSTIN By Appendix C Page 6 City Manager EXHIBIT A NOTICE TO EMMA OF FAILURE TO FILE ANNUAL REPORT Name of Issuer: City of Tustin Name of Issue: City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 Date of Issuance: [Closing Date] NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Issuer has not provided an Annual Report with respect to the above-named Issue as required by the Continuing Disclosure Certificate, dated [Closing Date], furnished by the Issuer in connection with the Issue. The Issuer anticipates that the Annual Report will be filed by Dated: cc: Trustee APPLIED BEST PRACTICES, LLC, as Dissemination Agent By — Title Appendix C Page 7 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX D CITY INVESTMENT POLICY Appendix D THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK APPENDIX E GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE CITY OF TUSTIN AND ORANGE COUNTY The information in this section of the Official Statement is presented as general background data. The Bonds are payable solely from the revenues of the Enterprise and other sources as described in the Official Statement. The taxing power of the City, the State of California, or any political subdivision thereof is not pledged to the payment of the Bonds. Although reasonable efforts have been made to include up-to-date information in this Appendix E, some of the information is not current due to delays in reporting of information by various sources. It should not be assumed that the trends indicated by the following data would continue beyond the specific periods reflected herein. Introduction The City of Tustin. The City of Tustin (the "City") is located in the central part of Orange County (the "County"), approximately 41 miles south of the City of Los Angeles and approximately 90 miles north of the City of San Diego, at the intersection of the 5 and 55 freeways. The City covers over eleven square miles and adjoins the cities of Orange, Santa Ana, and Irvine. While the City is surrounded by much of the County's main industrial employment, the City is essentially a residential community. Incorporated in 1927, the City operates as a general law city with a Council -Manager form of government. The elected City Council is responsible for policy making, and a professional City Manager is appointed by the Council. The City Council is a five -member governmental body that includes the Mayor, Mayor Pro Tem, and three Council Members. The City provides a range of municipal services to its residents. The City has its own police force and the Orange County Fire Department provides fire protection services on a contractual basis. Street sweeping, park maintenance and building inspection are provided by the City. Trash collection is a contracted service and maintenance of sewer mains is currently provided by the Orange County Sanitation District. The City cooperates with the County in the provisions and maintenance of flood control facilities. Orange County. Orange County was incorporated in 1889 and is located in the southern part of the State of California. Orange County is one of the major metropolitan areas in the state and nation. Orange County occupies a land area of 798 square miles with a coastline of 42 miles serving a population of over 3. million. It represents the third most populous county in the State and ranks sixth in the nation. Orange County is a charter county as a result of the March 5, 2002, voter approval of Measure V, which provides for an electoral process to fill mid-term vacancies on the Board of Supervisors. Before Measure V, as a general law county, mid-term vacancies would otherwise be filled by gubernatorial appointment. In November 2008, voters approved Measure J, which added Article III, Section 301 to the Charter of Orange County requiring voter approval for increases in future retirement system benefits of any employee, legislative officer, or elected official of Orange County in the Orange County Employees Retirement System (OCERS) or any successor retirement system, with the exception of statutorily - established cost of living adjustments, salary increases, and annual leave or compensatory time cash -outs. In all other respects, Orange County is like a general law county. Orange County is governed by a five - member Board of Supervisors each of which serves four-year terms, and annually elect a Chairman and Appendix E Page 1 Vice -Chairman. The supervisors represent districts that are each approximately equal in population. Orange County provides a full range of services countywide, for the unincorporated areas, and contracted through cities. Population The table below summarizes population of the City of Tustin, Orange County and the State of California for the last five years. CITY of TUSTIN, ORANGE COUNTY and CALIFORNIA. Population City of Orange State of Year Tustin County California 2015 80,032 3,155,578 38,952,462 2016 81,509 3,174,945 39,214,803 2017 81,980 3,199,509 39,504,609 2018 81,755 3,213,275 39,740,508 2019 81$69 3,222,498 39,927,315 Source: California Department of Finance, E-4 Population Estimate for Cities, Counties, and the State, 2011-19, with 2010 Census Benchmark, Appendix E Page 2 Employment The following table summarizes historical employment and unemployment for Orange County, the State of California and the United States: ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA, and UNITED STATES Civilian Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment (Annual Averages) Year Area 2014 Orange County California United States Labor Force Employment Unemployment 1,578,200 1,491,800 86,400 18,811,400 17,397,100 1,414,300 155,922,000 146,305,000 9,617,000 Unemployment RateW 5.53 7.5 6.2 2015 Orange County 1,597,100 1,525,600 71,500 4.5 California 18,981,800 17,798,600 1,183,200 6.2 United States 157,130,000 148,834,000 8,296,000 5.3 2016 Orange County 1,602,400 1,538,000 64,300 4.0 California 19,102,700 18,065,000 1,037,700 5.4 United States 159,187,000 151,436,000 7,751,000 4.9 2017 Orange County 1,619,200 1,562,600 56,600 3.5 California 19,312,000 18,393,100 918,900 4.8 United States 160,320,000 153,337,000 6,982,000 4.4 2018 (2) Orange County 1,625,400 1,577,900 47,500 2.9 California 19,398,200 18,58200 815,400 4.2 United States 162,075,000 155,761,000 6,314,000 3.9 Source: California Employment Development Department, Monthly Labor Force Data for Counties, Annual Average 2010- 2018, and US Department of Labor. (1) The unemployment rate is computed from unrounded data; therefore, it may differ from rates computed from rounded figures available in this table. (2) Latest available full -year data. Appendix E Page 3 Major Employers The following table lists the top 10 largest industries within the County as of June 30, 2018. ORANGE COUNTY Top 10 Industries as ofJune 30, 2018 Source: Orange County 2017.18 CAFR, Construction Activity The following tables reflect the five-year history of building permit valuation for the City of Tustin and Orange County, respectively: CITY of TUSTIN Building Permits and Valuation (Dollars in Thousands) 2014 % of Total 2016 2017 County Employer Employees Employment Walt Disney Co. 30,000 1.87% University of California, Irvine 23,605 1.47 Orange County 18,257 1.14 St. Joseph Health System 13,786 0.86 Kaiser Permanente 7,800 0.49 Boeing Co. 6,103 0.38 Albertson 6,057 0.38 Wal-Mart 6,000 0.37 Hoag Memorial Hospital 5,680 0.35 Target Corporation 5,400 0.34 Total Top 10 122,688 7.65% Source: Orange County 2017.18 CAFR, Construction Activity The following tables reflect the five-year history of building permit valuation for the City of Tustin and Orange County, respectively: CITY of TUSTIN Building Permits and Valuation (Dollars in Thousands) Appendix E Page 4 2014 2015 2016 2017 20180) Permit Valuation: New Single-family $ 919 $ 87,618 $ 49,819 $ 6,561 $ 6,746 New Multi -family - - 708 - 2,063 Res. Alterations/Additions 1,780 2,846 5,691 3012 3,001 Total Residential 2,700 90,464 56,218 9,574 11,811 Total Nonresidential 21,188 21,801 36,791 37,637 16,673 Total All Building $23,889 $112,266 $93,010 $47,211 $28,485 New Dwelling Units: Single Family 3 241 139 19 32 Multiple Family - - 4 - 10 Total 3 241 143 19 42 Appendix E Page 4 Source: Construction Industry Research Board: `Building Permit Summary." Note: Totals may not add due to independent rounding. (1) Latest available full -year data. Appendix E Page 5 ORANGE COUNTY Building Permits and Valuation (Dollars in Thousands) 2014 2015 2016 2017 20180) Permit Valuation: New Single-family $1,234,498 $1,288,428 $1,464,920 $1,809,779 $1,442,020 New Multi -family 985,454 1,052,113 1,195,586 880,561 726,503 Res. Alterations/Additions 413,518 486,341 491,132 498,259 582,094 Total Residential 2,633,471 2,826,883 3,151,639 3488,600 2,750,618 Total Nonresidential 2,000,167 2,203,105 2,495,687 2,090,028 3,532,284 Total All Building $4,633,639 $5,029,988 $5,647,326 $5,278,629 $6,282,903 New Dwelling Units: Single Family 3,646 3,667 4,226 5,097 3,975 Multiple Family 6,990 7,230 7,908 5,197 4,130 Total 10,636 10,897 12,134 10,294 8,105 Source: Construction Industry Research Board: `Building Permit Summary." Note: Totals may not add due to independent rounding. (1) Latest available full -year data. Appendix E Page 5 Median Household Income The following table summarizes the median household effective buying income for the City of Tustin, Orange County, the State of California and the nation for the five most recent years. CITY OF TUSTIN, ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA and UNITED STATES Effective Buying Income 2018 City of Tustin 2,614,657 Orange County 108,768,390 California 1,183,264,399 United States 9,017,967,563 2019 City of Tustin 2,642,489 Orange County 110,301,021 California 1,243,564,816 United States 9,487,165,436 Source: Nielsen Claritas, Inc. Appendix E Page 6 70,343 73,894 62,637 52,841 71,493 75,672 65,870 55,303 Total Effective Median Household Buying Income Effective Buying Year Area (000's Omitted) Income 2015 City of Tustin $ 2,237,298 $ 62,642 Grange County 90,963,458 64,420 California 981,231,666 53,589 United States 7,757,960,399 46,738 2016 City of Tustin 2,381,968 64,056 Orange County 95,757,421 66,303 California 1,036,142,723 55,681 United States 8,132,748,136 48,043 2017 City of Tustin 2,438,345 66,809 Orange County 100,982,959 69,088 California 1,113,648,181 59,646 United States 8,640,770,229 50,735 2018 City of Tustin 2,614,657 Orange County 108,768,390 California 1,183,264,399 United States 9,017,967,563 2019 City of Tustin 2,642,489 Orange County 110,301,021 California 1,243,564,816 United States 9,487,165,436 Source: Nielsen Claritas, Inc. Appendix E Page 6 70,343 73,894 62,637 52,841 71,493 75,672 65,870 55,303 APPENDIX F FORM OF BOND COUNSEL OPINION [Letterhead of Quint & Thimmig LLP] [Closing Date] City Council of the City of Tustin 300 Centennial Way Tustin, California 93654 OPINION $ * City of Tustin (Orange County, California) Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 Members of the City Council: We have acted as bond counsel in connection with the issuance by the City of Tustin (the "City") of its $ * Taxable Water Refunding Revenue Bonds, Series 2020 (the "Bonds"), under the provisions of Article 10 of Chapter 3 of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 (commencing with section 53570) of the California Government Code (the "Law"), an Indenture of Trust, dated as of February 1, 2020 (the "Indenture"), by and between the City and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (the "Trustee"), and Resolution No. , adopted by the City Council of the City on February 4, 2020 (the "Resolution"). We have examined the law and such certified proceedings and other papers as we deem necessary to render this opinion. As to questions of fact material to our opinion, we have relied upon representations of the City contained in the Resolution and in the Indenture and in the certified proceedings and certifications of public officials and others furnished to us, without undertaking to verify such facts by independent investigation. Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion, under existing law, that: 1. The City is a duly created and validly existing municipal corporation and general law city with the power to enter into the Indenture and to perform the agreements on its part contained therein. 2. The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the City and is valid, binding and enforceable against the City in accordance with its terms. 3. The Bonds constitute valid and binding special obligations of the City payable solely from Net Revenues of the Enterprise (as such terms are defined in the Indenture) and certain other amounts held under the Indenture, as described in the Indenture. 4. Interest on the Bonds is includible in gross income for federal income tax purposes. 5. Interest on the Bonds is exempt from personal income taxation imposed by the State of California. * Preliminary, subject to change. Appendix F Page 1 Ownership of the Bonds may result in other tax consequences to certain taxpayers, and we express no opinion regarding any such collateral consequences arising with respect to the Bonds. With respect to the opinions expressed herein, the enforceability of the Indenture is subject to the limitations on the imposition of certain fees and charges by the City related to the Enterprise under Articles XHIC and XIIID of the California Constitution. In addition, the rights of the owners of the Bonds and the enforceability of the Bonds and the Indenture may be subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws affecting creditors' rights heretofore or hereafter enacted and also may be subject to the exercise of judicial discretion in accordance with general principles of equity. Our opinion represents our legal judgment based upon such review of the law and the facts that we deem relevant to render our opinion and is not a guarantee of a result. This opinion is given as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to revise or supplement this opinion to reflect any facts or circumstances that may hereafter come to our attention or any changes in law that may hereafter occur. Respectfully submitted, Appendix F Page 2 APPENDIX G BOOK -ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM The information in this Appendix G, concerning The Depository Trust .Company, New York, New York ("DTC"), and DTC's book -entry system, has been furnished by DTC for use in official statements and the City takes no responsibility for the completeness or accuracy thereof. The City cannot and does not give any assurances that DTC, DTC Participants or Indirect Participants will distribute to the Beneficial Owners (a) payments of principal of or interest on the Bonds, (b) certificates representing ownership interest in or other confirmation of ownership interest in the Bonds, or (c) redemption or other notices sent to DTC or Cede & Co., its nominee, as the registered owner of the Bonds, or that they will so do on a timely basis, or that DTC, DTC Participants or DTC Indirect Participants will act in the manner described in this Appendix G. The current "Rules" applicable to DTC are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the current "Procedures " ofDTC to be followed in dealing with DTC Participants are on file with DTC. Information Furnished by DTC Regarding its Book Entry Only System 1. The Depository Trust Company ("DTC"), New York, NY, will act as securities depository for the Bonds (as used in this Appendix G, the "Securities"). The Securities will be issued as fully -registered securities registered in the name of Cede & Co. (DTC's partnership nominee) or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. One fully -registered Security certificate will be issued for each maturity of the Securities, in the aggregate principal amount of such issue, and will be deposited with DTC. If, however, the aggregate principal amount of any issue exceeds $500 million, one certificate will be issued with respect to each $500 million of principal amount, and an additional certificate will be issued with respect to any remaining principal amount of such issue. 2. DTC, the world's largest securities depository, is a limited -purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a "banking organization" within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a "clearing corporation" within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code, and a "clearing agency" registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. DTC holds and provides asset servicing for over 3.5 million issues of U.S. and non -U.S. equity issues, corporate and municipal debt issues, and money market instruments from over 100 countries that DTC's participants ("Direct Participants") deposit with DTC. DTC also facilitates the post -trade settlement among Direct Participants of sales and other securities transactions in deposited securities, through electronic computerized book - entry transfers and pledges between Direct Participants' accounts. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities certificates. Direct Participants include both U.S. and non -U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and certain other organizations. DTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation ("DTCC"). DTCC is the holding company for DTC, National Securities Clearing Corporation and Fixed Income Clearing Corporation, all of which are registered clearing agencies. DTCC is owned by the users of its regulated subsidiaries. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as both U.S. and non -U.S. securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, and clearing corporations that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Direct Participant, either directly or indirectly ("Indirect Participants"). DTC has a Standard & Poor's rating of AA+. The DTC Rules applicable to its Participants are on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. More information about DTC can be found at www.dtcc.com and www.dtc.org. 3. Purchases of Securities under the DTC system must be made by or through Direct Participants, which will receive a credit for the Securities on DTC's records. The ownership interest of each actual purchaser of each Security ("Beneficial Owner") is in turn to be recorded on the Direct and Indirect Participants' records. Beneficial Owners will not receive written confirmation from DTC of their purchase. Beneficial Owners are, however, expected to receive written confirmations providing details of the transaction, as well as periodic statements of their holdings, from the Direct or Indirect Participant through which the Beneficial Owner entered into the transaction. Transfers of ownership interests in the Securities are to be accomplished by entries made on the books of Direct and Indirect Participants acting on behalf of Beneficial Owners. Beneficial Owners will not receive certificates Appendix G Page 1 representing their ownership interests in Securities, except in the event that use of the book -entry system for the Securities is discontinued. 4. To facilitate subsequent transfers, all Securities deposited by Direct Participants with DTC are registered in the name of DTC's partnership nominee, Cede & Co., or such other name as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. The deposit of Securities with DTC and their registration in the name of Cede & Co. or such other DTC nominee do not affect any change in beneficial ownership. DTC has no knowledge of the actual Beneficial Owners of the Securities; DTC's records reflect only the identity of the Direct Participants to whose accounts such Securities are credited, which may or may not be the Beneficial Owners. The Direct and Indirect Participants will remain responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their customers. 5. Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to Direct Participants, by Direct Participants to Indirect Participants, and by Direct Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Beneficial Owners of Securities may wish to take certain steps to augment the transmission to them of notices of significant events with respect to the Securities, such as redemptions, tenders, defaults, and proposed amendments to the Security documents. For example, Beneficial Owners of Securities may wish to ascertain that the nominee holding the Securities for their benefit has agreed to obtain and transmit the notices to Beneficial Owners. In the alternative, Beneficial Owners may wish to provide their names and addresses to the registrar and request that copies of notices be provided directly to them. 6. Redemption notices shall be sent to DTC. If less than all of the Securities within an issue are being redeemed, DTC's practice is to determine by lot the amount of the interest of each Direct Participant in such issue to be redeemed. 7. Neither DTC nor Cede & Co. (nor any other DTC nominee) will consent or vote with respect to the Securities unless authorized by a Direct Participant in accordance with DTC's MMI Procedures. Under its usual procedures, DTC mails an Omnibus Proxy to the City as soon as possible after the record date. The Omnibus Proxy assigns Cede & Co.'s consenting or voting rights to those Direct Participants to whose accounts the Securities are credited on the record date (identified in a listing attached to the Omnibus Proxy). 8. Redemption proceeds, distributions, and dividend payments on the Securities will be made to Cede & Co., or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC. DTC's practice is to credit Direct Participants' accounts upon DTC's receipt of funds and corresponding detail information from the City or the paying agent or bond trustee, on payable date in accordance with their respective holdings shown on DTC's records. Payments by Participants to Beneficial Owners will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in "street name," and will be the responsibility of such Participant and not of DTC nor its nominee, the paying agent or bond trustee, or the City, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Payment of redemption proceeds, distributions, and dividend payments to Cede & Co. (or such other nominee as may be requested by an authorized representative of DTC) is the responsibility of the City or the paying agent or bond trustee, disbursement of such payments to Direct Participants will be the responsibility of DTC, and disbursement of such payments to the Beneficial Owners will be the responsibility of Direct and Indirect Participants. 9. DTC may discontinue providing its services as depository with respect to the Securities at any time by giving reasonable notice to the City or the paying agent or bond trustee. Under such circumstances, in the event that a successor depository is not obtained, Security certificates are required to be printed and delivered. 10. The City may decide to discontinue use of the system of book -entry -only transfers through DTC (or a successor securities depository). In that event, Security certificates will be printed and delivered to DTC. 11. The information in this section concerning DTC and DTC's book -entry system has been obtained from sources that the City believes to be reliable, but the City takes no responsibility for the accuracy thereof. Appendix G Page 2